Qur'an Quran Koran Kuran

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القرآن

AL-QURʾĀN

The Recitation, the Recited Tradition of Muhammad, also romanized as Quran, Qur'an, Koran or Kuran

Presenting together here four different English translations of the Quran might do little to anticipate and meet criticisms that quotations presented elsewhere are "taken out of context". We do it anyway. In the Muslim view the word translation would not be appropriate to describe English-language renditions of the Qur'an or those in any language other than the "language of Muhammad and of god and of heaven," Arabic. As Muslims would have it, the Qur'an in these other languages can only be interpretations of the Qur'an. The central religious text in Islam, Muslims maintain that the Qur'an is eternal, and possibly uncreated and therefore itself divine; that it has always existed in heaven; that it was delivered in Arabic, exclusively and always privately, to Muhammad by Allah - الله (god) through the angel Gabri- جبريلel (Jibril), over a 23 year period beginning on 22 December 609 at the Cave of Hira near Mecca through Muhammad's death in 632.

The truth differs dramatically from this narrative in many respects — the second most striking of which being that Muhammad may never have existed; there is no mention of Islam, the Qur'an or Muhammad for 60 years after his death by the Arabic conquerors conquering in his name nor by the cousins of the killed peoples anywhere over the vast swaths of Earth which the Arabs conquered; the first biography of Muhammad was set down 150 after his death — but even according to Muslim understanding the Qur'an can not be compared to the Biblical canon of the Jews or that of Christians, as the Qur'an, Muhammad informs all humankind, came to humankind through one human only, Muhammad himself !

Though Muslims maintain that they are pure monotheists — and indeed denying in any way the oneness of god, shirk شرك , is the one sin unpardonable by god, if the person dies unrepentant in that state of error — the circumstance of Muhammad being the sole human author, well ... transmitter, of the Qur'an, and the only witness that he received anything to transmit, together with other factors, his being upheld as the most excellent example of human contact (33:21), that is, if he did it it is good and great, emulate it endlessly; the countless references in the Qur'an to Muhammad himself (though only four times by name); the fact that accepting, submitting to, god's will and the only true and unadulterated faith — Islam means submission — preeminently includes accepting and submitting to Muhammad's supreme leadership and prophetship, all these circumstances combine to in fact make Muhammad a quasi-deity in the faith of Islam, however fanatically Muslims protest to the contrary. But these matters will be left to be dealt with elsewhere.

The Qur'an consists of 114 chapters ( Sura or Surah or Surat‎; plural Suwar ), divided into verses (ayah; plural ayat), with 6236 total verses (6348 including all the Bismillahs). These installments of divine revelation, these chapters, were not written down by Muhammad. Indeed there is argument as to whether he could write: an illiterate poet, a strange thing indeed. Neither were they written down in full by any of his followers during Muhammad's lifetime. These are bizarre circumstances when one considers the import for heaven and earth that Muhammad and his follows maintain attach to every syllable of these Suwar. Rather the Recitation, so the narrative goes, was remembered and written down piecemeal by some of Muhammad's newly-literate followers on tablets, bones and date palm fronds. These followers came round to deciding that it would be a good idea to actually write these down into one collection, one book, only after 700 "memorizers" of the Suwar, hafizes, were killed at the Battle of Yamama later in 632, after Muhammad's death. So Muhammad's successor, the first caliph, Abu Bakr (who died in 634) appointed Zayd ibn Thabit to coordinate and oversee the collection and codification of the Qur'an from Quranic material: assorted parchments, palm leaves, stones, camel bones and the memories of men who knew it by heart. A number of scholars contend that the Qur'an in fact was compiled centuries after Muhammad died, in the service of Muslim war conquests and challenges thereto, but this too will be left for other writers to deal with. Critically for present purposes, if neither Muhammad nor his Qur'an were inspired by God, then the purported far-fetched story of compilation and codification of the standard version within a generation of his death, even if true, is of secondary moment.

As one can see from a glance at the Table of Contents of the Qur'an immediately following, the 114 Suwar (singular Sura or Surah), the chapters of the Qur'an, are not set down chronologically in the order in which Muhammad purportedly received the recitations of Allah through Gabriel. Neither are they set down in reverse chronological order, though such a characterization would be closer to the truth. So to understand the critical concept of Abrogation in Quranic interpretation, one must look to the chronological and not the canonical order, if this latter term can be used in connection with the Qur'an. The first verses purportedly revealed to Muhammad were in or near Mecca, with the very first being the Surah al-Alaq of 22 December 609 (canonically the 96th Sura, chronologically the 1st). As the narrative goes, 86* Suwar-chapters of the Qur'an were revealed at Mecca, having continued until Muhammad and a group of about 70 converts, his total following after his twelve and a half years of preaching to pagans, fled Mecca for Medina, about 550 kilometers to the north, though more like 400 kilometers as the crow flies. This monumental migration in the eyes of Muslims took place over a 30-day period from 17 June through 16 July 622, though Muhammad arrived at Quba near Mecca already by 2 July. It bears the name هجرة - Hijra or Hegira or Hijrat.

In this connection another point of first moment must be made in connection with understanding Muhammad, the Qur'an and Islam. It is from the time of this Hijra that Islam reckons its calendar, the calculation of its years — not from the birth of Muhammad in 570; not from his first purported visitation by the archangel Gabriel (Jebreel or Jibril) in December of 609, effectively the date of his commissioning as the prophet of god, as the narrative goes, the date an objective observer might conclude would be the most supportable as the beginning of Islam; and not from Muhammad's death in 632. The Hijra is central. Though Islamic scholars divide the Meccan period into sub-periods, often three in number*, reflecting the understanding that the Meccan Suwat-chapters changed in both style and content in those three identifiable steps, in a general way it may be said that Muhammad in Mecca, from 22 December 609 to 17 June 622, was an aspiring prophet, while Muhammad in Medina, from 16 July 622 until his death on 8 June 632 was a warlord. Suwar-chapters from the Medina period, 24 or 28* in number, are generally longer and less structured, but more to the point, these Medina Suwar deal frequently and in detail with violent warfare against those not accepting Muhammad and his version of god, his purported revelations from god; arguments against People of the Book — Jews and Christians; also containing long discussions about Muhammad's conception of what constitutes hypocrisy. If the Surah are beautifully poetic in Arabic, as incessantly asserted by Muslims, and with this unsurpassed and unsurpassable poetic quality supplying one of the chief proofs of divine origin, such quality certainly does not seem to come through in any of the preeminent English-language translations prepared by Muslims, as the reader will presently see.


Suwar-Chapters by traditional ordering:		Name	English Approximation:	Egyptian standard chronological order of Suwar-Chapters:		City of purported revelation:		Number of Ayat-Verses in indicated Surah-Chapter:

	1	Al-Fatiha	The Opening		5		Mecca		7
	2	Al-Baqara	The Cow		87		Medina		286
	3	Al-i-Imran	The Family of Imran		89		Medina		200
	4	An-Nisa	The Women		92		Medina		176
	5	Al-Maeda	The Food		112		Medina		120
	6	Al-Anaam	The Cattle		55		Mecca		165
	7	Al-Araf	The Heights		39		Mecca		206
	8	Al-Anfal	The Spoils of War		88		Medina		75
	9	At-Tawbah	The Repentance		113		Medina		129
	10	Yunus	Jonah		51		Mecca		109
	11	Hud	Hud		52		Mecca		123
	12	Yusuf	Joseph		53		Mecca		111
	13*	Ar-Rad	The Thunder		96		Medina		43
	14	Ibrahim	Abraham		72		Mecca		52
	15	Al-Hijr	The Rocky Tract		54		Mecca		99
	16	An-Nahl	The Honey Bees		70		Mecca		128
	17	Al-Isra	The Night Journey		50		Mecca		111
	18	Al-Kahf	The Cave		69		Mecca		110
	19	Maryam	Mary		44		Mecca		98
	20	Taha	Ta-Ha		45		Mecca		135
	21	Al-Ambiya	The Prophets		73		Mecca		112
	22	Al-Hajj	The Pilgrimage		103		Medina		78
	23	Al-Mumenoon	The Believers		74		Mecca		118
	24	An-Noor	The Light		102		Medina		64
	25	Al-Furqan	The Criterion		42		Mecca		77
	26	Ash-Shuara	The Poets		47		Mecca		227
	27	An-Naml	The Ants		48		Mecca		93
	28	Al-Qasas	The Narrations		49		Mecca		88
	29	Al-Ankaboot	The Spider		85		Mecca		69
	30	Ar-Room	The Romans (Byzantines)		84		Mecca		60
	31	Luqman	Luqman		57		Mecca		34
	32	As-Sajda	Worship		75		Mecca		30
	33	Al-Ahzab	The Clans		90		Medina		73
	34	Saba	Sheba		58		Mecca		54
	35	Fatir	The Originator		43		Mecca		45
	36	Ya-Sin	Yaseen		41		Mecca		83
	37	As-Saaffat	Those Ranged in Ranks		56		Mecca		182
	38	Sad	Sad		38		Mecca		88
	39	Az-Zumar	The Crowds		59		Mecca		75
	40	Al-Ghafir	The Forgiver (god)		60		Mecca		85
	41	Fussilat	Explained in Detail		61		Mecca		54
	42	Ash-Shura	The Consultation		62		Mecca		53
	43	Az-Zukhruf	The Gold Adornments		63		Mecca		89
	44	Ad-Dukhan	The Smoke		64		Mecca		59
	45	Al-Jathiya	The Kneeling Down		65		Mecca		37
	46	Al-Ahqaf	The Sand-Dunes		66		Mecca		35
	47	Muhammad	Muhammad		95		Medina		38
	48	Al-Fath	Conquest		111		Medina		29
	49	Al-Hujraat	The Inner Apartments		106		Medina		18
	50	Qaf	Qaf		34		Mecca		45
	51	Adh-Dhariyat	The Wind that Scatter		67		Mecca		60
	52	At-Tur	Mount Sinai		76		Mecca		49
	53	An-Najm	The Star		23		Mecca		62
	54	Al-Qamar	The Moon		37		Mecca		55
	55*	Al-Rahman	The Most Merciful		97		Medina		78
	56	Al-Waqia	The Inevitable		46		Mecca		96
	57	Al-Hadid	The Iron		94		Medina		29
	58	Al-Mujadila	The Pleading Woman		105		Medina		22
	59	Al-Hashr	Banishment		101		Medina		24
	60	Al-Mumtahina	The Examined One		91		Medina		13
	61	As-Saff	Battle Array		109		Medina		14
	62	Al-Jumua	Friday		110		Medina		11
	63	Al-Munafiqoon	The Hypocrites		104		Medina		11
	64	At-Taghabun	The Mutual Dillusion		108		Medina		18
	65	At-Talaq	Divorce		99		Medina		12
	66	At-Tahrim	The Prohibition		107		Medina		12
	67	Al-Mulk	The Dominion		77		Mecca		30
	68	Al-Qalam	The Pen		2		Mecca		52
	69	Al-Haaqqa	The Sure Reality		78		Mecca		52
	70	Al-Maarij	The Ways of Ascent		79		Mecca		44
	71	Nooh	Noah		71		Mecca		28
	72	Al-Jinn	The Unseen Beings		40		Mecca		28
	73	Al-Muzzammil	The Enshrouded One		3		Mecca		20
	74	Al-Muddathir	The Cloaked One		4		Mecca		56
	75	Al-Qiyama	The Day of Resurrection		31		Mecca		40
	76*	Al-Insan	Man		98		Medina		31
	77	Al-Mursalat	The Emissaries		33		Mecca		50
	78	An-Naba	The Announcement		80		Mecca		40
	79	An-Naziat	Soul-snatchers		81		Mecca		46
	80	Abasa	He Frowned		24		Mecca		42
	81	At-Takwir	The Overthrowing		7		Mecca		29
	82	Al-Infitar	Bursting Apart		82		Mecca		19
	83	Al-Mutaffifin	The Defrauders		86		Mecca		36
	84	Al-Inshiqaq	The Splitting Asunder		83		Mecca		25
	85	Al-Burooj	Constellations		27		Mecca		22
	86	At-Tariq	The Night-Visitant		36		Mecca		17
	87	Al-Ala	The Most High		8		Mecca		19
	88	Al-Ghashiya	The Overshadowing Event		68		Mecca		26
	89	Al-Fajr	The Daybreak		10		Mecca		30
	90	Al-Balad	The City		35		Mecca		20
	91	Ash-Shams	The Sun		26		Mecca		15
	92	Al-Lail	The Night		9		Mecca		21
	93	Ad-Dhuha	Morning Hours		11		Mecca		11
	94	Al-Inshirah	Consolation		12		Mecca		8
	95	At-Tin	The Fig Tree		28		Mecca		8
	96	Al-Alaq	Clot of Blood		1		Mecca		19
	97	Al-Qadr	The Night of Honor		25		Mecca		5
	98	Al-Bayyina	The Clear Evidence		100		Medina		8
	99*	Al-Zalzala	The Earthquake		93		Medina		8
	100	Al-Adiyat	The War Horse		14		Mecca		11
	101	Al-Qaria	The Great Calamity		30		Mecca		11
	102	At-Takathur	Greed for More		16		Mecca		8
	103	Al-Asr	The Declining Day		13		Mecca		3
	104	Al-Humaza	The Gossipmonger		32		Mecca		9
	105	Al-Fil	The Elephant		19		Mecca		5
	106	Quraysh	Quraysh		29		Mecca		4
	107	Al-Maun	Almsgiving		17		Mecca		7
	108	Al-Kauther	Abundance		15		Mecca		3
	109	Al-Kafiroon	The Disbelievers		18		Mecca		6
	110	An-Nasr	Divine Support		114		Medina		3
	111	Al-Masadd	The Plaited Rope		6		Mecca		5
	112	Al-Ikhlas	Purity of Faith		22		Mecca		4
	113	Al-Falaq	The Daybreak		20		Mecca		5
	114	An-Nas	Mankind		21		Mecca		6
				* Note though that the widely cited German orientalist, Theodor Nöldeke (1836 – 1930), placed 90 Suwar in Mecca and 24 in Medina, or more specifically, with canonical chapter numbers but in Nöldeke's chronological order: 48 Suwar under the First Meccan Period (Chapters-Suwar 96, 74, 111, 106, 108, 104, 107, 102, 105, 92, 90, 94, 93, 97, 86, 91, 80, 68, 87, 95, 103, 85, 73, 101, 99, 82, 81, 53, 84, 100, 79, 77, 78, 88, 89, 75, 83, 69, 51, 52, 56, 70, 55, 112, 109, 113, 114, and 1); 21 Suwar under the Second Meccan Period (Chapters-Suwar 54, 37, 71, 76, 44, 50, 20, 26, 15, 19, 38, 36, 43, 72, 67, 23, 21, 25, 17, 27, and 18); 21 Suwar under the Third Meccan Period (Chapters-Suwar 32, 41, 45, 16, 30, 11, 14, 12, 40, 28, 39, 29, 31, 42, 10, 34, 35, 7, 46, 6, and 13); and 24 Suwar under the Medinan Period (Chapters-Suwar 2, 3, 4, 5, 8, 9, 22, 24, 33, 47, 48, 49, 57, 58, 59, 60, 61, 62, 63, 64, 65, 66, 98, and 110) Thus, from the Egyptian Edition (1924) chronology presented in the Table of Contents of the Qur'an, above, Nöldeke would omit from the Medina list Suwar 99 (Meccan I), 13 (Meccan III), 55 (Meccan I), 76 (Meccan II).


1	from Mecca	Surah Al-Fatiha — "The Opening" — the First Chapter of the Qur'an.
	Chronologically, the 5th Sura of the Qur'an.
		Little time is wasted getting to the central most theme of Allah's wrath.

English translations by:

Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)

Marmaduke Pickthall (P)

Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)

Arthur John Arberry (A)

1:1-7

In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.

Praise be to Allah, the Cherisher and Sustainer of the worlds; Most Gracious, Most Merciful; Master of the Day of Judgment. Thee do we worship, and Thine aid we seek. Show us the straight way, The way of those on whom Thou hast bestowed Thy Grace, those whose (portion) is not wrath, and who go not astray.

In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.

Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds, The Beneficent, the Merciful. Master of the Day of Judgment, Thee (alone) we worship; Thee (alone) we ask for help. Show us the straight path, The path of those whom Thou hast favoured; Not the (path) of those who earn Thine anger nor of those who go astray.

In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.

All praise is due to Allah, the Lord of the Worlds. The Beneficent, the Merciful. Master of the Day of Judgment. Thee do we serve and Thee do we beseech for help. Keep us on the right path. The path of those upon whom Thou hast bestowed favors. Not (the path) of those upon whom Thy wrath is brought down, nor of those who go astray.

In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.

Praise belongs to God, the Lord of all Being, the All-merciful, the All-compassionate, the Master of the Day of Doom. Thee only we serve; to Thee alone we pray for succour. Guide us in the straight path, the path of those whom Thou hast blessed, not of those against whom Thou art wrathful, nor of those who are astray.


2	from Medina	Surah Al-Baqara — "The Cow" — the Second Chapter of the Qur'an, and also the longest by far, with 286 Ayat-verses.
	Chronologically, the 87th Sura of the Qur'an.
		The famous Quranic challenge to those doubting Muhammad, that they can not produce a single Sura like unto what Muhammad produced, is at 2:23-24. Of course by definition the challenge will always be unanswerable. If such a Sura, comparable in poetic quality or content, is produced, the Muslim issuing judgement on the same must conclude that the thing produced is not comparable. Were he to conclude that it is comparable he would cease to be a Muslim. Muhammad has Adam being taught the names of things by god; not naming. At god's command, the angels bow down before Adam; Iblis refuses to do so; Satan gets Adam and his wife expelled from the garden; god (at 2:36) put's enmity among people; people will dwell on earth, for a time. Jump to special covenant with the "Children of Israel" already at 2:40; then much about them. At 2:57 "to us they did no harm, but they harmed their own souls." Allah is utterly unfazed by what people do. See in 2:59: "But the transgressors [Children of Israel] changed the word from that which had been given them..." Only Muhammad has it right. False hope for heaven for Christians and Jews in 2:62: it was abrogated already by 3:85, though 48:13 (Sura 48 was 111th chronologically) and 5:72 (Sura 5 was 112th chronologically) would also have abrogated 2:62. At 2:79 considerable insight into Muhammad's mind, when he recites: "Woe to them for what their hands do write, and for the gain they make thereby." Very much on the unfaithfulness of the Children of Israel to their Covenant with God, e.g., "Then is it only a part of the Book that ye believe in, and do ye reject the rest?" at 2:86, though in fact Muhammad's entire "recitation" of "revelation" is fundamentally about doing exactly this, accepting portions of the Hebrew and the New Testament Scriptures to the limited extent and in the distorted extent that he, Muhammad, understood them, rejecting the rest as "interpolations" and "distortions." Since the time of Christ's Ministry on Earth, this is what heretics always do. They always claim to be restoring the original true teaching and faith. Yet the present writer would reject the conclusion that Muhammad was a Christian heretic. While Muhammad has in common with heretics the mixing of Truth and falsehood, Muhammad's rejection of Christian doctrine is too blanket, too extensive for him to be grouped together with the heretics or heresiarchs. It is a question of degree and extent. Muhammad teachings are not only departures from Truth within finer shades of meaning and doctrine. Joseph Smith and his Mormonism is in a different category than Cranmer and his Anglicanism. Maybe heresy is worse than, is more dangerous than, non-Christianity, for example because of the allure of being closer to the Truth and so more believable; maybe because it is part of a broader battle to whittle away at the Truth gradually. Be this as it may, the non-Christianity of Muhammad, like that of Joseph Smith, is different from heresy. At 2:87 Muhammad has "Jesus the son of Mary" strengthened by the "holy spirit". But Muhammad is at once back to the Jews, interestingly at 2:94 with the challenge to that most extreme of racisms, that of the Jews: "Say: 'If the last Home, with Allah, be for you specially, and not for anyone else, then seek ye for death, if ye are sincere.'" From 2:100-103 we see confusion about whether faithlessness comes from knowing, wilfull disobediance – "as if (it had been something) they did not know!" – or from ignorance – "if they but knew!" All of this is of course background to lead up to the main thrust of Muhammad's concern, that is, Muhammad himself and the respect and deference owed him. (2:104-105) And at 2:106 is found the, for Quranic interpretation, all-important verse on the Abrogation principle. The "forgive and overlook" bit from 2:109 was Abrogated. At 2:113 appears the strange statement regarding Christians and Jews that "Allah will judge between them in their quarrel on the Day of Judgment," strange in that elsewhere in the Qur'an (7:36; 3:85; 48:13) Muhammad is asserting that Christians and Jews are both condemned to hell, so is one to assume that Muhammad's god will simply be telling the Christians and the Jews which is wrong, or more wrong, on disputed points as they commence their joint ride to hell? Moreover on the central point of the Jewish-Christian dispute — whether God is Triune or not and so whether Jesus is God — Muhammad claims to already have resolved the question in the Jew's favor, a circumstance that does not seem to prevent him from heaping greater contempt on the Jews than even the Christians, if such distinctions can be meaningful. At 2:120 we find "Allah" essentially telling Muhammad that Jews and Christians will never accept Islam. In 2:127-132 we find Abraham and Isma'il (Ishmael, Abraham's first son, born of marriage to Sarah's handmaiden, Hagar (Genesis 16:3)) asking Allah that they and their progeny be made good Muslims and that Allah send a Messenger (Muhammad). Seemingly tolerant 2:139 abrogated by 9.5. Turning to face the Kaaba. There is a curious and telling set of verses at 2:142 to 2:145. Initially, Muhammad faced Jerusalem for prayer, but to distinguish himself from the Jews, who were mocking Muhammad's new teachings as ridicuous, at some point in time he decided it was more expedient to proclaim a command from Allah to instead face the Kaaba in Mecca, theretofore a pagan temple filled with pagan idols, never mentioned in the Bible, the Hebrew Scriptures or the New Testament. But from Muhammad's self-serving story was born Qiblah, the Muslim direction of prayer. Born also was the Islamic teaching that the Kaaba was constructed by Abraham — the most important act of Abraham's life, Muhammad tells us — and thereafter maintained by Ishmael. And Nota Bene, the Romans, Christian and pre-Christian, never went so far south on the Arabian Peninsula as Mecca. Mecca was surrounded by desert, difficult to traverse. The Romans never bothered taking any points south of Hegra and Hegra Come, though they surely would have, if Mecca had been interesting to Jews or to Christians. Mecca was utterly unintersting. Further telling is the Koranic justification for this change at 2:143, that the former practice of praying facing Jerusalem was a test. What was possibly tested with this experiment of Muhammad's, his changing instructions to others and his own practices of years regarding the direction to face while praying? Here Muhammad makes his Islam ridiculous in its own chief text and on a fundamental point of Islamic life. Eternal life for Jihadists killed in action at 2:154. At 2:169 "Follow what Allah hath revealed", meaning follow Muhammad, who alone has received wisdom. Do not eat swine, unless you have to, in which case you are guiltless. At 2:174-177 we find some of the more interesting verses in the Qur'an, making Muhammad almost sympathetic, almost. He seems sensitive to the ills and evils having arisen from disputes among "the people of the Book." Though calling for speculation, it might be understood that he had in mind disputes among the followers of Jesus and not only between Christians and Jews. Of course the fundamental strand of the Qur'an and of Muhammad's life returns at once. He, Muhammad, and all he says, is the answer to the problem. He resolves the theological disputes. In Muhammad's version of the "law of equality," at 2:178. Slaves, free Muslims, women are decidedly unequal. At then we see that murderers can buy their way out of punishment by paying off the relatives of the slain, assuming they have sufficient funds. Wills and estates and fasting and Ramadhan. From 2:190-191 we see peace, Muhammad style, Dar al Islam: "Fight in the cause of Allah those who fight you, but do not transgress limits; for Allah loveth not transgressors. And slay them wherever ye catch them, and turn them out from where they have Turned you out; for tumult and oppression are worse than slaughter..." The pilgrimage to Mecca, the Hajj at 2:196-199. More about hell for those who fear not Allah. At 2:210 though the rather orthodox observation that actions in this world matter for the hereafter. And at 2:211 we find Muhammad warning against the very thing he himself is doing: "Ask the Children of Israel how many clear (Signs) We have sent them. But if any one, after Allah's favour has come to him, substitutes (something else), Allah is strict in punishment." At 2:213, again, complete predestination of man: "For Allah guided whom He will to a path that is straight." At 2:216: "Fighting is prescribed for you ..." And though fighting is prohibited during Ramahdan at 2:217, the broad exceptions — essentially anything that any Muslim ruler decrees "prevent[s] access to the path of Allah" — utterly swallow the rule. At 2:221 is found one of Muhammad's many approving references to homosexuality and pederasty, provided there is no pretence of affection: "A man slave who believes is better than an unbeliever, even though he allures you." Muhammad's version of respect for women at 2:223. Carelessness-"thoughtlessness in your oaths" is encouraged at 2:225. Muslim divorce and reconciliation are presented at verses 2:226 through 2:232. Essentially a man has no prohibitions on divorcing a woman, but there are prohibitions on reconciling with a wife! "So if a husband divorces his wife (irrevocably), He cannot, after that, re-marry her until after she has married another husband and He has divorced her." (2:230) One of countless verses of the Qur'an proving to all of good will that it is NOT FROM GOD. At 2:240-242 strange, skinny provisions for widows (one year's maintenance); less for divorced women, divorceable at will and whim. "Then fight in the cause of Allah ..." (2:244) Well, at least Muhammad leaves little ambiguity on this one. At 2:247 Allah omniscient. At 2:248 Muhammad's distorted understanding of the story of Noah; and at 2:249-251 his partial familiarity with the story of David and Goliath. At 2:253 a rather key provision: Wars happen because Allah so wills them, that is, not permits, but wills them. More peace and tolerance at 2:256: "Let there be no compulsion in religion..." Great, but wait, the verse is abrogated (9:5); and also, to put more refinement on the point, the goal of Muhammad and the Muslims is not, strickly speaking, the spread of the Islamic faith as a religion, but the spread of Islamic political dominion and Sharia law. Indeed, were all conquered peoples to accept Islam — an impossibility theologically — this would actually undermine the agenda of the conquering hordes. They would thereby lose the Jizya and generally the productivity of the much more scientifically, culturally and intellectually advanced Christian subjugated peoples. There would have been no basis for the myth of the Golden Age of Islam. Hell for non-Muslims (for those not accepting Muhammad) at 2:257, period, full stop, nothing more to talk about; and this verse is never abrogated. At 2:263 some actual wisdom: "Kind words and the covering of faults are better than charity followed by injury..." Muhammad's counterfeit of the *Parable of the Seeds* at 2:261-265. At 2:267 some real wisdom for the rich in our times also: "do not even aim at getting anything which is bad, in order that out of it ye may give away something." Muhammad was no fool; and there is more at 2:271: "If ye disclose (acts of) charity, even so it is well, but if ye conceal them, and make them reach those (really) in need, that is best for you: It will remove from you some of your (stains of) evil. And Allah is well acquainted with what ye do." Though lifting concepts from the New Testament, at least it can be said that Muhammad sometimes discerned well the good. And note the difference between Muhammad's teaching and Luther's Justification by Faith Alone — Sola Fide. But is there a distinction between Muhammad's understanding of Predestination (2:272) and Calvin's? See also Verse 10:100, Verses 11:118-119, Verses 13:31 and 13:33 and Verse 14:4. At 2:275 Muhammad essentially concedes that trade and usury (the charging of interest on money lent) are equivalent, but that the former is permitted, the latter forbidden by Allah. Should not the just standard rather go to not charging excessive interest, to not taking advantage of someone's plight to make their situation still worse. If the person can not by objective criteria be expected to pay back, then do not lend. Gift or refuse, don't use. The longest verse in the entire Qur'an, Verse 2:282 presents Muhammad's version of a Statute of Frauds; not bad, but politically correct Islamophile women take note, the testmony of a woman counts one half as much as that of a man, that is one man = two women (other Quranic verses restrict this to cases involving property; regarding her person, her testimony counts less than half, or not at all). And from 2:284: " He forgiveth whom He pleaseth, and punisheth whom He pleaseth, for Allah hath power over all things." An appropriate note on which to end these comments to Sura 2, The Cow.

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

2:1-5	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. Alif Lam Mim. This is the Book; in it is guidance sure, without doubt, to those who fear Allah; Who believe in the Unseen, are steadfast in prayer, and spend out of what We have provided for them; And who believe in the Revelation sent to thee, and sent before thy time, and (in their hearts) have the assurance of the Hereafter. They are on (true) guidance, from their Lord, and it is these who will prosper.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Alif. Lam. Mim. This is the Scripture whereof there is no doubt, a guidance unto those who ward off (evil). Who believe in the Unseen, and establish worship, and spend of that We have bestowed upon them; And who believe in that which is revealed unto thee (Muhammad) and that which was revealed before thee, and are certain of the Hereafter. These depend on guidance from their Lord. These are the successful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Alif Lam Mim. This Book, there is no doubt in it, is a guide to those who guard (against evil). Those who believe in the unseen and keep up prayer and spend out of what We have given them. And who believe in that which has been revealed to you and that which was revealed before you and they are sure of the hereafter. These are on a right course from their Lord and these it is that shall be successful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. Alif Lam Mim That is the Book, wherein is no doubt, a guidance to the godfearing who believe in the Unseen, and perform the prayer, and expend of that We have provided them; who believe in what has been sent down to thee and what has been sent down before thee, and have faith in the Hereafter; those are upon guidance from their Lord, those are the ones who prosper.
2: 6-10	As to those who reject Faith, it is the same to them whether thou warn them or do not warn them; they will not believe. Allah hath set a seal on their hearts and on their hearing, and on their eyes is a veil; great is the penalty they (incur). Of the people there are some who say: "We believe in Allah and the Last Day;" but they do not (really) believe. Fain would they deceive Allah and those who believe, but they only deceive themselves, and realise (it) not! In their hearts is a disease; and Allah has increased their disease: And grievous is the penalty they (incur), because they are false (to themselves).	As for the Disbelievers, Whether thou warn them or thou warn them not it is all one for them; they believe not. Allah hath sealed their hearing and their hearts, and on their eyes there is a covering. Theirs will be an awful doom. And of mankind are some who say: We believe in Allah and the Last Day, when they believe not. They think to beguile Allah and those who believe, and they beguile none save themselves; but they perceive not. In their hearts is a disease, and Allah increaseth their disease. A painful doom is theirs because they lie.	Surely those who disbelieve, it being alike to them whether you warn them, or do not warn them, will not believe. Allah has set a seal upon their hearts and upon their hearing and there is a covering over their eyes, and there is a great punishment for them. And there are some people who say: We believe in Allah and the last day; and they are not at all believers. They desire to deceive Allah and those who believe, and they deceive only themselves and they do not perceive. There is a disease in their hearts, so Allah added to their disease and they shall have a painful chastisement because they lied.	As for the unbelievers, alike it is to them whether thou hast warned them or hast not warned them, they do not believe. God has set a seal on their hearts and on their hearing, and on their eyes is a covering, and there awaits them a mighty chastisement. And some men there are who say, 'We believe in God and the Last Day'; but they are not believers. They would trick God and the believers, and only themselves they deceive, and they are not aware. In their hearts is a sickness, and God has increased their sickness, and there awaits them a painful chastisement for that they have cried lies.
2: 11-20	When it is said to them: "Make not mischief on the earth," they say: "Why, we only Want to make peace!" Of a surety, they are the ones who make mischief, but they realise (it) not. When it is said to them: "Believe as the others believe:" They say: "Shall we believe as the fools believe?" Nay, of a surety they are the fools, but they do not know. When they meet those who believe, they say: "We believe;" but when they are alone with their evil ones, they say: "We are really with you: We (were) only jesting." Allah will throw back their mockery on them, and give them rope in their trespasses; so they will wander like blind ones (To and fro). These are they who have bartered Guidance for error: But their traffic is profitless, and they have lost true direction, Their similitude is that of a man who kindled a fire; when it lighted all around him, Allah took away their light and left them in utter darkness. So they could not see. Deaf, dumb, and blind, they will not return (to the path). Or (another similitude) is that of a rain-laden cloud from the sky: In it are zones of darkness, and thunder and lightning: They press their fingers in their ears to keep out the stunning thunder-clap, the while they are in terror of death. But Allah is ever round the rejecters of Faith! The lightning all but snatches away their sight; every time the light (Helps) them, they walk therein, and when the darkness grows on them, they stand still. And if Allah willed, He could take away their faculty of hearing and seeing; for Allah hath power over all things.
2: 21-22	O ye people! Adore your Guardian-Lord, who created you and those who came before you, that ye may have the chance to learn righteousness; Who has made the earth your couch, and the heavens your canopy; and sent down rain from the heavens; and brought forth therewith Fruits for your sustenance; then set not up rivals unto Allah when ye know (the truth).
2: 23-24	And if ye are in doubt as to what We have revealed from time to time to Our servant, then produce a Sura like thereunto; and call your witnesses or helpers (If there are any) besides Allah, if your (doubts) are true. But if ye cannot- and of a surety ye cannot- then fear the Fire whose fuel is men and stones,- which is prepared for those who reject Faith.	And if ye are in doubt concerning that which We reveal unto Our slave (Muhammad), then produce a surah of the like thereof, and call your witness beside Allah if ye are truthful. And if ye do it not- and ye can never do it - then guard yourselves against the Fire prepared for disbelievers, whose fuel is of men and stones.	And if you are in doubt as to that which We have revealed to Our servant, then produce a Chapter like it and call on your witnesses besides Allah if you are truthful. But if you do (it) not and never shall you do (it), then be on your guard against the fire of which men and stones are the fuel; it is prepared for the unbelievers.	And if you are in doubt concerning that We have sent down on Our servant, then bring a sura like it, and call your witnesses, apart from God, if you are truthful. And if you do not -- and you will not -- then fear the Fire, whose fuel is men and stones, prepared for unbelievers.
2: 25-29	But give glad tidings to those who believe and work righteousness, that their portion is Gardens, beneath which rivers flow. Every time they are fed with fruits therefrom, they say: "Why, this is what we were fed with before," for they are given things in similitude; and they have therein companions pure (and holy); and they abide therein (for ever). Allah disdains not to use the similitude of things, lowest as well as highest. Those who believe know that it is truth from their Lord; but those who reject Faith say: "What means Allah by this similitude?" By it He causes many to stray, and many He leads into the right path; but He causes not to stray, except those who forsake (the path),- Those who break Allah's Covenant after it is ratified, and who sunder what Allah Has ordered to be joined, and do mischief on earth: These cause loss (only) to themselves. How can ye reject the faith in Allah?- seeing that ye were without life, and He gave you life; then will He cause you to die, and will again bring you to life; and again to Him will ye return. It is He Who hath created for you all things that are on earth; Moreover His design comprehended the heavens, for He gave order and perfection to the seven firmaments; and of all things He hath perfect knowledge.
2: 30-33	Behold, thy Lord said to the angels: "I will create a vicegerent on earth." They said: "Wilt Thou place therein one who will make mischief therein and shed blood?- whilst we do celebrate Thy praises and glorify Thy holy (name)?" He said: "I know what ye know not." And He taught Adam the names of all things; then He placed them before the angels, and said: "Tell me the names of these if ye are right." They said: "Glory to Thee, of knowledge We have none, save what Thou Hast taught us: In truth it is Thou Who art perfect in knowledge and wisdom." He said: "O Adam! Tell them their names." When he had told them, Allah said: "Did I not tell you that I know the secrets of heaven and earth, and I know what ye reveal and what ye conceal?"
2: 34-39	And behold, We said to the angels: "Bow down to Adam" and they bowed down. Not so Iblis: he refused and was haughty: He was of those who reject Faith. We said: "O Adam! dwell thou and thy wife in the Garden; and eat of the bountiful things therein as (where and when) ye will; but approach not this tree, or ye run into harm and transgression." Then did Satan make them slip from the (garden), and get them out of the state (of felicity) in which they had been. We said: "Get ye down, all (ye people), with enmity between yourselves. On earth will be your dwelling-place and your means of livelihood - for a time." Then learnt Adam from his Lord words of inspiration, and his Lord Turned towards him; for He is Oft-Returning, Most Merciful. We said: "Get ye down all from here; and if, as is sure, there comes to you Guidance from me, whosoever follows My guidance, on them shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve. "But those who reject Faith and belie Our Signs, they shall be companions of the Fire; they shall abide therein."
2: 40-48	O Children of Israel! call to mind the (special) favour which I bestowed upon you, and fulfil your covenant with Me as I fulfil My Covenant with you, and fear none but Me. And believe in what I reveal, confirming the revelation which is with you, and be not the first to reject Faith therein, nor sell My Signs for a small price; and fear Me, and Me alone. And cover not Truth with falsehood, nor conceal the Truth when ye know (what it is). And be steadfast in prayer; practise regular charity; and bow down your heads with those who bow down (in worship). Do ye enjoin right conduct on the people, and forget (To practise it) yourselves, and yet ye study the Scripture? Will ye not understand? Nay, seek (Allah's) help with patient perseverance and prayer: It is indeed hard, except to those who bring a lowly spirit,- Who bear in mind the certainty that they are to meet their Lord, and that they are to return to Him. Children of Israel! call to mind the (special) favour which I bestowed upon you, and that I preferred you to all other (for My Message). Then guard yourselves against a day when one soul shall not avail another nor shall intercession be accepted for her, nor shall compensation be taken from her, nor shall anyone be helped (from outside).
2: 49-56	And remember, We delivered you from the people of Pharaoh: They set you hard tasks and punishments, slaughtered your sons and let your women-folk live; therein was a tremendous trial from your Lord. And remember We divided the sea for you and saved you and drowned Pharaoh's people within your very sight. And remember We appointed forty nights for Moses, and in his absence ye took the calf (for worship), and ye did grievous wrong. Even then We did forgive you; there was a chance for you to be grateful. And remember We gave Moses the Scripture and the Criterion (Between right and wrong): There was a chance for you to be guided aright. And remember Moses said to his people: "O my people! Ye have indeed wronged yourselves by your worship of the calf: So turn (in repentance) to your Maker, and slay yourselves (the wrong-doers); that will be better for you in the sight of your Maker." Then He turned towards you (in forgiveness): For He is Oft-Returning, Most Merciful. And remember ye said: "O Moses! We shall never believe in thee until we see Allah manifestly," but ye were dazed with thunder and lighting even as ye looked on. Then We raised you up after your death: Ye had the chance to be grateful.
2: 57-61	And We gave you the shade of clouds and sent down to you Manna and quails, saying: "Eat of the good things We have provided for you:" (But they rebelled); to us they did no harm, but they harmed their own souls. And remember We said: "Enter this town, and eat of the plenty therein as ye wish; but enter the gate with humility, in posture and in words, and We shall forgive you your faults and increase (the portion of) those who do good." But the transgressors changed the word from that which had been given them; so We sent on the transgressors a plague from heaven, for that they infringed (Our command) repeatedly. And remember Moses prayed for water for his people; We said: "Strike the rock with thy staff." Then gushed forth therefrom twelve springs. Each group knew its own place for water. So eat and drink of the sustenance provided by Allah, and do no evil nor mischief on the (face of the) earth. And remember ye said: "O Moses! we cannot endure one kind of food (always); so beseech thy Lord for us to produce for us of what the earth groweth, -its pot-herbs, and cucumbers, Its garlic, lentils, and onions." He said: "Will ye exchange the better for the worse? Go ye down to any town, and ye shall find what ye want!" They were covered with humiliation and misery; they drew on themselves the wrath of Allah. This because they went on rejecting the Signs of Allah and slaying His Messengers without just cause. This because they rebelled and went on transgressing.
2:62	Those who believe (in the Qur'an), and those who follow the Jewish (scriptures), and the Christians and the Sabians,- any who believe in Allah and the Last Day, and work righteousness, shall have their reward with their Lord; on them shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve.	Lo! Those who believe (in that which is revealed unto thee, Muhammad), and those who are Jews, and Christians, and Sabaeans - whoever believeth in Allah and the Last Day and doeth right - surely their reward is with their Lord, and there shall no fear come upon them neither shall they grieve.	Surely those who believe, and those who are Jews, and the Christians, and the Sabians, whoever believes in Allah and the Last day and does good, they shall have their reward from their Lord, and there is no fear for them, nor shall they grieve.	Surely they that believe, and those of Jewry, and the Christians, and those Sabaeans, whoso believes in God and the Last Day, and works righteousness -- their wage awaits them with their Lord, and no fear shall be on them; neither shall they sorrow.
2: 63-66	And remember We took your covenant and We raised above you (The towering height) of Mount (Sinai) : (Saying): "Hold firmly to what We have given you and bring (ever) to remembrance what is therein: Perchance ye may fear Allah." But ye turned back thereafter: Had it not been for the Grace and Mercy of Allah to you, ye had surely been among the lost. And well ye knew those amongst you who transgressed in the matter of the Sabbath: We said to them: "Be ye apes, despised and rejected." So We made it an example to their own time and to their posterity, and a lesson to those who fear Allah.
2: 67-73	And remember Moses said to his people: "Allah commands that ye sacrifice a heifer." They said: "Makest thou a laughing-stock of us?" He said: "Allah save me from being an ignorant (fool)!" They said: "Beseech on our behalf Thy Lord to make plain to us what (heifer) it is!" He said; "He says: The heifer should be neither too old nor too young, but of middling age. Now do what ye are commanded!" They said: "Beseech on our behalf Thy Lord to make plain to us Her colour." He said: "He says: A fawn-coloured heifer, pure and rich in tone, the admiration of beholders!" They said: "Beseech on our behalf Thy Lord to make plain to us what she is: To us are all heifers alike: We wish indeed for guidance, if Allah wills." He said: "He says: A heifer not trained to till the soil or water the fields; sound and without blemish." They said: "Now hast thou brought the truth." Then they offered her in sacrifice, but not with good-will. Remember ye slew a man and fell into a dispute among yourselves as to the crime: But Allah was to bring forth what ye did hide. So We said: "Strike the (body) with a piece of the (heifer)." Thus Allah bringeth the dead to life and showeth you His Signs: Perchance ye may understand.
2: 74-79	Thenceforth were your hearts hardened: They became like a rock and even worse in hardness. For among rocks there are some from which rivers gush forth; others there are which when split asunder send forth water; and others which sink for fear of Allah. And Allah is not unmindful of what ye do. Can ye (o ye men of Faith) entertain the hope that they will believe in you?- Seeing that a party of them heard the Word of Allah, and perverted it knowingly after they understood it. Behold! when they meet the men of Faith, they say: "We believe": But when they meet each other in private, they say: "Shall you tell them what Allah hath revealed to you, that they may engage you in argument about it before your Lord?"- Do ye not understand (their aim)? Know they not that Allah knoweth what they conceal and what they reveal? And there are among them illiterates, who know not the Book, but (see therein their own) desires, and they do nothing but conjecture. Then woe to those who write the Book with their own hands, and then say:"This is from Allah," to traffic with it for miserable price!- Woe to them for what their hands do write, and for the gain they make thereby.
2: 80-82	And they say: "The Fire shall not touch us but for a few numbered days:" Say: "Have ye taken a promise from Allah, for He never breaks His promise? or is it that ye say of Allah what ye do not know?" Nay, those who seek gain in evil, and are girt round by their sins,- they are companions of the Fire: Therein shall they abide (For ever). But those who have faith and work righteousness, they are companions of the Garden: Therein shall they abide (For ever).
2: 83-86	And remember We took a covenant from the Children of Israel (to this effect): Worship none but Allah; treat with kindness your parents and kindred, and orphans and those in need; speak fair to the people; be steadfast in prayer; and practise regular charity. Then did ye turn back, except a few among you, and ye backslide (even now). And remember We took your covenant (to this effect): Shed no blood amongst you, nor turn out your own people from your homes: and this ye solemnly ratified, and to this ye can bear witness. After this it is ye, the same people, who slay among yourselves, and banish a party of you from their homes; assist (Their enemies) against them, in guilt and rancour; and if they come to you as captives, ye ransom them, though it was not lawful for you to banish them. Then is it only a part of the Book that ye believe in, and do ye reject the rest? but what is the reward for those among you who behave like this but disgrace in this life?- and on the Day of Judgment they shall be consigned to the most grievous penalty. For Allah is not unmindful of what ye do. These are the people who buy the life of this world at the price of the Hereafter: their penalty shall not be lightened nor shall they be helped.
2:87	We gave Moses the Book and followed him up with a succession of messengers; We gave Jesus the son of Mary Clear (Signs) and strengthened him with the holy spirit. Is it that whenever there comes to you a messenger with what ye yourselves desire not, ye are puffed up with pride?- Some ye called impostors, and others ye slay!
2: 88-92	They say, "Our hearts are the wrappings (which preserve Allah's Word: we need no more)." Nay, Allah's curse is on them for their blasphemy: Little is it they believe. And when there comes to them a Book from Allah, confirming what is with them,- although from of old they had prayed for victory against those without Faith,- when there comes to them that which they (should) have recognised, they refuse to believe in it but the curse of Allah is on those without Faith. Miserable is the price for which they have sold their souls, in that they deny (the revelation) which Allah has sent down, in insolent envy that Allah of His Grace should send it to any of His servants He pleases: Thus have they drawn on themselves Wrath upon Wrath. And humiliating is the punishment of those who reject Faith. When it is said to them, "Believe in what Allah Hath sent down, "they say, "We believe in what was sent down to us:" yet they reject all besides, even if it be Truth confirming what is with them. Say: "Why then have ye slain the prophets of Allah in times gone by, if ye did indeed believe?" There came to you Moses with clear (Signs); yet ye worshipped the calf (Even) after that, and ye did behave wrongfully.
2: 93-96	And remember We took your covenant and We raised above you (the towering height) of Mount (Sinai): (Saying): "Hold firmly to what We have given you, and hearken (to the Law)": They said:" We hear, and we disobey:" And they had to drink into their hearts (of the taint) of the calf because of their Faithlessness. Say: "Vile indeed are the behests of your Faith if ye have any faith!" Say: "If the last Home, with Allah, be for you specially, and not for anyone else, then seek ye for death, if ye are sincere." But they will never seek for death, on account of the (sins) which their hands have sent on before them. and Allah is well-acquainted with the wrong-doers. Thou wilt indeed find them, of all people, most greedy of life,-even more than the idolaters: Each one of them wishes He could be given a life of a thousand years: But the grant of such life will not save him from (due) punishment. For Allah sees well all that they do.
2: 97-99	Say: Whoever is an enemy to Gabriel-for he brings down the (revelation) to thy heart by Allah's will, a confirmation of what went before, and guidance and glad tidings for those who believe, Whoever is an enemy to Allah and His angels and messengers, to Gabriel and Michael,- Lo! Allah is an enemy to those who reject Faith. We have sent down to thee Manifest Signs (ayat); and none reject them but those who are perverse.
2: 100 - 103	Is it not (the case) that every time they make a covenant, some party among them throw it aside?- Nay, Most of them are faithless. And when there came to them a messenger from Allah, confirming what was with them, a party of the people of the Book threw away the Book of Allah behind their backs, as if (it had been something) they did not know! They followed what the evil ones gave out (falsely) against the power of Solomon: the blasphemers Were, not Solomon, but the evil ones, teaching men Magic, and such things as came down at babylon to the angels Harut and Marut. But neither of these taught anyone (Such things) without saying: "We are only for trial; so do not blaspheme." They learned from them the means to sow discord between man and wife. But they could not thus harm anyone except by Allah's permission. And they learned what harmed them, not what profited them. And they knew that the buyers of (magic) would have no share in the happiness of the Hereafter. And vile was the price for which they did sell their souls, if they but knew! If they had kept their Faith and guarded themselves from evil, far better had been the reward from their Lord, if they but knew!
2: 104 - 105	O ye of Faith! Say not (to the Messenger) words of ambiguous import, but words of respect; and hearken (to him): To those without Faith is a grievous punishment. It is never the wish of those without Faith among the People of the Book, nor of the Pagans, that anything good should come down to you from your Lord. But Allah will choose for His special Mercy whom He will - for Allah is Lord of grace abounding.

2:106	None of Our revelations do We abrogate or cause to be forgotten, but We substitute something better or similar: Knowest thou not that Allah Hath power over all things?	Nothing of our revelation (even a single verse) do we abrogate or cause be forgotten, but we bring (in place) one better or the like thereof. Knowest thou not that Allah is Able to do all things?	Whatever communications We abrogate or cause to be forgotten, We bring one better than it or like it. Do you not know that Allah has power over all things?	And for whatever verse We abrogate or cast into oblivion, We bring a better or the like of it; knowest thou not that God is powerful over everything?

2:107	Knowest thou not that to Allah belongeth the dominion of the heavens and the earth? And besides Him ye have neither patron nor helper.
2: 108 - 109	Would ye question your Messenger as Moses was questioned of old? but whoever changeth from Faith to Unbelief, Hath strayed without doubt from the even way. Quite a number of the People of the Book wish they could Turn you (people) back to infidelity after ye have believed, from selfish envy, after the Truth hath become Manifest unto them: But forgive and overlook, Till Allah accomplish His purpose; for Allah Hath power over all things.
2: 110 - 112	And be steadfast in prayer and regular in charity: And whatever good ye send forth for your souls before you, ye shall find it with Allah: for Allah sees Well all that ye do. And they say: "None shall enter Paradise unless he be a Jew or a Christian." Those are their (vain) desires. Say: "Produce your proof if ye are truthful." Nay,-whoever submits His whole self to Allah and is a doer of good,- He will get his reward with his Lord; on such shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve.
2:113	The Jews say: "The Christians have naught (to stand) upon; and the Christians say: "The Jews have naught (To stand) upon." Yet they (Profess to) study the (same) Book. Like unto their word is what those say who know not; but Allah will judge between them in their quarrel on the Day of Judgment.

2: 114 - 117	And who is more unjust than he who forbids that in places for the worship of Allah, Allah's name should be celebrated?-whose zeal is (in fact) to ruin them? It was not fitting that such should themselves enter them except in fear. For them there is nothing but disgrace in this world, and in the world to come, an exceeding torment. To Allah belong the east and the West: Whithersoever ye turn, there is the presence of Allah. For Allah is all-Pervading, all-Knowing. They say: "Allah hath begotten a son" : Glory be to Him.-Nay, to Him belongs all that is in the heavens and on earth: everything renders worship to Him. To Him is due the primal origin of the heavens and the earth: When He decreeth a matter, He saith to it: "Be," and it is.	And who doth greater wrong than he who forbiddeth the approach to the sanctuaries of Allah lest His name should be mentioned therein, and striveth for their ruin. As for such, it was never meant that they should enter them except in fear. Theirs in the world is ignominy and theirs in the Hereafter is an awful doom. Unto Allah belong the East and the West, and whithersoever ye turn, there is Allah's Countenance. Lo! Allah is All-Embracing, All-Knowing. And they say: Allah hath taken unto Himself a son. Be He glorified! Nay, but whatsoever is in the heavens and the earth is His. All are subservient unto Him. The Originator of the heavens and the earth! When He decreeth a thing, He saith unto it only: Be! and it is.	And who is more unjust than he who prevents (men) from the masjids of Allah, that His name should be remembered in them, and strives to ruin them? (As for) these, it was not proper for them that they should have entered them except in fear; they shall meet with disgrace in this world, and they shall have great chastisement in the hereafter. And Allah's is the East and the West, therefore, whither you turn, thither is Allah's purpose; surely Allah is Amplegiving, Knowing. And they say: Allah has taken to himself a son. Glory be to Him; rather, whatever is in the heavens and the earth is His; all are obedient to Him. Wonderful Originator of the heavens and the earth, and when He decrees an affair, He only says to it, Be, so there it is.	And who does greater evil than he who bars God's places of worship, so that His Name be not rehearsed in them, and strives to destroy them? Such men might never enter them, save in fear; for them is degradation in the present world, and in the world to come a mighty chastisement. To God belong the East and the West; whithersoever you turn, there is the Face of God; God is All-embracing, All-knowing. And they say, 'God has taken to Him a son. Glory be to Him! Nay, to Him belongs all that is in the heavens and the earth; all obey His will -- the Creator of the heavens and the earth; and when He decrees a thing, He but says to it 'Be,' and it is.
2: 118 - 119	Say those without knowledge: "Why speaketh not Allah unto us? or why cometh not unto us a Sign?" So said the people before them words of similar import. Their hearts are alike. We have indeed made clear the Signs unto any people who hold firmly to Faith (in their hearts). Verily We have sent thee in truth as a bearer of glad tidings and a warner: But of thee no question shall be asked of the Companions of the Blazing Fire.
2:120	Never will the Jews or the Christians be satisfied with thee unless thou follow their form of religion. Say: "The Guidance of Allah,-that is the (only) Guidance." Wert thou to follow their desires after the knowledge which hath reached thee, then wouldst thou find neither Protector nor helper against Allah.
2: 121 - 124	Those to whom We have sent the Book study it as it should be studied: They are the ones that believe therein: Those who reject faith therein,- the loss is their own. O Children of Israel! call to mind the special favour which I bestowed upon you, and that I preferred you to all others (for My Message). Then guard yourselves against a-Day when one soul shall not avail another, nor shall compensation be accepted from her nor shall intercession profit her nor shall anyone be helped (from outside). And remember that Abraham was tried by his Lord with certain commands, which he fulfilled: He said: "I will make thee an Imam to the Nations." He pleaded: "And also (Imams) from my offspring!" He answered: "But My Promise is not within the reach of evil-doers."
2: 125 - 126	Remember We made the House a place of assembly for men and a place of safety; and take ye the station of Abraham as a place of prayer; and We covenanted with Abraham and Isma'il, that they should sanctify My House for those who compass it round, or use it as a retreat, or bow, or prostrate themselves (therein in prayer). And remember Abraham said: "My Lord, make this a City of Peace, and feed its people with fruits,-such of them as believe in Allah and the Last Day." He said: "(Yea), and such as reject Faith,-for a while will I grant them their pleasure, but will soon drive them to the torment of Fire,- an evil destination (indeed)!"
2: 127 - 132	And remember Abraham and Isma'il raised the foundations of the House (With this prayer): "Our Lord! Accept (this service) from us: For Thou art the All-Hearing, the All-knowing. "Our Lord! make of us Muslims, bowing to Thy (Will), and of our progeny a people Muslim, bowing to Thy (will); and show us our place for the celebration of (due) rites; and turn unto us (in Mercy); for Thou art the Oft-Returning, Most Merciful. "Our Lord! send amongst them a Messenger of their own, who shall rehearse Thy Signs to them and instruct them in scripture and wisdom, and sanctify them: For Thou art the Exalted in Might, the Wise." And who turns away from the religion of Abraham but such as debase their souls with folly? Him We chose and rendered pure in this world: And he will be in the Hereafter in the ranks of the Righteous. Behold! his Lord said to him: "Bow (thy will to Me):" He said: "I bow (my will) to the Lord and Cherisher of the Universe." And this was the legacy that Abraham left to his sons, and so did Jacob; "Oh my sons! Allah hath chosen the Faith for you; then die not except in the Faith of Islam."
2: 133 - 135	Were ye witnesses when death appeared before Jacob? Behold, he said to his sons: "What will ye worship after me?" They said: "We shall worship Thy god and the god of thy fathers, of Abraham, Isma'il and Isaac,- the one (True) Allah: To Him we bow (in Islam)." That was a people that hath passed away. They shall reap the fruit of what they did, and ye of what ye do! Of their merits there is no question in your case! They say: "Become Jews or Christians if ye would be guided (To salvation)." Say thou: "Nay! (I would rather) the Religion of Abraham the True, and he joined not gods with Allah."
2:136	Say ye: "We believe in Allah, and the revelation given to us, and to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, and that given to Moses and Jesus, and that given to (all) prophets from their Lord: We make no difference between one and another of them: And we bow to Allah (in Islam)."
2: 137 - 138	So if they believe as ye believe, they are indeed on the right path; but if they turn back, it is they who are in schism; but Allah will suffice thee as against them, and He is the All-Hearing, the All-Knowing. (Our religion is) the Baptism of Allah: And who can baptize better than Allah? And it is He Whom we worship.
2:139	Say: Will ye dispute with us about Allah, seeing that He is our Lord and your Lord; that we are responsible for our doings and ye for yours; and that We are sincere (in our faith) in Him?

2: 140 - 145	Or do ye say that Abraham, Isma'il Isaac, Jacob and the Tribes were Jews or Christians? Say: Do ye know better than Allah? Ah! who is more unjust than those who conceal the testimony they have from Allah? but Allah is not unmindful of what ye do! That was a people that hath passed away. They shall reap the fruit of what they did, and ye of what ye do! Of their merits there is no question in your case: The fools among the people will say: "What hath turned them from the Qibla to which they were used?" Say: To Allah belong both east and West: He guideth whom He will to a Way that is straight. Thus, have We made of you an Ummat justly balanced, that ye might be witnesses over the nations, and the Messenger a witness over yourselves; and We appointed the Qibla to which thou wast used, only to test those who followed the Messenger from those who would turn on their heels (From the Faith). Indeed it was (A change) momentous, except to those guided by Allah. And never would Allah Make your faith of no effect. For Allah is to all people Most surely full of kindness, Most Merciful. We see the turning of thy face (for guidance to the heavens: now Shall We turn thee to a Qibla that shall please thee. Turn then Thy face in the direction of the sacred Mosque: Wherever ye are, turn your faces in that direction. The people of the Book know well that that is the truth from their Lord. Nor is Allah unmindful of what they do. Even if thou wert to bring to the people of the Book all the Signs (together), they would not follow Thy Qibla; nor art thou going to follow their Qibla; nor indeed will they follow each other's Qibla. If thou after the knowledge hath reached thee, Wert to follow their (vain) desires,-then wert thou Indeed (clearly) in the wrong.	Or say ye that Abraham, and Ishmael, and Isaac, and Jacob, and the tribes were Jews or Christians? Say: Do ye know best, or doth Allah? And who is more unjust than he who hideth a testimony which he hath received from Allah? Allah is not unaware of what ye do. Those are a people who have passed away; theirs is that which they earned and yours that which ye earn. And ye will not be asked of what they used to do. The foolish of the people will say: What hath turned them from the qiblah which they formerly observed? Say: Unto Allah belong the East and the West. He guideth whom He will unto a straight path. Thus We have appointed you a middle nation, that ye may be witnesses against mankind, and that the messenger may be a witness against you. And We appointed the qiblah which ye formerly observed only that We might know him who followeth the messenger, from him who turneth on his heels. In truth it was a hard (test) save for those whom Allah guided. But it was not Allah's purpose that your faith should be in vain, for Allah is Full of Pity, Merciful toward mankind. We have seen the turning of thy face to heaven (for guidance, O Muhammad). And now verily We shall make thee turn (in prayer) toward a qiblah which is dear to thee. So turn thy face toward the Inviolable Place of Worship, and ye (O Muslims), wheresoever ye may be, turn your faces (when ye pray) toward it. Lo! Those who have received the Scripture know that (this revelation) is the Truth from their Lord. And Allah is not unaware of what they do. And even if thou broughtest unto those who have received the Scripture all kinds of portents, they would not follow thy qiblah, nor canst thou be a follower of their qiblah; nor are some of them followers of the qiblah of others. And if thou shouldst follow their desires after the knowledge which hath come unto thee, then surely wert thou of the evil-doers.	Nay! do you say that Ibrahim and Ismail and Yaqoub and the tribes were Jews or Christians? Say: Are you better knowing or Allah? And who is more unjust than he who conceals a testimony that he has from Allah? And Allah is not at all heedless of what you do. This is a people that have passed away; they shall have what they earned and you shall have what you earn, and you shall not be called upon to answer for what they did. The fools among the people will say: What has turned them from their qiblah which they had? Say: The East and the West belong only to Allah; He guides whom He likes to the right path. And thus We have made you a medium (just) nation that you may be the bearers of witness to the people and (that) the Messenger may be a bearer of witness to you; and We did not make that which you would have to be the qiblah but that We might distinguish him who follows the Messenger from him who turns back upon his heels, and this was surely hard except for those whom Allah has guided aright; and Allah was not going to make your faith to be fruitless; most surely Allah is Affectionate, Merciful to the people. Indeed We see the turning of your face to heaven, so We shall surely turn you to a qiblah which you shall like; turn then your face towards the Sacred Mosque, and wherever you are, turn your face towards it, and those who have been given the Book most surely know that it is the truth from their Lord; and Allah is not at all heedless of what they do. And even if you bring to those who have been given the Book every sign they would not follow your qiblah, nor can you be a follower of their qiblah, neither are they the followers of each other's qiblah, and if you follow their desires after the knowledge that has come to you, then you shall most surely be among the unjust.	Or do you say, "Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac and Jacob, and the Tribes -- they were Jews, or they were Christians"?' Say: 'Have you then greater knowledge, or God? And who does greater evil than he who conceals a testimony received from God? And God is not heedless of the things you do.' That is a nation that has passed away; there awaits them that they have earned, and there awaits you that you have earned; you shall not be questioned concerning the things they did. The fools among the people will say, 'What has turned them from the direction they were facing in their prayers aforetime?' Say: "To God belong the East and the West; He guides whomsoever He will to a straight path.' Thus We appointed you a midmost nation that you might be witnesses to the people, and that the Messenger might be a witness to you; and We did not appoint the direction thou wast facing, except that We might know who followed the Messenger from him who turned on his heels -- though it were a grave thing save for those whom God has guided; but God would never leave your faith to waste -- truly, God is All -- gentle with the people, Allcompassionate. We have seen thee turning thy face about in the heaven; now We will surely turn thee to a direction that shall satisfy thee. Turn thy face towards the Holy Mosque; and wherever you are, turn your faces towards it. Those who have been given the Book know it is the truth from their Lord; God is not heedless of the things they do.Yet if thou shouldst bring to those that have been given the Book every sign, they will not follow thy direction; thou art not a follower of their direction, neither are they followers of one another's direction. If thou followest their caprices, after the knowledge that has come to thee, then thou wilt surely be among the evildoers whom We have given the Book
2: 146 - 148	The people of the Book know this as they know their own sons; but some of them conceal the truth which they themselves know. The Truth is from thy Lord; so be not at all in doubt. To each is a goal to which Allah turns him; then strive together (as in a race) Towards all that is good. Wheresoever ye are, Allah will bring you Together. For Allah Hath power over all things.			, and they recognize as they recognize their sons, even though there is a party of them conceal the truth and that wittingly.
2: 149 - 150	From whencesoever Thou startest forth, turn Thy face in the direction of the sacred Mosque; that is indeed the truth from the Lord. And Allah is not unmindful of what ye do. So from whencesoever Thou startest forth, turn Thy face in the direction of the sacred Mosque; and wheresoever ye are, Turn your face thither: that there be no ground of dispute against you among the people, except those of them that are bent on wickedness; so fear them not, but fear Me; and that I may complete My favours on you, and ye May (consent to) be guided;
2: 151 - 153	A similar (favour have ye already received) in that We have sent among you a Messenger of your own, rehearsing to you Our Signs, and sanctifying you, and instructing you in Scripture and Wisdom, and in new knowledge. Then do ye remember Me; I will remember you. Be grateful to Me, and reject not Faith. O ye who believe! seek help with patient perseverance and prayer; for Allah is with those who patiently persevere.
2:154	And say not of those who are slain in the way of Allah: "They are dead." Nay, they are living, though ye perceive (it) not.	And call not those who are slain in the way of Allah "dead." Nay, they are living, only ye perceive not.	And do not speak of those who are slain in Allah's way as dead; nay, (they are) alive, but you do not perceive.	And say not of those slain in God's way, 'They are dead'; rather they are living, but you are not aware.
2: 155 - 157	Be sure we shall test you with something of fear and hunger, some loss in goods or lives or the fruits (of your toil), but give glad tidings to those who patiently persevere, Who say, when afflicted with calamity: "To Allah We belong, and to Him is our return":- They are those on whom (Descend) blessings from Allah, and Mercy, and they are the ones that receive guidance.
2: 158 - 160	Behold! Safa and Marwa are among the Symbols of Allah. So if those who visit the House in the Season or at other times, should compass them round, it is no sin in them. And if any one obeyeth his own impulse to good,- be sure that Allah is He Who recogniseth and knoweth. Those who conceal the clear (Signs) We have sent down, and the Guidance, after We have made it clear for the people in the Book,-on them shall be Allah's curse, and the curse of those entitled to curse, Except those who repent and make amends and openly declare (the Truth): To them I turn; for I am Oft-returning, Most Merciful.	Lo! (the mountains) As-Safa and Al-Marwah are among the indications of Allah. It is therefore no sin for him who is on pilgrimage to the House (of Allah) or visiteth it, to go around them (as the pagan custom is). And he who doeth good of his own accord, (for him) lo! Allah is Responsive, Aware. Lo! Those who hide the proofs and the guidance which We revealed, after We had made it clear to mankind in the Scripture: such are accursed of Allah and accursed of those who have the power to curse. Except those who repent and amend and make manifest (the truth).These it is toward whom I relent. I am the Relenting, the Merciful.	Surely the Safa and the Marwa are among the signs appointed by Allah; so whoever makes a pilgrimage to the House or pays a visit (to it), there is no blame on him if he goes round them both; and whoever does good spontaneously, then surely Allah is Grateful, Knowing. Surely those who conceal the clear proofs and the guidance that We revealed after We made it clear in the Book for men, these it is whom Allah shall curse, and those who curse shall curse them (too). Except those who repent and amend and make manifest (the truth), these it is to whom I turn (mercifully); and I am the Oft-returning (to mercy), the Merciful.	Safa and Marwa are among the waymarks of God; so whosoever makes the Pilgrimage to the House, or the Visitation, it is no fault in him to circumambulate them; and whoso volunteers good, God is All-grateful, All-knowing Those who conceal the clear signs and the guidance that We have sent down, after We have shown them clearly in the Book -- they shall be cursed by God and the cursers, save such as repent and make amends, and show clearly -- towards them I shall turn; I turn, All-compassionate.
2: 161 - 163	Those who reject Faith, and die rejecting,- on them is Allah's curse, and the curse of angels, and of all mankind; They will abide therein: Their penalty will not be lightened, nor will respite be their (lot). And your Allah is One Allah: There is no god but He, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
2: 164 - 167	Behold! in the creation of the heavens and the earth; in the alternation of the night and the day; in the sailing of the ships through the ocean for the profit of mankind; in the rain which Allah Sends down from the skies, and the life which He gives therewith to an earth that is dead; in the beasts of all kinds that He scatters through the earth; in the change of the winds, and the clouds which they Trail like their slaves between the sky and the earth;- (Here) indeed are Signs for a people that are wise. Yet there are men who take (for worship) others besides Allah, as equal (with Allah): They love them as they should love Allah. But those of Faith are overflowing in their love for Allah. If only the unrighteous could see, behold, they would see the penalty: that to Allah belongs all power, and Allah will strongly enforce the penalty. Then would those who are followed clear themselves of those who follow (them) : They would see the penalty, and all relations between them would be cut off. And those who followed would say: "If only We had one more chance, We would clear ourselves of them, as they have cleared themselves of us." Thus will Allah show them (The fruits of) their deeds as (nothing but) regrets. Nor will there be a way for them out of the Fire.
2: 168 - 171	O ye people! Eat of what is on earth, Lawful and good; and do not follow the footsteps of the evil one, for he is to you an avowed enemy. For he commands you what is evil and shameful, and that ye should say of Allah that of which ye have no knowledge. When it is said to them: "Follow what Allah hath revealed:" They say: "Nay! we shall follow the ways of our fathers." What! even though their fathers Were void of wisdom and guidance? The parable of those who reject Faith is as if one were to shout Like a goat-herd, to things that listen to nothing but calls and cries: Deaf, dumb, and blind, they are void of wisdom.
2: 172 - 173	O ye who believe! Eat of the good things that We have provided for you, and be grateful to Allah, if it is Him ye worship. He hath only forbidden you dead meat, and blood, and the flesh of swine, and that on which any other name hath been invoked besides that of Allah. But if one is forced by necessity, without wilful disobedience, nor transgressing due limits,- then is he guiltless. For Allah is Oft-forgiving Most Merciful.
2: 174 - 177	Those who conceal Allah's revelations in the Book, and purchase for them a miserable profit,- they swallow into themselves naught but Fire; Allah will not address them on the Day of Resurrection. Nor purify them: Grievous will be their penalty. They are the ones who buy Error in place of Guidance and Torment in place of Forgiveness. Ah! what boldness (They show) for the Fire! (Their doom is) because Allah sent down the Book in truth but those who seek causes of dispute in the Book are in a schism Far (from the purpose). It is not righteousness that ye turn your faces Towards east or West; but it is righteousness- to believe in Allah and the Last Day, and the Angels, and the Book, and the Messengers; to spend of your substance, out of love for Him, for your kin, for orphans, for the needy, for the wayfarer, for those who ask, and for the ransom of slaves; to be steadfast in prayer, and practice regular charity; to fulfil the contracts which ye have made; and to be firm and patient, in pain (or suffering) and adversity, and throughout all periods of panic. Such are the people of truth, the Allah-fearing.
2: 178 - 179	O ye who believe! the law of equality is prescribed to you in cases of murder: the free for the free, the slave for the slave, the woman for the woman. But if any remission is made by the brother of the slain, then grant any reasonable demand, and compensate him with handsome gratitude, this is a concession and a Mercy from your Lord. After this whoever exceeds the limits shall be in grave penalty. In the Law of Equality there is (saving of) Life to you, o ye men of understanding; that ye may restrain yourselves.
2: 180 - 182	It is prescribed, when death approaches any of you, if he leave any goods that he make a bequest to parents and next of kin, according to reasonable usage; this is due from the Allah-fearing. If anyone changes the bequest after hearing it, the guilt shall be on those who make the change. For Allah hears and knows (All things). But if anyone fears partiality or wrong-doing on the part of the testator, and makes peace between (The parties concerned), there is no wrong in him: For Allah is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.
2: 183 - 187	O ye who believe! Fasting is prescribed to you as it was prescribed to those before you, that ye may (learn) self-restraint, (Fasting) for a fixed number of days; but if any of you is ill, or on a journey, the prescribed number (Should be made up) from days later. For those who can do it (With hardship), is a ransom, the feeding of one that is indigent. But he that will give more, of his own free will,- it is better for him. And it is better for you that ye fast, if ye only knew. Ramadhan is the (month) in which was sent down the Qur'an, as a guide to mankind, also clear (Signs) for guidance and judgment (Between right and wrong). So every one of you who is present (at his home) during that month should spend it in fasting, but if any one is ill, or on a journey, the prescribed period (Should be made up) by days later. Allah intends every facility for you; He does not want to put to difficulties. (He wants you) to complete the prescribed period, and to glorify Him in that He has guided you; and perchance ye shall be grateful. When My servants ask thee concerning Me, I am indeed close (to them): I listen to the prayer of every suppliant when he calleth on Me: Let them also, with a will, Listen to My call, and believe in Me: That they may walk in the right way. Permitted to you, on the night of the fasts, is the approach to your wives. They are your garments and ye are their garments. Allah knoweth what ye used to do secretly among yourselves; but He turned to you and forgave you; so now associate with them, and seek what Allah Hath ordained for you, and eat and drink, until the white thread of dawn appear to you distinct from its black thread; then complete your fast Till the night appears; but do not associate with your wives while ye are in retreat in the mosques. Those are Limits (set by) Allah: Approach not nigh thereto. Thus doth Allah make clear His Signs to men: that they may learn self-restraint.
2: 188 - 189	And do not eat up your property among yourselves for vanities, nor use it as bait for the judges, with intent that ye may eat up wrongfully and knowingly a little of (other) people's property. They ask thee concerning the New Moons. Say: They are but signs to mark fixed periods of time in (the affairs of) men, and for Pilgrimage. It is no virtue if ye enter your houses from the back: It is virtue if ye fear Allah. Enter houses through the proper doors: And fear Allah: That ye may prosper.
2: 190 - 193	Fight in the cause of Allah those who fight you, but do not transgress limits; for Allah loveth not transgressors. And slay them wherever ye catch them, and turn them out from where they have Turned you out; for tumult and oppression are worse than slaughter; but fight them not at the Sacred Mosque, unless they (first) fight you there; but if they fight you, slay them. Such is the reward of those who suppress faith. But if they cease, Allah is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful. And fight them on until there is no more Tumult or oppression, and there prevail justice and faith in Allah; but if they cease, Let there be no hostility except to those who practise oppression.	Fight in the way of Allah against those who fight against you, but begin not hostilities. Lo! Allah loveth not aggressors. And slay them wherever ye find them, and drive them out of the places whence they drove you out, for persecution is worse than slaughter. And fight not with them at the Inviolable Place of Worship until they first attack you there, but if they attack you (there) then slay them. Such is the reward of disbelievers. But if they desist, then lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. And fight them until persecution is no more, and religion is for Allah. But if they desist, then let there be no hostility except against wrong-doers.	And fight in the way of Allah with those who fight with you, and do not exceed the limits, surely Allah does not love those who exceed the limits. And kill them wherever you find them, and drive them out from whence they drove you out, and persecution is severer than slaughter, and do not fight with them at the Sacred Mosque until they fight with you in it, but if they do fight you, then slay them; such is the recompense of the unbelievers. But if they desist, then surely Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. And fight with them until there is no persecution, and religion should be only for Allah, but if they desist, then there should be no hostility except against the oppressors.	And fight in the way of God with those; who fight with you, but aggress not: God loves not the aggressors. And slay them wherever you come upon them, and expel them from where they expelled you; persecution is more grievous than slaying. But fight them not by the Holy Mosque until they should fight you there; then, if they fight you, slay them -- such is the recompense of unbelievers -- but if they give over, surely God is All-forgiving, All-compassionate. Fight them, till there is no persecution and the religion is God's; then if they give over, there shall be no enmity save for evildoers.
2: 194 - 195	The prohibited month for the prohibited month,- and so for all things prohibited,- there is the law of equality. If then any one transgresses the prohibition against you, Transgress ye likewise against him. But fear Allah, and know that Allah is with those who restrain themselves. And spend of your substance in the cause of Allah, and make not your own hands contribute to (your) destruction; but do good; for Allah loveth those who do good.
2: 196 - 199	And complete the Hajj or 'umra in the service of Allah. But if ye are prevented (From completing it), send an offering for sacrifice, such as ye may find, and do not shave your heads until the offering reaches the place of sacrifice. And if any of you is ill, or has an ailment in his scalp, (Necessitating shaving), (He should) in compensation either fast, or feed the poor, or offer sacrifice; and when ye are in peaceful conditions (again), if any one wishes to continue the 'umra on to the hajj, He must make an offering, such as he can afford, but if he cannot afford it, He should fast three days during the hajj and seven days on his return, Making ten days in all. This is for those whose household is not in (the precincts of) the Sacred Mosque. And fear Allah, and know that Allah Is strict in punishment. For Hajj are the months well known. If any one undertakes that duty therein, Let there be no obscenity, nor wickedness, nor wrangling in the Hajj. And whatever good ye do, (be sure) Allah knoweth it. And take a provision (With you) for the journey, but the best of provisions is right conduct. So fear Me, o ye that are wise. It is no crime in you if ye seek of the bounty of your Lord (during pilgrimage). Then when ye pour down from (Mount) Arafat, celebrate the praises of Allah at the Sacred Monument, and celebrate His praises as He has directed you, even though, before this, ye went astray. Then pass on at a quick pace from the place whence it is usual for the multitude so to do, and ask for Allah's forgiveness. For Allah is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.
2: 200 - 203	So when ye have accomplished your holy rites, celebrate the praises of Allah, as ye used to celebrate the praises of your fathers,- yea, with far more Heart and soul. There are men who say: "Our Lord! Give us (Thy bounties) in this world!" but they will have no portion in the Hereafter. And there are men who say: "Our Lord! Give us good in this world and good in the Hereafter, and defend us from the torment of the Fire!" To these will be allotted what they have earned; and Allah is quick in account. Celebrate the praises of Allah during the Appointed Days. But if any one hastens to leave in two days, there is no blame on him, and if any one stays on, there is no blame on him, if his aim is to do right. Then fear Allah, and know that ye will surely be gathered unto Him.
2: 204 - 210	There is the type of man whose speech about this world's life May dazzle thee, and he calls Allah to witness about what is in his heart; yet is he the most contentious of enemies. When he turns his back, His aim everywhere is to spread mischief through the earth and destroy crops and cattle. But Allah loveth not mischief. When it is said to him, "Fear Allah", He is led by arrogance to (more) crime. Enough for him is Hell;-An evil bed indeed (To lie on)! And there is the type of man who gives his life to earn the pleasure of Allah: And Allah is full of kindness to (His) devotees. O ye who believe! Enter into Islam whole-heartedly; and follow not the footsteps of the evil one; for he is to you an avowed enemy. If ye backslide after the clear (Signs) have come to you, then know that Allah is Exalted in Power, Wise. Will they wait until Allah comes to them in canopies of clouds, with angels (in His train) and the question is (thus) settled? but to Allah do all questions go back (for decision).
2: 211 - 213	Ask the Children of Israel how many clear (Signs) We have sent them. But if any one, after Allah's favour has come to him, substitutes (something else), Allah is strict in punishment. The life of this world is alluring to those who reject faith, and they scoff at those who believe. But the righteous will be above them on the Day of Resurrection; for Allah bestows His abundance without measure on whom He will. Mankind was one single nation, and Allah sent Messengers with glad tidings and warnings; and with them He sent the Book in truth, to judge between people in matters wherein they differed; but the People of the Book, after the clear Signs came to them, did not differ among themselves, except through selfish contumacy. Allah by His Grace Guided the believers to the Truth, concerning that wherein they differed. For Allah guided whom He will to a path that is straight.
2: 214 - 215	Or do ye think that ye shall enter the Garden (of bliss) without such (trials) as came to those who passed away before you? they encountered suffering and adversity, and were so shaken in spirit that even the Messenger and those of faith who were with him cried: "When (will come) the help of Allah?" Ah! Verily, the help of Allah is (always) near! They ask thee what they should spend (In charity). Say: Whatever ye spend that is good, is for parents and kindred and orphans and those in want and for wayfarers. And whatever ye do that is good, -Allah knoweth it well.
2: 216 - 218	Fighting is prescribed for you, and ye dislike it. But it is possible that ye dislike a thing which is good for you, and that ye love a thing which is bad for you. But Allah knoweth, and ye know not. They ask thee concerning fighting in the Prohibited Month. Say: "Fighting therein is a grave (offence); but graver is it in the sight of Allah to prevent access to the path of Allah, to deny Him, to prevent access to the Sacred Mosque, and drive out its members." Tumult and oppression are worse than slaughter. Nor will they cease fighting you until they turn you back from your faith if they can. And if any of you Turn back from their faith and die in unbelief, their works will bear no fruit in this life and in the Hereafter; they will be companions of the Fire and will abide therein. Those who believed and those who suffered exile and fought (and strove and struggled) in the path of Allah,- they have the hope of the Mercy of Allah: And Allah is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful.	Warfare is ordained for you, though it is hateful unto you; but it may happen that ye hate a thing which is good for you, and it may happen that ye love a thing which is bad for you. Allah knoweth, ye know not. They question thee (O Muhammad) with regard to warfare in the sacred month. Say: Warfare therein is a great (transgression), but to turn (men) from the way of Allah, and to disbelieve in Him and in the Inviolable Place of Worship, and to expel His people thence, is a greater sin with Allah; for persecution is worse than killing. And they will not cease from fighting against you till they have made you renegades from your religion, if they can. And whoso becometh a renegade and dieth in his disbelief: such are they whose works have fallen both in the world and the Hereafter. Such are rightful owners of the Fire: they will abide therein. Lo! those who believe, and those who emigrate (to escape the persecution) and strive in the way of Allah, these have hope of Allah's mercy. Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.	Fighting is enjoined on you, and it is an object of dislike to you; and it may be that you dislike a thing while it is good for you, and it may be that you love a thing while it is evil for you, and Allah knows, while you do not know. They ask you concerning the sacred month about fighting in it. Say: Fighting in it is a grave matter, and hindering (men) from Allah's way and denying Him, and (hindering men from) the Sacred Mosque and turning its people out of it, are still graver with Allah, and persecution is graver than slaughter; and they will not cease fighting with you until they turn you back from your religion, if they can; and whoever of you turns back from his religion, then he dies while an unbeliever— these it is whose works shall go for nothing in this world and the hereafter, and they are the inmates of the fire; therein they shall abide. Surely those who believed and those who fled (their home) and strove hard in the way of Allah these hope for the mercy of Allah and Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.	Prescribed for you is fighting, though it be hateful to you. Yet it may happen that you will hate a thing which is better for you; and it may happen that you will love a thing which is worse for you; God knows, and you know not. They will question thee concerning the holy month, and fighting in it. Say: 'Fighting in it is a heinous thing, but to bar from God's way, and disbelief in Him, and the Holy Mosque, and to expel its people from it -- that is more heinous in God's sight; and persecution is more heinous than slaying.' They will not cease to fight with you, till they turn you from your religion, if they are able; and whosoever of you turns from his religion, and dies disbelieving -- their works have failed in this world and the next; those are the inhabitants of the Fire; therein they shall dwell forever. But the believers, and those who emigrate and struggle in God's way -- those have hope of God's compassion; and God is All-forgiving, All-compassionate.
2: 219 - 220	They ask thee concerning wine and gambling. Say: "In them is great sin, and some profit, for men; but the sin is greater than the profit." They ask thee how much they are to spend; Say: "What is beyond your needs." Thus doth Allah Make clear to you His Signs: In order that ye may consider- (Their bearings) on this life and the Hereafter. They ask thee concerning orphans. Say: "The best thing to do is what is for their good; if ye mix their affairs with yours, they are your brethren; but Allah knows the man who means mischief from the man who means good. And if Allah had wished, He could have put you into difficulties: He is indeed Exalted in Power, Wise."
2:221	Do not marry unbelieving women (idolaters), until they believe: A slave woman who believes is better than an unbelieving woman, even though she allures you. Nor marry (your girls) to unbelievers until they believe: A man slave who believes is better than an unbeliever, even though he allures you. Unbelievers do (but) beckon you to the Fire. But Allah beckons by His Grace to the Garden (of bliss) and forgiveness, and makes His Signs clear to mankind: That they may celebrate His praise.	Wed not idolatresses till they believe; for lo! a believing bondwoman is better than an idolatress though she please you; and give not your daughters in marriage to idolaters till they believe, for lo! a believing slave is better than an idolater though he please you. These invite unto the Fire, and Allah inviteth unto the Garden, and unto forgiveness by His grace, and expoundeth His revelations to mankind that haply they may remember.	And do not marry the idolatresses until they believe, and certainly a believing maid is better than an idolatress woman, even though she should please you; and do not give (believing women) in marriage to idolaters until they believe, and certainly a believing servant is better than an idolater, even though he should please you; these invite to the fire, and Allah invites to the garden and to forgiveness by His will, and makes clear His communications to men, that they may be mindful.	Do not marry idolatresses, until they believe; a believing slavegirl is better than an idolatress, though you may admire her. And do not marry idolaters, until they believe. A believing slave is better than an idolater, though you may admire him. Those call unto the Fire; and God calls unto Paradise, and pardon, by His leave, and He makes clear His signs to the people; haply they will remember.
2: 222 - 223	They ask thee concerning women's courses. Say: They are a hurt and a pollution: So keep away from women in their courses, and do not approach them until they are clean. But when they have purified themselves, ye may approach them in any manner, time, or place ordained for you by Allah. For Allah loves those who turn to Him constantly and He loves those who keep themselves pure and clean. Your wives are as a tilth unto you; so approach your tilth when or how ye will; but do some good act for your souls beforehand; and fear Allah. And know that ye are to meet Him (in the Hereafter), and give (these) good tidings to those who believe.	They question thee (O Muhammad) concerning menstruation. Say: It is an illness, so let women alone at such times and go not in unto them till they are cleansed. And when they have purified themselves, then go in unto them as Allah hath enjoined upon you. Truly Allah loveth those who turn unto Him, and loveth those who have a care for cleanness. Your women are a tilth for you (to cultivate) so go to your tilth as ye will, and send (good deeds) before you for your souls, and fear Allah, and know that ye will (one day) meet Him. Give glad tidings to believers, (O Muhammad).	And they ask you about menstruation. Say: It is a discomfort; therefore keep aloof from the women during the menstrual discharge and do not go near them until they have become clean; then when they have cleansed themselves, go in to them as Allah has commanded you; surely Allah loves those who turn much (to Him), and He loves those who purify themselves. Your wives are a tilth for you, so go into your tilth when you like, and do good beforehand for yourselves, and be careful (of your duty) to Allah, and know that you will meet Him, and give good news to the believers.	They will question thee concerning the monthly course. Say: 'It is hurt; so go apart from women during the monthly course, and do not approach them till they are clean. When they have cleansed themselves, then come unto them as God has commanded you.' Truly, God loves those who repent, and He loves those who cleanse themselves. Your women are a tillage for you; so come unto your tillage as you wish, and forward for your souls; and fear God, and know that you shall meet Him. Give thou good tidings to the believers.
2: 224 - 225	And make not Allah's (name) an excuse in your oaths against doing good, or acting rightly, or making peace between persons; for Allah is One Who heareth and knoweth all things. Allah will not call you to account for thoughtlessness in your oaths, but for the intention in your hearts; and He is Oft-forgiving, Most Forbearing.

2: 226 - 232	For those who take an oath for abstention from their wives, a waiting for four months is ordained; if then they return, Allah is Oft-forgiving, Most Merciful. But if their intention is firm for divorce, Allah heareth and knoweth all things. Divorced women shall wait concerning themselves for three monthly periods. Nor is it lawful for them to hide what Allah Hath created in their wombs, if they have faith in Allah and the Last Day. And their husbands have the better right to take them back in that period, if they wish for reconciliation. And women shall have rights similar to the rights against them, according to what is equitable; but men have a degree (of advantage) over them. And Allah is Exalted in Power, Wise. A divorce is only permissible twice: after that, the parties should either hold Together on equitable terms, or separate with kindness. It is not lawful for you, (Men), to take back any of your gifts (from your wives), except when both parties fear that they would be unable to keep the limits ordained by Allah. If ye (judges) do indeed fear that they would be unable to keep the limits ordained by Allah, there is no blame on either of them if she give something for her freedom. These are the limits ordained by Allah; so do not transgress them if any do transgress the limits ordained by Allah, such persons wrong (Themselves as well as others). So if a husband divorces his wife (irrevocably), He cannot, after that, re-marry her until after she has married another husband and He has divorced her. In that case there is no blame on either of them if they re-unite, provided they feel that they can keep the limits ordained by Allah. Such are the limits ordained by Allah, which He makes plain to those who understand. When ye divorce women, and they fulfil the term of their ('Iddat), either take them back on equitable terms or set them free on equitable terms; but do not take them back to injure them, (or) to take undue advantage; if any one does that; He wrongs his own soul. Do not treat Allah's Signs as a jest, but solemnly rehearse Allah's favours on you, and the fact that He sent down to you the Book and Wisdom, for your instruction. And fear Allah, and know that Allah is well acquainted with all things. When ye divorce women, and they fulfil the term of their ('Iddat), do not prevent them from marrying their (former) husbands, if they mutually agree on equitable terms. This instruction is for all amongst you, who believe in Allah and the Last Day. That is (the course Making for) most virtue and purity amongst you and Allah knows, and ye know not.	Those who forswear their wives must wait four months; then, if they change their mind, lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. And if they decide upon divorce (let them remember that) Allah is Hearer, Knower. Women who are divorced shall wait, keeping themselves apart, three (monthly) courses. And it is not lawful for them that they should conceal that which Allah hath created in their wombs if they are believers in Allah and the Last Day. And their husbands would do better to take them back in that case if they desire a reconciliation. And they (women) have rights similar to those (of men) over them in kindness, and men are a degree above them. Allah is Mighty, Wise. Divorce must be pronounced twice and then (a woman) must be retained in honour or released in kindness. And it is not lawful for you that ye take from women aught of that which ye have given them; except (in the case) when both fear that they may not be able to keep within the limits (imposed by) Allah. And if ye fear that they may not be able to keep the limits of Allah, in that case it is no sin for either of them if the woman ransom herself. These are the limits (imposed by) Allah. Transgress them not. For whoso transgresseth Allah's limits: such are wrong-doers. And if he hath divorced her (the third time), then she is not lawful unto him thereafter until she hath wedded another husband. Then if he (the other husband) divorce her it is no sin for both of them that they come together again if they consider that they are able to observe the limits of Allah. These are the limits of Allah. He manifesteth them for people who have knowledge. When ye have divorced women, and they have reached their term, then retain them in kindness or release them in kindness. Retain them not to their hurt so that ye transgress (the limits). He who doeth that hath wronged his soul. Make not the revelations of Allah a laughing-stock (by your behaviour), but remember Allah's grace upon you and that which He hath revealed unto you of the Scripture and of wisdom, whereby He doth exhort you. Observe your duty to Allah and know that Allah is Aware of all things. And when ye have divorced women and they reach their term, place not difficulties in the way of their marrying their husbands if it is agreed between them in kindness. This is an admonition for him among you who believeth in Allah and the Last Day. That is more virtuous for you, and cleaner. Allah knoweth; ye know not.	Those who swear that they will not go in to their wives should wait four months; so if they go back, then Allah is surely Forgiving, Merciful. And if they have resolved on a divorce, then Allah is surely Hearing, Knowing. And the divorced women should keep themselves in waiting for three courses; and it is not lawful for them that they should conceal what Allah has created in their wombs, if they believe in Allah and the last day; and their husbands have a better right to take them back in the meanwhile if they wish for reconciliation; and they have rights similar to those against them in a just manner, and the men are a degree above them, and Allah is Mighty, Wise. Divorce may be (pronounced) twice, then keep (them) in good fellowship or let (them) go with kindness; and it is not lawful for you to take any part of what you have given them, unless both fear that they cannot keep within the limits of Allah; then if you fear that they cannot keep within the limits of Allah, there is no blame on them for what she gives up to become free thereby. These are the limits of Allah, so do not exceed them and whoever exceeds the limits of Allah these it is that are the unjust. So if he divorces her she shall not be lawful to him afterwards until she marries another husband; then if he divorces her there is no blame on them both if they return to each other (by marriage), if they think that they can keep within the limits of Allah, and these are the limits of Allah which He makes clear for a people who know. And when you divorce women and they reach their prescribed time, then either retain them in good fellowship or set them free with liberality, and do not retain them for injury, so that you exceed the limits, and whoever does this, he indeed is unjust to his own soul; and do not take Allah's communications for a mockery, and remember the favor of Allah upon you, and that which He has revealed to you of the Book and the Wisdom, admonishing you thereby; and be careful (of your duty to) Allah, and know that Allah is the Knower of all things. And when you have divorced women and they have ended— their term (of waiting), then do not prevent them from marrying their husbands when they agree among themselves in a lawful manner; with this is admonished he among you who believes in Allah and the last day, this is more profitable and purer for you; and Allah knows while you do not know.
2: 233 - 237	The mothers shall give such to their offspring for two whole years, if the father desires to complete the term. But he shall bear the cost of their food and clothing on equitable terms. No soul shall have a burden laid on it greater than it can bear. No mother shall be Treated unfairly on account of her child. Nor father on account of his child, an heir shall be chargeable in the same way. If they both decide on weaning, by mutual consent, and after due consultation, there is no blame on them. If ye decide on a foster-mother for your offspring, there is no blame on you, provided ye pay (the mother) what ye offered, on equitable terms. But fear Allah and know that Allah sees well what ye do. If any of you die and leave widows behind, they shall wait concerning themselves four months and ten days: When they have fulfilled their term, there is no blame on you if they dispose of themselves in a just and reasonable manner. And Allah is well acquainted with what ye do. There is no blame on you if ye make an offer of betrothal or hold it in your hearts. Allah knows that ye cherish them in your hearts: But do not make a secret contract with them except in terms Honourable, nor resolve on the tie of marriage till the term prescribed is fulfilled. And know that Allah Knoweth what is in your hearts, and take heed of Him; and know that Allah is Oft-forgiving, Most Forbearing. There is no blame on you if ye divorce women before consummation or the fixation of their dower; but bestow on them (A suitable gift), the wealthy according to his means, and the poor according to his means;- A gift of a reasonable amount is due from those who wish to do the right thing. And if ye divorce them before consummation, but after the fixation of a dower for them, then the half of the dower (Is due to them), unless they remit it or (the man's half) is remitted by him in whose hands is the marriage tie; and the remission (of the man's half) is the nearest to righteousness. And do not forget Liberality between yourselves. For Allah sees well all that ye do.	Mothers shall suckle their children for two whole years; (that is) for those who wish to complete the suckling. The duty of feeding and clothing nursing mothers in a seemly manner is upon the father of the child. No-one should be charged beyond his capacity. A mother should not be made to suffer because of her child, nor should he to whom the child is born (be made to suffer) because of his child. And on the (father's) heir is incumbent the like of that (which was incumbent on the father). If they desire to wean the child by mutual consent and (after) consultation, it is no sin for them; and if ye wish to give your children out to nurse, it is no sin for you, provide that ye pay what is due from you in kindness. Observe your duty to Allah, and know that Allah is Seer of what ye do. Such of you as die and leave behind them wives, they (the wives) shall wait, keeping themselves apart, four months and ten days. And when they reach the term (prescribed for them) then there is no sin for you in aught that they may do with themselves in decency. Allah is informed of what ye do. There is no sin for you in that which ye proclaim or hide in your minds concerning your troth with women. Allah knoweth that ye will remember them. But plight not your troth with women except by uttering a recognised form of words. And do not consummate the marriage until (the term) prescribed is run. Know that Allah knoweth what is in your minds, so beware of Him; and know that Allah is Forgiving, Clement. It is no sin for you if ye divorce women while yet ye have not touched them, nor appointed unto them a portion. Provide for them, the rich according to his means, and the straitened according to his means, a fair provision. (This is) a bounden duty for those who do good. If ye divorce them before ye have touched them and ye have appointed unto them a portion, then (pay the) half of that which ye appointed, unless they (the women) agree to forgo it, or he agreeth to forgo it in whose hand is the marriage tie. To forgo is nearer to piety. And forget not kindness among yourselves. Allah is Seer of what ye do.	And the mothers should suckle their children for two whole years for him who desires to make complete the time of suckling; and their maintenance and their clothing must be— borne by the father according to usage; no soul shall have imposed upon it a duty but to the extent of its capacity; neither shall a mother be made to suffer harm on account of her child, nor a father on account of his child, and a similar duty (devolves) on the (father's) heir, but if both desire weaning by mutual consent and counsel, there is no blame on them, and if you wish to engage a wet-nurse for your children, there is no blame on you so long as you pay what you promised for according to usage; and be careful of (your duty to) Allah and know that Allah sees what you do. And (as for) those of you who die and leave wives behind, they should keep themselves in waiting for four months and ten days; then when they have fully attained their term, there is no blame on you for what they do for themselves in a lawful manner; and Allah is aware of what you do. And there is no blame on you respecting that which you speak indirectly in the asking of (such) women in marriage or keep (the proposal) concealed within your minds; Allah knows that you will mention them, but do not give them a promise in secret unless you speak in a lawful manner, and do not confirm the marriage tie until the writing is fulfilled, and know that Allah knows what is in your minds, therefore beware of Him, and know that Allah is Forgiving, Forbearing. There is no blame on you if you divorce women when you have not touched them or appointed for them a portion, and make provision for them, the wealthy according to his means and the straitened in circumstances according to his means, a provision according to usage; (this is) a duty on the doers of good (to others). And if you divorce them before you have touched them and you have appointed for them a portion, then (pay to them) half of what you have appointed, unless they relinquish or he should relinquish in whose hand is the marriage tie; and it is nearer to righteousness that you should relinquish; and do not neglect the giving of free gifts between you; surely Allah sees what you do.
2: 238 - 239	Guard strictly your (habit of) prayers, especially the Middle Prayer; and stand before Allah in a devout (frame of mind). If ye fear (an enemy), pray on foot, or riding, (as may be most convenient), but when ye are in security, celebrate Allah's praises in the manner He has taught you, which ye knew not (before).
2: 240 - 242	Those of you who die and leave widows should bequeath for their widows a year's maintenance and residence; but if they leave (The residence), there is no blame on you for what they do with themselves, provided it is reasonable. And Allah is Exalted in Power, Wise. For divorced women Maintenance (should be provided) on a reasonable (scale). This is a duty on the righteous. Thus doth Allah Make clear His Signs to you: In order that ye may understand.
2:243	Didst thou not Turn by vision to those who abandoned their homes, though they were thousands (In number), for fear of death? Allah said to them: "Die": Then He restored them to life. For Allah is full of bounty to mankind, but Most of them are ungrateful.
2:244	Then fight in the cause of Allah, and know that Allah Heareth and knoweth all things.	Fight in the way of Allah, and know that Allah is Hearer, Knower.	And fight in the way of Allah, and know that Allah is Hearing, Knowing.	So fight in God's way, and know that God is All-hearing, All-knowing.
2: 245 - 246	Who is he that will loan to Allah a beautiful loan, which Allah will double unto his credit and multiply many times? It is Allah that giveth (you) Want or plenty, and to Him shall be your return. Hast thou not Turned thy vision to the Chiefs of the Children of Israel after (the time of) Moses? they said to a prophet (That was) among them: "Appoint for us a king, that we May fight in the cause of Allah." He said: "Is it not possible, if ye were commanded to fight, that that ye will not fight?" They said: "How could we refuse to fight in the cause of Allah, seeing that we were turned out of our homes and our families?" but when they were commanded to fight, they turned back, except a small band among them. But Allah Has full knowledge of those who do wrong.
2:247	Their Prophet said to them: "Allah hath appointed Talut as king over you." They said: "How can he exercise authority over us when we are better fitted than he to exercise authority, and he is not even gifted, with wealth in abundance?" He said: "Allah hath Chosen him above you, and hath gifted him abundantly with knowledge and bodily prowess: Allah Granteth His authority to whom He pleaseth. Allah careth for all, and He knoweth all things."
2:248	And (further) their Prophet said to them: "A Sign of his authority is that there shall come to you the Ark of the covenant, with (an assurance) therein of security from your Lord, and the relics left by the family of Moses and the family of Aaron, carried by angels. In this is a symbol for you if ye indeed have faith."
2: 249 - 251	When Talut set forth with the armies, he said: "Allah will test you at the stream: if any drinks of its water, He goes not with my army: Only those who taste not of it go with me: A mere sip out of the hand is excused." but they all drank of it, except a few. When they crossed the river,- He and the faithful ones with him,- they said: "This day We cannot cope with Goliath and his forces." but those who were convinced that they must meet Allah, said: "How oft, by Allah's will, Hath a small force vanquished a big one? Allah is with those who steadfastly persevere." When they advanced to meet Goliath and his forces, they prayed: "Our Lord! Pour out constancy on us and make our steps firm: Help us against those that reject faith." By Allah's will they routed them; and David slew Goliath; and Allah gave him power and wisdom and taught him whatever (else) He willed. And did not Allah Check one set of people by means of another, the earth would indeed be full of mischief: But Allah is full of bounty to all the worlds.
2: 252 - 253	These are the Signs of Allah: we rehearse them to thee in truth: verily Thou art one of the messengers. Those messengers We endowed with gifts, some above others: To one of them Allah spoke; others He raised to degrees (of honour); to Jesus the son of Mary We gave clear (Signs), and strengthened him with the holy spirit. If Allah had so willed, succeeding generations would not have fought among each other, after clear (Signs) had come to them, but they (chose) to wrangle, some believing and others rejecting. If Allah had so willed, they would not have fought each other; but Allah Fulfilleth His plan.
2: 254 - 255	O ye who believe! Spend out of (the bounties) We have provided for you, before the Day comes when no bargaining (Will avail), nor friendship nor intercession. Those who reject Faith they are the wrong-doers. Allah! There is no god but He,-the Living, the Self-subsisting, Eternal. No slumber can seize Him nor sleep. His are all things in the heavens and on earth. Who is there can intercede in His presence except as He permitteth? He knoweth what (appeareth to His creatures as) before or after or behind them. Nor shall they compass aught of His knowledge except as He willeth. His Throne doth extend over the heavens and the earth, and He feeleth no fatigue in guarding and preserving them for He is the Most High, the Supreme (in glory).
2:256	Let there be no compulsion in religion: Truth stands out clear from Error: whoever rejects evil and believes in Allah hath grasped the most trustworthy hand-hold, that never breaks. And Allah heareth and knoweth all things.	There is no compulsion in religion. The right direction is henceforth distinct from error. And he who rejecteth false deities and believeth in Allah hath grasped a firm handhold which will never break. Allah is Hearer, Knower.	There is no compulsion in religion; truly the right way has become clearly distinct from error; therefore, whoever disbelieves in the Shaitan and believes in Allah he indeed has laid hold on the firmest handle, which shall not break off, and Allah is Hearing, Knowing.	No compulsion is there in religion. Rectitude has become clear from error. So whosoever disbelieves in idols and believes in God, has laid hold of the most firm handle, unbreaking; God is All-hearing, All-knowing.
2:257	Allah is the Protector of those who have faith: from the depths of darkness He will lead them forth into light. Of those who reject faith the patrons are the evil ones: from light they will lead them forth into the depths of darkness. They will be companions of the fire, to dwell therein (For ever).	Allah is the Protecting Guardian of those who believe. He bringeth them out of darkness into light. As for those who disbelieve, their patrons are false deities. They bring them out of light into darkness. Such are rightful owners of the Fire. They will abide therein.	Allah is the guardian of those who believe. He brings them out of the darkness into the light; and (as to) those who disbelieve, their guardians are Shaitans who take them out of the light into the darkness; they are the inmates of the fire, in it they shall abide.	God is the Protector of the believers; He brings them forth from the shadows into the light. And the unbelievers -- their protectors are idols, that bring them forth from the light into the shadows; those are the inhabitants of the Fire, therein dwelling forever.
2: 258 - 260	Hast thou not Turned thy vision to one who disputed with Abraham About his Lord, because Allah had granted him power? Abraham said: "My Lord is He Who Giveth life and death." He said: "I give life and death". Said Abraham: "But it is Allah that causeth the sun to rise from the east: Do thou then cause him to rise from the West." Thus was he confounded who (in arrogance) rejected faith. Nor doth Allah Give guidance to a people unjust. Or (take) the similitude of one who passed by a hamlet, all in ruins to its roofs. He said: "Oh! how shall Allah bring it (ever) to life, after (this) its death?" but Allah caused him to die for a hundred years, then raised him up (again). He said: "How long didst thou tarry (thus)?" He said: (Perhaps) a day or part of a day." He said: "Nay, thou hast tarried thus a hundred years; but look at thy food and thy drink; they show no signs of age; and look at thy donkey: And that We may make of thee a sign unto the people, Look further at the bones, how We bring them together and clothe them with flesh." When this was shown clearly to him, he said: "I know that Allah hath power over all things." When Abraham said: "Show me, Lord, how You will raise the dead, " He replied: "Have you no faith?" He said "Yes, but just to reassure my heart." Allah said, "Take four birds, draw them to you, and cut their bodies to pieces. Scatter them over the mountain-tops, then call them back. They will come swiftly to you. Know that Allah is Mighty, Wise."
2: 261 - 265	The parable of those who spend their substance in the way of Allah is that of a grain of corn: it groweth seven ears, and each ear Hath a hundred grains. Allah giveth manifold increase to whom He pleaseth: And Allah careth for all and He knoweth all things. Those who spend their substance in the cause of Allah, and follow not up their gifts with reminders of their generosity or with injury,-for them their reward is with their Lord: on them shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve. Kind words and the covering of faults are better than charity followed by injury. Allah is free of all wants, and He is Most-Forbearing. O ye who believe! cancel not your charity by reminders of your generosity or by injury,- like those who spend their substance to be seen of men, but believe neither in Allah nor in the Last Day. They are in parable like a hard, barren rock, on which is a little soil: on it falls heavy rain, which leaves it (Just) a bare stone. They will be able to do nothing with aught they have earned. And Allah guideth not those who reject faith. And the likeness of those who spend their substance, seeking to please Allah and to strengthen their souls, is as a garden, high and fertile: heavy rain falls on it but makes it yield a double increase of harvest, and if it receives not Heavy rain, light moisture sufficeth it. Allah seeth well whatever ye do.
2: 266 - 268	Does any of you wish that he should have a garden with date-palms and vines and streams flowing underneath, and all kinds of fruit, while he is stricken with old age, and his children are not strong (enough to look after themselves)- that it should be caught in a whirlwind, with fire therein, and be burnt up? Thus doth Allah make clear to you (His) Signs; that ye may consider. O ye who believe! Give of the good things which ye have (honourably) earned, and of the fruits of the earth which We have produced for you, and do not even aim at getting anything which is bad, in order that out of it ye may give away something, when ye yourselves would not receive it except with closed eyes. And know that Allah is Free of all wants, and worthy of all praise. The Evil one threatens you with poverty and bids you to conduct unseemly. Allah promiseth you His forgiveness and bounties. And Allah careth for all and He knoweth all things.
2: 269 - 271	He granteth wisdom to whom He pleaseth; and he to whom wisdom is granted receiveth indeed a benefit overflowing; but none will grasp the Message but men of understanding. And whatever ye spend in charity or devotion, be sure Allah knows it all. But the wrong-doers have no helpers. If ye disclose (acts of) charity, even so it is well, but if ye conceal them, and make them reach those (really) in need, that is best for you: It will remove from you some of your (stains of) evil. And Allah is well acquainted with what ye do.
	[Regarding man's eternal predestination in Muhammad's scheme, see also Verses 2:212-213, Verse 10:100, Verses 11:118-119,Verses 13:31 and 13:33, Verse 14:4, and Verses 76:27-31.
2:272	It is not required of thee (O Messenger), to set them on the right path, but Allah sets on the right path whom He pleaseth. Whatever of good ye give benefits your own souls, and ye shall only do so seeking the "Face" of Allah. Whatever good ye give, shall be rendered back to you, and ye shall not Be dealt with unjustly.	The guiding of them is not thy duty (O Muhammad), but Allah guideth whom He will. And whatsoever good thing ye spend, it is for yourselves, when ye spend not save in search of Allah's Countenance; and whatsoever good thing ye spend, it will be repaid to you in full, and ye will not be wronged.	To make them walk in the right way is not incumbent on you, but Allah guides aright whom He pleases; and whatever good thing you spend, it is to your own good; and you do not spend but to seek Allah's pleasure; and whatever good things you spend shall be paid back to you in full, and you shall not be wronged.	Thou art not responsible for guiding them; but God guides whomsoever He will. And whatever good you expend is for yourselves, for then you are expending, being desirous only of God's Face; and whatever good you expend shall be repaid to you in full, and you will not be wronged,
2: 273 - 274	(Charity is) for those in need, who, in Allah's cause are restricted (from travel), and cannot move about in the land, seeking (For trade or work): the ignorant man thinks, because of their modesty, that they are free from want. Thou shalt know them by their (Unfailing) mark: They beg not importunately from all the sundry. And whatever of good ye give, be assured Allah knoweth it well. Those who (in charity) spend of their goods by night and by day, in secret and in public, have their reward with their Lord: on them shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve.
2: 275 - 281	Those who devour usury will not stand except as stand one whom the Evil one by his touch Hath driven to madness. That is because they say: "Trade is like usury," but Allah hath permitted trade and forbidden usury. Those who after receiving direction from their Lord, desist, shall be pardoned for the past; their case is for Allah (to judge); but those who repeat (The offence) are companions of the Fire: They will abide therein (for ever). Allah will deprive usury of all blessing, but will give increase for deeds of charity: For He loveth not creatures ungrateful and wicked. Those who believe, and do deeds of righteousness, and establish regular prayers and regular charity, will have their reward with their Lord: on them shall be no fear, nor shall they grieve. O ye who believe! Fear Allah, and give up what remains of your demand for usury, if ye are indeed believers. If ye do it not, Take notice of war from Allah and His Messenger: But if ye turn back, ye shall have your capital sums: Deal not unjustly, and ye shall not be dealt with unjustly. If the debtor is in a difficulty, grant him time Till it is easy for him to repay. But if ye remit it by way of charity, that is best for you if ye only knew. let there be postponement until (he is in) ease; and that you remit (it) as alms is better for you, if you knew. And fear the Day when ye shall be brought back to Allah. Then shall every soul be paid what it earned, and none shall be dealt with unjustly.	Those who swallow usury cannot rise up save as he ariseth whom the devil hath prostrated by (his) touch. That is because they say: Trade is just like usury; whereas Allah permitteth trading and forbiddeth usury. He unto whom an admonition from his Lord cometh, and (he) refraineth (in obedience thereto), he shall keep (the profits of) that which is past, and his affair (henceforth) is with Allah. As for him who returneth (to usury) - Such are rightful owners of the Fire. They will abide therein. Allah hath blighted usury and made almsgiving fruitful. Allah loveth not the impious and guilty. Lo! those who believe and do good works and establish worship and pay the poor-due, their reward is with their Lord and there shall no fear come upon them neither shall they grieve. O ye who believe! Observe your duty to Allah, and give up what remaineth (due to you) from usury, if ye are (in truth) believers. And if ye do not, then be warned of war (against you) from Allah and His messenger. And if ye repent, then ye have your principal (without interest). Wrong not, and ye shall not be wronged. And if the debtor is in straitened circumstances, then (let there be) postponement to (the time of) ease; and that ye remit the debt as almsgiving would be better for you if ye did but know. And guard yourselves against a day in which ye will be brought back to Allah. Then every soul will be paid in full that which it hath earned, and they will not be wronged.	Those who swallow down usury cannot arise except as one whom Shaitan has prostrated by (his) touch does rise. That is because they say, trading is only like usury; and Allah has allowed trading and forbidden usury. To whomsoever then the admonition has come from his Lord, then he desists, he shall have what has already passed, and his affair is in the hands of Allah; and whoever returns (to it)— these arc the inmates of the fire; they shall abide in it. Allah does not bless usury, and He causes charitable deeds to prosper, and Allah does not love any ungrateful sinner. Surely they who believe and do good deeds and keep up prayer and pay the poor-rate they shall have their reward from their Lord, and they shall have no fear, nor shall they grieve. O you who believe! Be careful of (your duty to) Allah and relinquish what remains (due) from usury, if you are believers. But if you do (it) not, then be apprised of war from Allah and His Messenger; and if you repent, then you shall have your capital; neither shall you make (the debtor) suffer loss, nor shall you be made to suffer loss. And if (the debtor) is in straitness, then let there be postponement until (he is in) ease; and that you remit (it) as alms is better for you, if you knew. And guard yourselves against a day in which you shall be returned to Allah; then every soul shall be paid back in full what it has earned, and they shall not be dealt with unjustly.	Those who devour usury shall not rise again except as he rises, whom Satan of the touch prostrates; that is because they say, 'Trafficking (trade) is like usury.' God has permitted trafficking, and forbidden usury. Whosoever receives an admonition from his Lord and gives over, he shall have his past gains, and his affair is committed to God; but whosoever reverts - those are the inhabitants of the Fire, therein dwelling forever. God blots out usury, but freewill offerings He augments with interest. God loves not any guilty ingrate. Those who believe and do deeds of righteousness, and perform the prayer, and pay the alms - their wage awaits them with their Lord, and no fear shall be on them, neither shall they sorrow. O believers, fear you God; and give up the usury that is outstanding, if you are believers. But if you do not, then take notice that God shall war with you, and His Messenger; yet if you repent, you shall have your principal, unwronging and unwronged. And if any man should be in difficulties, let him have respite till things are easier; but that you should give freewill offerings is better for you, did you but know. And fear a day wherein you shall be returned to God, and every soul shall be paid in full what it has earned; and they shall not be wronged.
2:282	O ye who believe! When ye deal with each other, in transactions involving future obligations in a fixed period of time, reduce them to writing Let a scribe write down faithfully as between the parties: let not the scribe refuse to write: as Allah Has taught him, so let him write. Let him who incurs the liability dictate, but let him fear His Lord Allah, and not diminish aught of what he owes. If they party liable is mentally deficient, or weak, or unable Himself to dictate, Let his guardian dictate faithfully, and get two witnesses, out of your own men, and if there are not two men, then a man and two women, such as ye choose, for witnesses, so that if one of them errs, the other can remind her. The witnesses should not refuse when they are called on (For evidence). Disdain not to reduce to writing (your contract) for a future period, whether it be small or big: it is juster in the sight of Allah, More suitable as evidence, and more convenient to prevent doubts among yourselves but if it be a transaction which ye carry out on the spot among yourselves, there is no blame on you if ye reduce it not to writing. But take witness whenever ye make a commercial contract; and let neither scribe nor witness suffer harm. If ye do (such harm), it would be wickedness in you. So fear Allah; For it is Good that teaches you. And Allah is well acquainted with all things.	O ye who believe! When ye contract a debt for a fixed term, record it in writing. Let a scribe record it in writing between you in (terms of) equity. No scribe should refuse to write as Allah hath taught him, so let him write, and let him who incurreth the debt dictate, and let him observe his duty to Allah his Lord, and diminish naught thereof. But if he who oweth the debt is of low understanding, or weak, or unable himself to dictate, then let the guardian of his interests dictate in (terms of) equity. And call to witness, from among your men, two witnesses. And if two men be not (at hand) then a man and two women, of such as ye approve as witnesses, so that if the one erreth (through forgetfulness) the other will remember. And the witnesses must not refuse when they are summoned. Be not averse to writing down (the contract) whether it be small or great, with (record of) the term thereof. That is more equitable in the sight of Allah and more sure for testimony, and the best way of avoiding doubt between you; save only in the case when it is actual merchandise which ye transfer among yourselves from hand to hand. In that case it is no sin for you if ye write it not. And have witnesses when ye sell one to another, and let no harm be done to scribe or witness. If ye do (harm to them) lo! it is a sin in you. Observe your duty to Allah. Allah is teaching you. And Allah is knower of all things.	O you who believe! when you deal with each other in contracting a debt for a fixed time, then write it down; and let a scribe write it down between you with fairness; and the scribe should not refuse to write as Allah has taught him, so he should write; and let him who owes the debt dictate, and he should be careful of (his duty to) Allah, his Lord, and not diminish anything from it; but if he who owes the debt is unsound in understanding, or weak, or (if) he is not able to dictate himself, let his guardian dictate with fairness; and call in to witness from among your men two witnesses; but if there are not two men, then one man and two women from among those whom you choose to be witnesses, so that if one of the two errs, the second of the two may remind the other; and the witnesses should not refuse when they are summoned; and be not averse to writing it (whether it is) small or large, with the time of its falling due; this is more equitable in the sight of Allah and assures greater accuracy in testimony, and the nearest (way) that you may not entertain doubts (afterwards), except when it is ready merchandise which you give and take among yourselves from hand to hand, then there is no blame on you in not writing it down; and have witnesses when you barter with one another, and let no harm be done to the scribe or to the witness; and if you do (it) then surely it will be a transgression in you, and be careful of (your duty) to Allah, Allah teaches you, and Allah knows all things.	O believers, when you contract a debt one upon another for a stated term, write it down, and let a writer write it down between you justly, and let not any writer refuse to write it down, as God has taught him; so let him write, and let the debtor dictate, and let him fear God his Lord and not diminish aught of it. And if the debtor be a fool, or weak, or unable to dictate himself, then let his guardian dictate justly. And call in to witness two witnesses, men; or if the two be not men, then one man and two women, such witnesses as you approve of, that if one of the two women errs the other will remind her; and let the witnesses not refuse, whenever they are summoned. And be not loth to write it down, whether it be small or great, with its term; that is more equitable in God's sight, more upright for testimony, and likelier that you will not be in doubt. Unless it be merchandise present that you give and take between you; then it shall be no fault in you if you do not write it down. And take witnesses when you are trafficking one with another. And let not either writer or witness be pressed; or if you do, that is ungodliness in you. And fear God; God teaches you, and God has knowledge of everything.
2:283	If ye are on a journey, and cannot find a scribe, a pledge with possession (may serve the purpose). And if one of you deposits a thing on trust with another, Let the trustee (Faithfully) discharge His trust, and let him fear his Lord. Conceal not evidence; for whoever conceals it,- His heart is tainted with sin. And Allah Knoweth all that ye do.	If ye be on a journey and cannot find a scribe, then a pledge in hand (shall suffice). And if one of you entrusteth to another let him who is trusted deliver up that which is entrusted to him (according to the pact between them) and let him observe his duty to Allah his Lord. Hide not testimony. He who hideth it, verily his heart is sinful. Allah is Aware of what ye do.	And if you are upon a journey and you do not find a scribe, then (there may be) a security taken into possession; but if one of you trusts another, then he who is trusted should deliver his trust, and let him be careful (of his duty to) Allah, his Lord; and do not conceal testimony, and whoever conceals it, his heart is surely sinful; and Allah knows what you do.	And if you are upon a journey, and you do not find a writer, then a pledge in hand. But if one of you trusts another, let him who is trusted deliver his trust, and let him fear God his Lord. And do not conceal the testimony; whoso conceals it, his heart is sinful; and God has knowledge of the things you do.
2: 284 - 286	To Allah belongeth all that is in the heavens and on earth. Whether ye show what is in your minds or conceal it, Allah Calleth you to account for it. He forgiveth whom He pleaseth, and punisheth whom He pleaseth, for Allah hath power over all things. The Messenger believeth in what hath been revealed to him from his Lord, as do the men of faith. Each one (of them) believeth in Allah, His angels, His books, and His messengers. "We make no distinction (they say) between one and another of His messengers." And they say: "We hear, and we obey: (We seek) Thy forgiveness, our Lord, and to Thee is the end of all journeys." On no soul doth Allah Place a burden greater than it can bear. It gets every good that it earns, and it suffers every ill that it earns. (Pray:) "Our Lord! Condemn us not if we forget or fall into error; our Lord! Lay not on us a burden Like that which Thou didst lay on those before us; Our Lord! Lay not on us a burden greater than we have strength to bear. Blot out our sins, and grant us forgiveness. Have mercy on us. Thou art our Protector; Help us against those who stand against faith."	Unto Allah (belongeth) whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth; and whether ye make known what is in your minds or hide it, Allah will bring you to account for it. He will forgive whom He will and He will punish whom He will. Allah is Able to do all things. The messenger believeth in that which hath been revealed unto him from his Lord and (so do) believers. Each one believeth in Allah and His angels and His scriptures and His messengers - We make no distinction between any of His messengers - and they say: We hear, and we obey. (Grant us) Thy forgiveness, our Lord. Unto Thee is the journeying. Allah tasketh not a soul beyond its scope. For it (is only) that which it hath earned, and against it (only) that which it hath deserved. Our Lord! Condemn us not if we forget, or miss the mark! Our Lord! Lay not on us such a burden as thou didst lay on those before us! Our Lord! Impose not on us that which we have not the strength to bear! Pardon us, absolve us and have mercy on us, Thou, our Protector, and give us victory over the disbelieving folk.	Whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth is Allah's; and whether you manifest what is in your minds or hide it, Allah will call you to account according to it; then He will forgive whom He pleases and chastise whom He pleases, and Allah has power over all things. The messenger believes in what has been revealed to him from his Lord, and (so do) the believers; they all believe in Allah and His angels and His books and His messengers; We make no difference between any of His messengers; and they say: We hear and obey, our Lord! Thy forgiveness (do we crave), and to Thee is the eventual course. Allah does not impose upon any soul a duty but to the extent of its ability; for it is (the benefit of) what it has earned and upon it (the evil of) what it has wrought: Our Lord! do not punish us if we forget or make a mistake; Our Lord! do not lay on us a burden as Thou didst lay on those before us, Our Lord do not impose upon us that which we have not the strength to bear; and pardon us and grant us protection and have mercy on us, Thou art our Patron, so help us against the unbelieving people.	To God belongs all that is in the heavers and earth. Whether you publish what is in your hearts or hide it, God shall make reckoning with you for it. He will forgive whom He will, and chastise whom He will; God is powerful over everything. The Messenger believes in what was sent down to him from his Lord, and the believers; each one believes in God and His angels, and in His Books and His Messengers; we make no division between any one of His Messengers. They say, 'We hear, and obey. Our Lord, grant us Thy forgiveness; unto Thee is the homecoming.' God charges no soul save to its capacity; standing to its account is what it has earned, and against its account what it has merited. Our Lord, take us not to task if we forget, or make mistake. Our Lord; charge us not with a load such as Thou didst lay upon those before us. Our Lord, do Thou not burden us beyond what we have the strength to bear. And pardon us, and forgive us, and have mercy on us; Thou art our Protector. And help us against the people of the unbelievers.


3	from Medina	Surah Al-i-Imran — "The Family of Imran" — the Third Chapter of the Qur'an, one of the later, and longer, chapters of the Qur'an, with 200 verses.
	Chronologically, the 89th Sura of the Qur'an.
		Given the Quranic injunctions against lying, which both unschooled non-Muslims (including most Catholic clergy and nearly all political leaders in European Christendom) and also purposedly deceptive Muslims will frequently cite, Verse 3:28 is of special importance in understanding the overall Quranic scheme: Lying is evil if and only if done to other Muslims. Deception, and its near kin false friendship, utilized against non-Muslims are explicitly countenanced in the undisputed chief text of Islam, the Qur'an itself. At 3:14 we see a list of things the early 7th century nomads of the Arabian deserts wanted.

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.
3:1-4	Alif Lam Mim. Allah! There is no god but He,-the Living, the Self-Subsisting, Eternal. It is He Who sent down to thee (step by step), in truth, the Book, confirming what went before it; and He sent down the Law (of Moses) and the Gospel (of Jesus) before this, as a guide to mankind, and He sent down the criterion (of judgment between right and wrong). Then those who reject Faith in the Signs of Allah will suffer the severest penalty, and Allah is Exalted in Might, Lord of Retribution.	Alim. Lam. Mim. Allah! There is no God save Him, the Alive, the Eternal. He hath revealed unto thee (Muhammad) the Scripture with truth, confirming that which was (revealed) before it, even as He revealed the Torah and the Gospel. Aforetime, for a guidance to mankind; and hath revealed the Criterion (of right and wrong). Lo! those who disbelieve the revelations of Allah, theirs will be a heavy doom. Allah is Mighty, Able to Requite (the wrong).	Alif Lam Mim. Allah, (there is) no god but He, the Everliving, the Self-subsisting by Whom all things subsist. He has revealed to you the Book with truth, verifying that which is before it, and He revealed the Tavrat and the Injeel aforetime, a guidance for the people, and He sent the Furqan. Surely they who disbelieve in the communications of Allah they shall have a severe chastisement; and Allah is Mighty, the Lord of retribution.	Alif Lam Mim God, there is no god but He, the Living, the Everlasting. He has sent down upon thee the Book with the truth, confirming what was before it, and He sent down the Torah and the Gospel aforetime, as guidance to the people, and He sent down the Salvation. As for those who disbelieve in God's signs, for them awaits a terrible chastisement; God is All-mighty, Vengeful.
3:5-6	From Allah, verily nothing is hidden on earth or in the heavens. He it is Who shapes you in the wombs as He pleases. There is no god but He, the Exalted in Might, the Wise.	Lo! nothing in the earth or in the heavens is hidden from Allah. He it is Who fashioneth you in the wombs as pleaseth Him. There is no Allah save Him, the Almighty, the Wise.	Allah— surely nothing is hidden from Him in the earth or in the heaven. He it is Who shapes you in the wombs as He likes; there is no god but He, the Mighty, the Wise.	From God nothing whatever is hidden in heaven and earth. It is He who forms you in the womb as He will. There is no god but He, the All-mighty, the All-wise.
3:7	He it is Who has sent down to thee the Book: In it are verses basic or fundamental (of established meaning); they are the foundation of the Book: others are allegorical. But those in whose hearts is perversity follow the part thereof that is allegorical, seeking discord, and searching for its hidden meanings, but no one knows its hidden meanings except Allah. And those who are firmly grounded in knowledge say: "We believe in the Book; the whole of it is from our Lord:" and none will grasp the Message except men of understanding.	He it is Who hath revealed unto thee (Muhammad) the Scripture wherein are clear revelations - they are the substance of the Book - and others (which are) allegorical. But those in whose hearts is doubt pursue, forsooth, that which is allegorical seeking (to cause) dissension by seeking to explain it. None knoweth its explanation save Allah. And those who are of sound instruction say: We believe therein; the whole is from our Lord; but only men of understanding really heed.	He it is Who has revealed the Book to you; some of its verses are decisive, they are the basis of the Book, and others are allegorical; then as for those in whose hearts there is perversity they follow the part of it which is allegorical, seeking to mislead and seeking to give it (their own) interpretation, but none knows its interpretation except Allah, and those who are firmly rooted in knowledge say: We believe in it, it is all from our Lord; and none do mind except those having understanding.	It is He who sent down upon thee the Book, wherein are verses clear that are the Essence of the Book, and others ambiguous. As for those in whose hearts is swerving, they follow the ambiguous part, desiring dissension, and desiring its interpretation; and none knows its interpretation, save only God. And those firmly rooted in knowledge say, 'We believe in it; all is from our Lord'; yet none remembers, but men possessed of minds.
3: 8 - 12	"Our Lord!" (they say), "Let not our hearts deviate now after Thou hast guided us, but grant us mercy from Thine own Presence; for Thou art the Grantor of bounties without measure. "Our Lord! Thou art He that will gather mankind Together against a day about which there is no doubt; for Allah never fails in His promise." Those who reject Faith,- neither their possessions nor their (numerous) progeny will avail them aught against Allah: They are themselves but fuel for the Fire. (Their plight will be) no better than that of the people of Pharaoh, and their predecessors: They denied our Signs, and Allah called them to account for their sins. For Allah is strict in punishment. Say to those who reject Faith: "Soon will ye be vanquished and gathered together to Hell,-an evil bed indeed (to lie on)!	Our Lord! Cause not our hearts to stray after Thou hast guided us, and bestow upon us mercy from Thy Presence. Lo! Thou, only Thou, art the Bestower. Our Lord! Lo! it is Thou Who gatherest mankind together to a Day of which there is no doubt. Lo! Allah faileth not to keep the tryst. (On that Day) neither the riches nor the progeny of those who disbelieve will aught avail them with Allah. They will be fuel for Fire. Like Pharaoh's folk and those who were before them, they disbelieved Our revelations and so Allah seized them for their sins. And Allah is severe in punishment. Say (O Muhammad) unto those who disbelieve: Ye shall be overcome and gathered unto Hell, an evil resting-place.	Our Lord! make not our hearts to deviate after Thou hast guided us aright, and grant us from Thee mercy; surely Thou art the most liberal Giver. Our Lord! surely Thou art the Gatherer of men on a day about which there is no doubt; surely Allah will not fail (His) promise. (As for) those who disbelieve, surely neither their wealth nor their children shall avail them in the least against Allah, and these it is who are the fuel of the fire. Like the striving of the people of Firon and those before them; they rejected Our communications, so Allah destroyed them on account of their faults; and Allah is severe in requiting (evil). Say to those who disbelieve: You shall be vanquished, and driven together to hell; and evil is the resting-place.	Our Lord, make not our hearts to swerve after that Thou hast guided us; and give us mercy from Thee; Thou art the Giver. Our Lord, it is Thou that shall gather mankind for a day whereon is no doubt; verily God will not fail the tryst. As for the unbelievers, their riches will not avail them, neither their children, aught against God; those -- they shall be fuel for the Fire like Pharaoh's folk, and the people before them, who cried lies to Our signs; God seized them because of their sins; God is terrible in retribution. Say to the unbelievers: 'You shall be overthrown, and mustered into Gehenna -- an evil cradling!'
3:13	"There has already been for you a Sign in the two armies that met (in combat): One was fighting in the cause of Allah, the other resisting Allah; these saw with their own eyes Twice their number. But Allah doth support with His aid whom He pleaseth. In this is a warning for such as have eyes to see."	There was a token for you in two hosts which met: one army fighting in the way of Allah, and another disbelieving, whom they saw as twice their number, clearly, with their very eyes. Thus Allah strengtheneth with His succour whom He will. Lo! herein verily is a lesson for those who have eyes.	Indeed there was a sign for you in the two hosts (which) met together in encounter; one party fighting in the way of Allah and the other unbelieving, whom they saw twice as many as themselves with the sight of the eye and Allah strengthens with His aid whom He pleases; most surely there is a lesson in this for those who have sight.	There has already been a sign for you in the two companies that encountered, one company fighting in the way of God and another unbelieving; they saw them twice the like of them, as the eye sees, but God confirms with His help whom He will. Surely in that is a lesson for men possessed of eyes.
3:14	Fair in the eyes of men is the love of things they covet: Women and sons; Heaped-up hoards of gold and silver; horses branded (for blood and excellence); and (wealth of) cattle and well-tilled land. Such are the possessions of this world's life; but in nearness to Allah is the best of the goals (To return to).	Beautified for mankind is love of the joys (that come) from women and offspring; and stored-up heaps of gold and silver, and horses branded (with their mark), and cattle and land. That is comfort of the life of the world. Allah! With Him is a more excellent abode.	The love of desires, of women and sons and hoarded treasures of gold and silver and well bred horses and cattle and tilth, is made to seem fair to men; this is the provision of the life of this world; and Allah is He with Whom is the good goal (of life).	Decked out fair to men is the love of lusts -- women, children, heaped-up heaps of gold and silver, horses of mark, cattle and tillage. That is the enjoyment of the present life; but God -- with Him is the fairest resort.




3:28	Let not the believers Take for friends or helpers Unbelievers rather than believers: if any do that, in nothing will there be help from Allah: except by way of precaution, that ye may Guard yourselves from them. But Allah cautions you (To remember) Himself; for the final goal is to Allah.	Let not the believers take disbelievers for their friends in preference to believers. Whoso doeth that hath no connection with Allah unless (it be) that ye but guard yourselves against them, taking (as it were) security. Allah biddeth you beware (only) of Himself. Unto Allah is the journeying.	Let not the believers take the unbelievers for friends rather than believers; and whoever does this, he shall have nothing of (the guardianship of) Allah, but you should guard yourselves against them, guarding carefully; and Allah makes you cautious of (retribution from) Himself; and to Allah is the eventual coming.	Let not the believers take the unbelievers for friends, rather than the believers -- for whoso does that belongs not to God in anything -- unless you have a fear of them. God warns you that You beware of Him, and unto God is the homecoming.



























3: 198 - 200	On the other hand, for those who fear their Lord, are Gardens, with rivers flowing beneath; therein are they to dwell (for ever),- a gift from the presence of Allah; and that which is in the presence of Allah is the best (bliss) for the righteous. And there are, certainly, among the People of the Book, those who believe in Allah, in the revelation to you, and in the revelation to them, bowing in humility to Allah: They will not sell the Signs of Allah for a miserable gain! For them is a reward with their Lord, and Allah is swift in account. O ye who believe! Persevere in patience and constancy; vie in such perseverance; strengthen each other; and fear Allah; that ye may prosper.	But those who keep their duty to their Lord, for them are Gardens underneath which rivers flow, wherein they will be safe for ever. A gift of welcome from their Lord. That which Allah hath in store is better for the righteous. And lo! of the People of the Scripture there are some who believe in Allah and that which is revealed unto you and that which was revealed unto them, humbling themselves before Allah. They purchase not a trifling gain at the price of the revelations of Allah. Verily their reward is with their Lord. Lo! Allah is swift to take account. O ye who believe! Endure, outdo all others in endurance, be ready, and observe your duty to Allah, in order that ye may succeed.	But as to those who are careful of (their duty to) their Lord, they shall have gardens beneath which rivers flow, abiding in them; an entertainment from their Lord, and that which is with Allah is best for the righteous. And most surely of the followers of the Book there are those who believe in Allah and (in) that which has been revealed to you and (in) that which has been revealed to them, being lowly before Allah; they do not take a small price for the communications of Allah; these it is that have their reward with their Lord; surely Allah is quick in reckoning. O you who believe! be patient and excel in patience and remain steadfast, and be careful of (your duty to) Allah, that you may be successful.	But those who fear their Lord - for them shall be gardens underneath which rivers flow, therein dwelling forever -- a hospitality God Himself offers; and that which is with God is better for the pious. And some there are of the People of the Book who believe in God, and what has been sent down unto you, and what has been sent down unto them, men humble to God, not selling the signs of God for a small price; those -- their wage is with their Lord; God is swift at the reckoning. O believers, be patient, and vie you in patience; be steadfast; fear God; haply so you will prosper.


4	from Medina	Surah An-Nisa — "The Women" — the Fourth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, with 176 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 92nd Sura of the Qur'an.
		Sexual chastiy in the Christian sense, complete avoidance of adultery and fornication, is utterly alien in Islam. Of course polygamy itself — mandated at Verse 4:3 — is dehumanizing for the women in these "marriages," but there are numerous Quranic verses, expanded in the Haddith, which mean that men are by no means limited to having sex with their (up to four) wives. Verse 4:24 is one such verse, according to which "god" and "his messenger," Muhammad, tell us that captive women, "whom the right hands of Muslim men possess," can be had, i.e., raped, at will. A daughter's inheritance is half that of a son's (Verse 4:11). Men are superior to women and are free to scourage them Verse 4:34. At Verse 4:157 one finds Muhammad's denial of The Crucifixion, and with the absurd addition that Christ only appeared to die. .

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


4:1-2	O mankind! reverence your Guardian-Lord, who created you from a single person, created, of like nature, His mate, and from them twain scattered (like seeds) countless men and women;- reverence Allah, through whom ye demand your mutual (rights), and (reverence) the wombs (That bore you): for Allah ever watches over you. To orphans restore their property (When they reach their age), nor substitute (your) worthless things for (their) good ones; and devour not their substance (by mixing it up) with your own. For this is indeed a great sin.	O mankind! Be careful of your duty to your Lord Who created you from a single soul and from it created its mate and from them twain hath spread abroad a multitude of men and women. Be careful of your duty toward Allah in Whom ye claim (your rights) of one another, and toward the wombs (that bare you). Lo! Allah hath been a watcher over you. Give unto orphans their wealth. Exchange not the good for the bad (in your management thereof) nor absorb their wealth into your own wealth. Lo! that would be a great sin.	O people! be careful of (your duty to) your Lord, Who created you from a single being and created its mate of the same (kind) and spread from these two, many men and women; and be careful of (your duty to) Allah, by Whom you demand one of another (your rights), and (to) the ties of relationship; surely Allah ever watches over you. And give to the orphans their property, and do not substitute worthless (things) for (their) good (ones), and do not devour their property (as an addition) to your own property; this is surely a great crime.	Mankind, fear your Lord, who created you of a single soul, and from it created its mate, and from the pair of them scattered abroad many men and women; and fear God by whom you demand one of another, and the wombs; surely God ever watches over you. Give the orphans their property, and do not exchange the corrupt for the good; and devour not their property with your property; surely that is a great crime.

4:3	If ye fear that ye shall not be able to deal justly with the orphans, Marry women of your choice, Two or three or four; but if ye fear that ye shall not be able to deal justly (with them), then only one, or (a captive) that your right hands possess, that will be more suitable, to prevent you from doing injustice.	And if ye fear that ye will not deal fairly by the orphans, marry of the women, who seem good to you, two or three or four; and if ye fear that ye cannot do justice (to so many) then one (only) or (the captives) that your right hands possess. Thus it is more likely that ye will not do injustice.	And if you fear that you cannot act equitably towards orphans, then marry such women as seem good to you, two and three and four; but if you fear that you will not do justice (between them), then (marry) only one or what your right hands possess; this is more proper, that you may not deviate from the right course.	If you fear that you will not act justly towards the orphans, marry such women as seem good to you, two, three, four; but if you fear you will not be equitable, then only one, or what your right hands own; so it is likelier you will not be partial.



4:11	Allah (thus) directs you as regards your Children's (Inheritance): to the male, a portion equal to that of two females: if only daughters, two or more, their share is two-thirds of the inheritance; if only one, her share is a half. For parents, a sixth share of the inheritance to each, if the deceased left children; if no children, and the parents are the (only) heirs, the mother has a third; if the deceased Left brothers (or sisters) the mother has a sixth. (The distribution in all cases ('s) after the payment of legacies and debts. Ye know not whether your parents or your children are nearest to you in benefit. These are settled portions ordained by Allah. and Allah is All-knowing, All-wise.	Allah chargeth you concerning (the provision for) your children: to the male the equivalent of the portion of two females, and if there be women more than two, then theirs is two-thirds of the inheritance, and if there be one (only) then the half. And to each of his parents a sixth of the inheritance, if he have a son; and if he have no son and his parents are his heirs, then to his mother appertaineth the third; and if he have brethren, then to his mother appertaineth the sixth, after any legacy he may have bequeathed, or debt (hath been paid). Your parents and your children: Ye know not which of them is nearer unto you in usefulness. It is an injunction from Allah. Lo! Allah is Knower, Wise.	Allah enjoins you concerning your children: The male shall have the equal of the portion of two females; then if they are more than two females, they shall have two-thirds of what the deceased has left, and if there is one, she shall have the half; and as for his parents, each of them shall have the sixth of what he has left if he has a child, but if he has no child and (only) his two parents inherit him, then his mother shall have the third; but if he has brothers, then his mother shall have the sixth after (the payment of) a bequest he may have bequeathed or a debt; your parents and your children, you know not which of them is the nearer to you in usefulness; this is an ordinance from Allah: Surely Allah is Knowing, Wise.	God charges you, concerning your children: to the male the like of the portion of two females, and if they be women above two, then for them two-thirds of what he leaves, but if she be one then to her a half; and to his parents to each one of the two the sixth of what he leaves, if he has children; but if he has no children, and his heirs are his parents, a third to his mother, or, if he has brothers, to his mother a sixth, after any bequest he may bequeath, or any debt. Your fathers and your sons -- you know not which out of them is nearer in profit to you. So God apportions; surely God is All-knowing, All-wise.



4:24	Also (prohibited are) women already married, except those whom your right hands possess: Thus hath Allah ordained (Prohibitions) against you: Except for these, all others are lawful, provided ye seek (them in marriage) with gifts from your property,- desiring chastity, not lust, seeing that ye derive benefit from them, give them their dowers (at least) as prescribed; but if, after a dower is prescribed, agree Mutually (to vary it), there is no blame on you, and Allah is All-knowing, All-wise.	And all married women (are forbidden unto you) save those (captives) whom your right hands possess. It is a decree of Allah for you. Lawful unto you are all beyond those mentioned, so that ye seek them with your wealth in honest wedlock, not debauchery. And those of whom ye seek content (by marrying them), give unto them their portions as a duty. And there is no sin for you in what ye do by mutual agreement after the duty (hath been done). Lo! Allah is ever Knower, Wise.	And all married women except those whom your right hands possess (this is) Allah's ordinance to you, and lawful for you are (all women) besides those, provided that you seek (them) with your property, taking (them) in marriage not committing fornication. Then as to those whom you profit by, give them their dowries as appointed; and there is no blame on you about what you mutually agree after what is appointed; surely Allah is Knowing, Wise.	and wedded women, save what your right hands own. So God prescribes for you. Lawful for you, beyond all that, is that you may seek, using your wealth, in wedlock and not in licence. Such wives as you enjoy thereby, give them their wages apportionate; it is no fault in you in your agreeing together, after the due apportionate. God is All-knowing, All-wise.



4:34	Men are the protectors and maintainers of women, because Allah has given the one more (strength) than the other, and because they support them from their means. Therefore the righteous women are devoutly obedient, and guard in (the husband's) absence what Allah would have them guard. As to those women on whose part ye fear disloyalty and ill-conduct, admonish them (first), (Next), refuse to share their beds, (And last) beat them (lightly); but if they return to obedience, seek not against them Means (of annoyance): For Allah is Most High, great (above you all).	Men are in charge of women, because Allah hath made the one of them to excel the other, and because they spend of their property (for the support of women). So good women are the obedient, guarding in secret that which Allah hath guarded. As for those from whom ye fear rebellion, admonish them and banish them to beds apart, and scourge them. Then if they obey you, seek not a way against them. Lo! Allah is ever High, Exalted, Great.	Men are the maintainers of women because Allah has made some of them to excel others and because they spend out of their property; the good women are therefore obedient, guarding the unseen as Allah has guarded; and (as to) those on whose part you fear desertion, admonish them, and leave them alone in the sleeping-places and beat them; then if they obey you, do not seek a way against them; surely Allah is High, Great.	Men are the managers of the affairs of women for that God has preferred in bounty one of them over another, and for that they have expended of their property. Righteous women are therefore obedient, guarding the secret for God's guarding. And those you fear may be rebellious admonish; banish them to their couches, and beat them. If they then obey you, look not for any way against them; God is All-high, All-great.





















4:157	That they said (in boast), "We killed Christ Jesus the son of Mary, the Messenger of Allah";- but they killed him not, nor crucified him, but so it was made to appear to them, and those who differ therein are full of doubts, with no (certain) knowledge, but only conjecture to follow, for of a surety they killed him not:-	And because of their saying: We slew the Messiah, Jesus son of Mary, Allah's messenger - they slew him not nor crucified him, but it appeared so unto them; and lo! those who disagree concerning it are in doubt thereof; they have no knowledge thereof save pursuit of a conjecture; they slew him not for certain.	And their saying: Surely we have killed the Messiah, Isa son of Marium, the messenger of Allah; and they did not kill him nor did they crucify him, but it appeared to them so (like Isa) and most surely those who differ therein are only in a doubt about it; they have no knowledge respecting it, but only follow a conjecture, and they killed him not for sure.	and for their saying, 'We slew the Messiah, Jesus son of Mary, the Messenger of God' -- yet they did not slay him, neither crucified him, only a likeness of that was shown to them. Those who are at variance concerning him surely are in doubt regarding him; they have no knowledge of him, except the following of surmise; and they slew him not of a certainty -- no indeed;
4:158	Nay, Allah raised him up unto Himself; and Allah is Exalted in Power, Wise;-	But Allah took him up unto Himself. Allah was ever Mighty, Wise.	Nay! Allah took him up to Himself; and Allah is Mighty, Wise.	God raised him up to Him; God is All-mighty, All-wise.
4:159	And there is none of the People of the Book but must believe in him before his death; and on the Day of Judgment he will be a witness against them;-	There is not one of the People of the Scripture but will believe in him before his death, and on the Day of Resurrection he will be a witness against them -	And there is not one of the followers of the Book but most certainly believes in this before his death, and on the day of resurrection he (Isa) shall be a witness against them.	There is not one of the People of the Book but will assuredly believe in him before his death, and on the Resurrection Day he will be a witness against them.
4:160	For the iniquity of the Jews We made unlawful for them certain (foods) good and wholesome which had been lawful for them;- in that they hindered many from Allah's Way;-	Because of the wrongdoing of the Jews We forbade them good things which were (before) made lawful unto them, and because of their much hindering from Allah's way,	Wherefore for the iniquity of those who are Jews did We disallow to them the good things which had been made lawful for them and for their hindering many (people) from Allah's way.	And for the evildoing of those of Jewry, We have forbidden them certain good things that were permitted to them, and for their barring from God's way many,

4:161	That they took usury, though they were forbidden; and that they devoured men's substance wrongfully;- we have prepared for those among them who reject faith a grievous punishment.	And of their taking usury when they were forbidden it, and of their devouring people's wealth by false pretences, We have prepared for those of them who disbelieve a painful doom.	And their taking usury though indeed they were forbidden it and their devouring the property of people falsely, and We have prepared for the unbelievers from among them a painful chastisement.	and for their taking usury, that they were prohibited, and consuming the wealth of the people in vanity; and We have prepared for the unbelievers among them a painful chastisement.

4:162	But those among them who are well-grounded in knowledge, and the believers, believe in what hath been revealed to thee and what was revealed before thee: And (especially) those who establish regular prayer and practise regular charity and believe in Allah and in the Last Day: To them shall We soon give a great reward.	But those of them who are firm in knowledge and the believers believe in that which is revealed unto thee, and that which was revealed before thee, especially the diligent in prayer and those who pay the poor-due, the believers in Allah and the Last Day. Upon these We shall bestow immense reward.	But the firm in knowledge among them and the believers believe in what has been revealed to you and what was revealed before you, and those who keep up prayers and those who give the poor-rate and the believers in Allah and the last day, these it is whom We will give a mighty reward.	But those of them that are firmly rooted in knowledge, and the believers believing in what has been sent down to thee, and what was sent down before thee, that perform the prayer and pay the alms, and those who believe in God and the Last Day -- them We shall surely give a mighty wage.
4: 163 - 166	We have sent thee inspiration, as We sent it to Noah and the Messengers after him: we sent inspiration to Abraham, Isma'il, Isaac, Jacob and the Tribes, to Jesus, Job, Jonah, Aaron, and Solomon, and to David We gave the Psalms. Of some messengers We have already told thee the story; of others We have not;- and to Moses Allah spoke direct;- Messengers who gave good news as well as warning, that mankind, after (the coming) of the messengers, should have no plea against Allah: For Allah is Exalted in Power, Wise. But Allah beareth witness that what He hath sent unto thee He hath sent from His (own) knowledge, and the angels bear witness: But enough is Allah for a witness.	Lo! We inspire thee as We inspired Noah and the prophets after him, as We inspired Abraham and Ishmael and Isaac and Jacob and the tribes, and Jesus and Job and Jonah and Aaron and Solomon, and as We imparted unto David the Psalms; And messengers We have mentioned unto thee before and messengers We have not mentioned unto thee; and Allah spake directly unto Moses; Messengers of good cheer and of warning, in order that mankind might have no argument against Allah after the messengers. Allah was ever Mighty, Wise. But Allah (Himself) testifieth concerning that which He hath revealeth unto thee; in His knowledge hath He revealed it; and the angels also testify. And Allah is sufficient Witness.	Surely We have revealed to you as We revealed to Nuh, and the prophets after him, and We revealed to Ibrahim and Ismail and Ishaq and Yaqoub and the tribes, and Isa and Ayub and Yunus and Haroun and Sulaiman and We gave to Dawood Psalms. And (We sent) messengers We have mentioned to you before and messengers we have not mentioned to you; and to Musa, Allah addressed His Word, speaking (to him): (We sent) messengers as the givers of good news and as warners, so that people should not have a plea against Allah after the (coming of) messengers; and Allah is Mighty, Wise. But Allah bears witness by what He has revealed to you that He has revealed it with His knowledge, and the angels bear witness (also); and Allah is sufficient as a witness.	We have revealed to thee as We revealed to Noah, and the Prophets after him, and We revealed to Abraham, Ishmael, Isaac, Jacob, and the Tribes, Jesus and Job, Jonah and Aaron and Solomon, and We gave to David Psalms, and Messengers We have already told thee of before, and Messengers We have not told thee of; and unto Moses God spoke directly -- Messengers bearing good tidings, and warning, so that mankind might have no argument against God, after the Messengers; God is All-mighty, All-wise. But God bears witness to that He has sent down to thee; He has sent it down with His knowledge; and the angels also bear witness; and God suffices for a witness.
4: 167 - 169	Those who reject Faith and keep off (men) from the way of Allah, have verily strayed far, far away from the Path. Those who reject Faith and do wrong,- Allah will not forgive them nor guide them to any way- Except the way of Hell, to dwell therein for ever. And this to Allah is easy.	Lo! those who disbelieve and hinder (others) from the way of Allah, they verily have wandered far astray. Lo! those who disbelieve and deal in wrong, Allah will never forgive them, neither will He guide them unto a road, Except the road of hell, wherein they will abide for ever. And that is ever easy for Allah.	Surely (as for) those who disbelieve and hinder (men) from Allah's way, they indeed have strayed off into a remote error. Surely (as for) those who disbelieve and act unjustly Allah will not forgive them nor guide them to a path, Except the path of hell, to abide in it for ever, and this is easy to Allah.	Surely those who disbelieve, and bar from the way of God, have gone astray into far error. Surely the unbelievers, who have done evil, God would not forgive them, neither guide them on any road but the road to Gehenna, therein dwelling forever and ever; and that for God is an easy matter.
4:170	O Mankind! The Messenger hath come to you in truth from Allah: believe in him: It is best for you. But if ye reject Faith, to Allah belong all things in the heavens and on earth: And Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.	O mankind! The messenger hath come unto you with the Truth from your Lord. Therefor believe; (it is) better for you. But if ye disbelieve, still, lo! unto Allah belongeth whatsoever is in the heavens and the earth. Allah is ever Knower, Wise.	O people! surely the Messenger has come to you with the truth from your Lord, therefore believe, (it shall be) good for you and If you disbelieve, then surely whatever is in the heavens and the earth is Allah's; and Allah is Knowing, Wise.	O men, the Messenger has now come to you with the truth from your Lord; so believe; better is it for you. And if you disbelieve, to God belongs all that is in the heavens and in the earth; and God is All-knowing, All-wise.

4:171	O People of the Book! Commit no excesses in your religion: Nor say of Allah aught but the truth. Christ Jesus the son of Mary was (no more than) a messenger of Allah, and His Word, which He bestowed on Mary, and a spirit proceeding from Him: so believe in Allah and His messengers. Say not "Trinity": desist: it will be better for you: for Allah is one Allah: Glory be to Him: (far Exalted is He) above having a son. To Him belong all things in the heavens and on earth. And enough is Allah as a Disposer of affairs.	O People of the Scripture! Do not exaggerate in your religion nor utter aught concerning Allah save the truth. The Messiah, Jesus son of Mary, was only a messenger of Allah, and His word which He conveyed unto Mary, and a spirit from Him. So believe in Allah and His messengers, and say not "Three" - Cease! (it is) better for you! - Allah is only One Allah. Far is it removed from His Transcendent Majesty that He should have a son. His is all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth. And Allah is sufficient as Defender.	O followers of the Book! do not exceed the limits in your religion, and do not speak (lies) against Allah, but (speak) the truth; the Messiah, Isa son of Marium is only a messenger of Allah and His Word which He communicated to Marium and a spirit from Him; believe therefore in Allah and His messengers, and say not, Three. Desist, it is better for you; Allah is only one Allah; far be It from His glory that He should have a son, whatever is in the heavens and whatever is in the earth is His, and Allah is sufficient for a Protector.	People of the Book, go not beyond the bounds in your religion, and say not as to God but the truth. The Messiah, Jesus son of Mary, was only the Messenger of God, and His Word that He committed to Mary, and a Spirit from Him. So believe in God and His Messengers, and say not, 'Three.' Refrain; better is it for you. God is only One God. Glory be to Him -- That He should have a son! To Him belongs all that is in the heavens and in the earth; God suffices for a guardian.
4:172	Christ disdaineth nor to serve and worship Allah, nor do the angels, those nearest (to Allah): those who disdain His worship and are arrogant,-He will gather them all together unto Himself to (answer).	The Messiah will never scorn to be a slave unto Allah, nor will the favoured angels. Whoso scorneth His service and is proud, all such will He assemble unto Him;	The Messiah does by no means disdain that he should be a servant of Allah, nor do the angels who are near to Him, and whoever disdains His service and is proud, He will gather them all together to Himself.	The Messiah will not disdain to be a servant of God, neither the angels who are near stationed to Him. Whosoever disdains to serve Him, and waxes proud, He will assuredly muster them to Him, all of them.
4:173	But to those who believe and do deeds of righteousness, He will give their (due) rewards,- and more, out of His bounty: But those who are disdainful and arrogant, He will punish with a grievous penalty; Nor will they find, besides Allah, any to protect or help them.	Then, as for those who believed and did good works, unto them will He pay their wages in full, adding unto them of His bounty; and as for those who were scornful and proud, them will He punish with a painful doom. And they will not find for them, against Allah, any protecting friend or helper.	Then as for those who believe and do good, He will pay them fully their rewards and give them more out of His grace; and as for those who disdain and are proud, He will chastise them with a painful chastisement. And they shall not find for themselves besides Allah a guardian or a helper.	As for the believers, who do deeds of righteousness, He will pay them in full their wages, and He will give them more, of His bounty; and as for them who disdain, and wax proud, them He will chastise with a painful chastisement, and they shall not find for them, apart from God, a friend or helper.

4: 174 - 176	O mankind! verily there hath come to you a convincing proof from your Lord: For We have sent unto you a light (that is) manifest. Then those who believe in Allah, and hold fast to Him,- soon will He admit them to mercy and grace from Himself, and guide them to Himself by a straight way. They ask thee for a legal decision. Say: Allah directs (thus) about those who leave no descendants or ascendants as heirs. If it is a man that dies, leaving a sister but no child, she shall have half the inheritance: If (such a deceased was) a woman, who left no child, Her brother takes her inheritance: If there are two sisters, they shall have two-thirds of the inheritance (between them): if there are brothers and sisters, (they share), the male having twice the share of the female. Thus doth Allah make clear to you (His law), lest ye err. And Allah hath knowledge of all things.	O mankind! Now hath a proof from your Lord come unto you, and We have sent down unto you a clear light; As for those who believe in Allah, and hold fast unto Him, them He will cause to enter into His mercy and grace, and will guide them unto Him by a straight road. They ask thee for a pronouncement. Say: Allah hath pronounced for you concerning distant kindred. If a man die childless and he have a sister, hers is half the heritage, and he would have inherited from her had she died childless. And if there be two sisters, then theirs are two-thirds of the heritage, and if they be brethren, men and women, unto the male is the equivalent of the share of two females. Allah expoundeth unto you, so that ye err not. Allah is Knower of all things.	O people! surely there has come to you manifest proof from your Lord and We have sent to you clear light. Then as for those who believe in Allah and hold fast by Him, He will cause them to enter into His mercy and grace and guide them to Himself on a right path. They ask you for a decision of the law. Say: Allah gives you a decision concerning the person who has neither parents nor offspring; if a man dies (and) he has no son and he has a sister, she shall have half of what he leaves, and he shall be her heir she has no son; but if there be two (sisters), they shall have two-thirds of what he leaves; and if there are brethren, men and women, then the male shall have the like of the portion of two females; Allah makes clear to you, lest you err; and Allah knows all things.	O men, a proof has now come to you from your Lord; We have sent down to you a manifest light. As for those who believe in God, and hold fast to Him, He will surely admit them to mercy from Him, and bounty, and will guide them to Him on a straight path. They will ask thee for a pronouncement. Say: 'God pronounces to you concerning the indirect heirs. If a man perishes having no children, but he has a sister, she shall receive a half of what he leaves, and he is her heir if she has no children. If there be two sisters, they shall receive two-thirds of what he leaves; if there be brothers and sisters, the male shall receive the portion of two females. God makes clear to you, lest you go astray; God has knowledge of everything.


5	from Medina	Surah Al-Maeda — "The Food" — the Fifth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 120 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 112th Surah of the Qur'an.
		This Surah Al-Maede — chronologically the last except only Surah 96 Al-Alaq and Surah 9 At-Tawbah, and therefore in Muslim theology among the final, definitive, least-abrogated of Quranic chapters — speaks extensively about Muhammad's understanding of "Jesus son of Mary," or "Isa son of Marium." Though such a statement would have to be qualified in many ways fundamental and vital, still at one level the informed reader will readily see the stark contrast between the highly respectful way that Muhammad tries to deal with Jesus and Mary and the highly contemptuous way in which Talmudic Judaism deals with them. This circumstance alone make utterly untenable the tactical choice of some highly-informed and well-meaning Christian specialists on Islam to ally with atheist and Talmudic Jews in a campaign to confront Islam and Islam's confused fellow travelers among non-Christian, low-information Descendants of European Christendom. The peaceful admonitions in 5:2 are abrogated by the Verse of the Sword, 9:5. Piggies are certainly pleased by 5:3, unless of course the person is "forced by hunger," yet still one can readily discern here some attempt to separate the sacred from the profane. And see also at 5:3: "This day have I perfected your religion for you, completed My favour upon you, and have chosen for you Islam as your religion." To understand the appeal to Muslims of Jihad, one must understand the Muslim conception of last judgement for everyone other than those who kill and are killed in Jihad. Verse 5:10 contains one of countless references to Hell. The "children of Israel" were unfaithful to Allah's covenant with them. (Verses 12-13 ), and so were the Christians (Verse 14); but Muhammad came along and saved the day, and all of humankind (Verses 15-16). Verse 5:17 supplies one more instance of the theological incompatability of Islam and Christianity: explicit Quranic denial of Trinitarian doctrine. Among the confused and the non-Christian leaders in European Christendom — both the evil (e.g., the Clintons) and the moronic (e.g., the Bushes) — Verse 5:32 (or at least a part thereof) is among the very favorites to quote before audiences numbering in the tens of millions, with echoes to hundreds of millions. Reading also the five verses preceding 5:32 and the two verses following it (for a total of 364 words in the Ali translation, less than half a page) in order to actually understand what is being said is far too much to expect of a head of state or head of government these days. For the more insightful, such as all people reading the pages of this website, one can swiftly see that the passages in question speak about and to Jews, within a particular context, and the entire message is by no means one extolling universal non-violence. Muslim commentaries to 5:32 — "... We ordained for the Children of Israel that if any one slew a person - unless it be for murder or for spreading mischief in the land - it would be as if he slew the whole people: and if any one saved a life, it would be as if he saved the life of the whole people..." — make clear that "spreading mischief in the land" means simply doing, writing, speaking anything which opposes the spread of Islam. The Repentance at 5:34 is not to be only before death, but before Muhammad gets his hands on the wrongdoers. At 5:110-115 one finds a list of key acts by Jesus (including some misunderstood or invented by Muhammad), as also Muhammad's attempt to deprive Jesus of personal divinity. Muhammad even records that Jesus raised the dead, a miracle that Muhammad never claimed for himself. At 5:111 we see Jesus' disciplines professing to be true Muslims. A key verse appears at 5:116, in which Muhammad denies a "trinity" which he does not understand: "And behold! Allah will say: "O Jesus the son of Mary! Didst thou say unto men, worship me and my mother as gods in derogation of Allah'?" He will say: "Glory to Thee! never could I say what I had no right (to say). " This verse supplies one of the most key proofs in all of the Qur'an and Islam that Muhammad's "revelation" was not from God. The key Trinitarian doctrines had been authoritatively defined by the Church at the First Ecumenical Council (Nicea I) in 325 and the Second Ecumenical Council (Constantinople I) in 381. God would obviously know this, as He knows everything. So if God intended to inform mankind, the world and the universe through Muhammad in the early 7th century that the Church had gotten it all wrong, that He, God, was not Triune, not eternally Father, Son and Holy Ghost, as the Church had then been teaching and a huge swath of mankind — Christians — had been believing for centuries, then He, God, would not have refuted that which was not taught, that Jesus and Mary were the other two "gods".

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.

5:1-2	O ye who believe! fulfil (all) obligations. Lawful unto you (for food) are all four-footed animals, with the exceptions named: But animals of the chase are forbidden while ye are in the sacred precincts or in pilgrim garb: for Allah doth command according to His will and plan. O ye who believe! Violate not the sanctity of the symbols of Allah, nor of the sacred month, nor of the animals brought for sacrifice, nor the garlands that mark out such animals, nor the people resorting to the sacred house, seeking of the bounty and good pleasure of their Lord. But when ye are clear of the sacred precincts and of pilgrim garb, ye may hunt and let not the hatred of some people in (once) shutting you out of the Sacred Mosque lead you to transgression (and hostility on your part). Help ye one another in righteousness and piety, but help ye not one another in sin and rancour: fear Allah: for Allah is strict in punishment.	O ye who believe! Fulfil your indentures. The beast of cattle is made lawful unto you (for food) except that which is announced unto you (herein), game being unlawful when ye are on the pilgrimage. Lo! Allah ordaineth that which pleaseth Him. O ye who believe! Profane not Allah's monuments nor the Sacred Month nor the offerings nor the garlands, nor those repairing to the Sacred House, seeking the grace and pleasure of their Lord. But when ye have left the sacred territory, then go hunting (if ye will). And let not your hatred of a folk who (once) stopped your going to the inviolable place of worship seduce you to transgress; but help ye one another unto righteousness and pious duty. Help not one another unto sin and transgression, but keep your duty to Allah. Lo! Allah is severe in punishment.	O you who believe! fulfill the obligations. The cattle quadrupeds are allowed to you except that which is recited to you, not violating the prohibition against game when you are entering upon the performance of the pilgrimage; surely Allah orders what He desires. O you who believe! do not violate the signs appointed by Allah nor the sacred month, nor (interfere with) the offerings, nor the sacrificial animals with garlands, nor those going to the sacred house seeking the grace and pleasure of their Lord; and when you are free from the obligations of the pilgrimage, then hunt, and let not hatred of a people— because they hindered you from the Sacred Masjid— incite you to exceed the limits, and help one another in goodness and piety, and do not help one another in sin and aggression; and be careful of (your duty to) Allah; surely Allah is severe in requiting (evil).	O believers, fulfil your bonds. Permitted to you is the beast of the flocks, except that which is now recited to you, so that you deem not game permitted to be hunted when you are in pilgrim sanctity. God decrees whatsoever He desires. O believers, profane not God's waymarks nor the holy month, neither the offering, nor the necklaces, nor those repairing to the Holy House seeking from their Lord bounty and good pleasure. But when you have quit your pilgrim sanctity, then hunt for game. Let not detestation for a people who barred you from the Holy Mosque move you to commit aggression. Help one another to piety and godfearing; do not help each other to sin and enmity. And fear God; surely God is terrible in retribution.
5:3-4	Forbidden to you (for food) are: dead meat, blood, the flesh of swine, and that on which hath been invoked the name of other than Allah; that which hath been killed by strangling, or by a violent blow, or by a headlong fall, or by being gored to death; that which hath been (partly) eaten by a wild animal; unless ye are able to slaughter it (in due form); that which is sacrificed on stone (altars); (forbidden) also is the division (of meat) by raffling with arrows: that is impiety. This day have those who reject faith given up all hope of your religion: yet fear them not but fear Me. This day have I perfected your religion for you, completed My favour upon you, and have chosen for you Islam as your religion. But if any is forced by hunger, with no inclination to transgression, Allah is indeed Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. They ask thee what is lawful to them (as food). Say: lawful unto you are (all) things good and pure: and what ye have taught your trained hunting animals (to catch) in the manner directed to you by Allah: eat what they catch for you, but pronounce the name of Allah over it: and fear Allah; for Allah is swift in taking account.	Forbidden unto you (for food) are carrion and blood and swineflesh, and that which hath been dedicated unto any other than Allah, and the strangled, and the dead through beating, and the dead through falling from a height, and that which hath been killed by (the goring of) horns, and the devoured of wild beasts, saving that which ye make lawful (by the death-stroke), and that which hath been immolated unto idols. And (forbidden is it) that ye swear by the divining arrows. This is an abomination. This day are those who disbelieve in despair of (ever harming) your religion; so fear them not, fear Me! This day have I perfected your religion for you and completed My favour unto you, and have chosen for you as religion al-Islam. Whoso is forced by hunger, not by will, to sin: (for him) lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. They ask thee (O Muhammad) what is made lawful for them. Say: (all) good things are made lawful for you. And those beasts and birds of prey which ye have trained as hounds are trained, ye teach them that which Allah taught you; so eat of that which they catch for you and mention Allah's name upon it, and observe your duty to Allah. Lo! Allah is swift to take account.	Forbidden to you is that which dies of itself, and blood, and flesh of swine, and that on which any other name than that of Allah has been invoked, and the strangled (animal) and that beaten to death, and that killed by a fall and that killed by being smitten with the horn, and that which wild beasts have eaten, except what you slaughter, and what is sacrificed on stones set up (for idols) and that you divide by the arrows; that is a transgression. This day have those who disbelieve despaired of your religion, so fear them not, and fear Me. This day have I perfected for you your religion and completed My favor on you and chosen for you Islam as a religion; but whoever is compelled by hunger, not inclining willfully to sin, then surely Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. They ask you as to what is allowed to them. Say: The good things are allowed to you, and what you have taught the beasts and birds of prey, training them to hunt— you teach them of what Allah has taught you— so eat of that which they catch for you and mention the name of Allah over it; and be careful of (your duty to) Allah; surely Allah is swift in reckoning.	Forbidden to you are carrion, blood, the flesh of swine, what has been hallowed to other than God, the beast strangled; the beast beaten down, the beast fallen to death, the beast gored, and that devoured by beasts of prey - excepting that you have sacrificed duly -- as also things sacrificed to idols, and partition by the divining arrows; that is ungodliness. Today the unbelievers have despaired of your religion; therefore fear them not, but fear you Me. Today I have perfected your religion for you, and I have completed My blessing upon you, and I have approved Islam for your religion. But whosoever is constrained in emptiness and not inclining purposely to sin -- God is All-forgiving, All-compassionate. They will question thee what is permitted them. Say: 'The good things are permitted you; and such hunting creatures as you teach, training them as hounds, and teaching them as God has taught you -- eat what they seize for you, and mention God's Name over it. Fear God; God is swift at the reckoning.'
5:5	This day are (all) things good and pure made lawful unto you. The food of the People of the Book is lawful unto you and yours is lawful unto them. (Lawful unto you in marriage) are (not only) chaste women who are believers, but chaste women among the People of the Book, revealed before your time,- when ye give them their due dowers, and desire chastity, not lewdness, nor secret intrigues if any one rejects faith, fruitless is his work, and in the Hereafter he will be in the ranks of those who have lost (all spiritual good).	This day are (all) good things made lawful for you. The food of those who have received the Scripture is lawful for you, and your food is lawful for them. And so are the virtuous women of the believers and the virtuous women of those who received the Scripture before you (lawful for you) when ye give them their marriage portions and live with them in honour, not in fornication, nor taking them as secret concubines. Whoso denieth the faith, his work is vain and he will be among the losers in the Hereafter.	This day (all) the good things are allowed to you; and the food of those who have been given the Book is lawful for you and your food is lawful for them; and the chaste from among the believing women and the chaste from among those who have been given the Book before you (are lawful for you); when you have given them their dowries, taking (them) in marriage, not fornicating nor taking them for paramours in secret; and whoever denies faith, his work indeed is of no account, and in the hereafter he shall be one of the losers.	Today the good things are permitted you, and the food of those who were given the Book is permitted to you, and permitted to them is your food; Likewise believing women in wedlock, and in wedlock women of them who were given the Book before you if you give them their wages, in wedlock and not in licence, or as taking lovers. Whoso disbelieves in the faith, his work has failed, and in the world to come he shall be among the losers.
5:6-7	O ye who believe! when ye prepare for prayer, wash your faces, and your hands (and arms) to the elbows; Rub your heads (with water); and (wash) your feet to the ankles. If ye are in a state of ceremonial impurity, bathe your whole body. But if ye are ill, or on a journey, or one of you cometh from offices of nature, or ye have been in contact with women, and ye find no water, then take for yourselves clean sand or earth, and rub therewith your faces and hands, Allah doth not wish to place you in a difficulty, but to make you clean, and to complete his favour to you, that ye may be grateful. And call in remembrance the favour of Allah unto you, and His covenant, which He ratified with you, when ye said: "We hear and we obey": And fear Allah, for Allah knoweth well the secrets of your hearts.	O ye who believe! When ye rise up for prayer, wash you faces, and your hands up to the elbows, and lightly rub your heads and (wash) your feet up to the ankles. And if ye are unclean, purify yourselves. And if ye are sick or on a journey, or one of you cometh from the closet, or ye have had contact with women, and ye find not water, then go to clean, high ground and rub your faces and your hands with some of it. Allah would not place a burden on you, but He would purify you and would perfect His grace upon you, that ye may give thanks. Remember Allah's grace upon you and His covenant by which He bound you when ye said: We hear and we obey; And keep your duty to Allah. Lo! He knoweth what is in the breasts (of men).	O you who believe! when you rise up to prayer, wash your faces and your hands as far as the elbows, and wipe your heads and your feet to the ankles; and if you are under an obligation to perform a total ablution, then wash (yourselves) and if you are sick or on a journey, or one of you come from the privy, or you have touched the women, and you cannot find water, betake yourselves to pure earth and wipe your faces and your hands therewith, Allah does not desire to put on you any difficulty, but He wishes to purify you and that He may complete His favor on you, so that you may be grateful. And remember the favor of Allah on you and His covenant with which He bound you firmly, when you said: We have heard and we obey, and be careful of (your duty to) Allah, surely Allah knows what is in the breasts.	O believers, when you stand up to pray wash your faces, and your hands up to the elbows, and wipe your heads, and your feet up to the ankles. If you are defiled, purify yourselves; but if you are sick or on a journey, or if any of you comes from the privy, or you have touched women, and you can find no water, then have recourse to wholesome dust and wipe your faces and your hands with it. God does not desire to make any impediment for you; but He desires to purify you, and that He may complete His blessing upon you; haply you will be thankful. And remember God's blessing upon you, and His compact which He made with you when you said, 'We have heard and we obey. And fear you God; surely God knows the thoughts in the breasts.
5: 8-10	O ye who believe! stand out firmly for Allah, as witnesses to fair dealing, and let not the hatred of others to you make you swerve to wrong and depart from justice. Be just: that is next to piety: and fear Allah. For Allah is well-acquainted with all that ye do. To those who believe and do deeds of righteousness hath Allah promised forgiveness and a great reward. Those who reject faith and deny our signs will be companions of Hell-fire.	O ye who believe! Be steadfast witnesses for Allah in equity, and let not hatred of any people seduce you that ye deal not justly. Deal justly, that is nearer to your duty. Observe your duty to Allah. Lo! Allah is Informed of what ye do. Allah hath promised those who believe and do good works: Theirs will be forgiveness and immense reward. And they who disbelieve and deny Our revelations, such are rightful owners of hell.	O you who believe! Be upright for Allah, bearers of witness with justice, and let not hatred of a people incite you not to act equitably; act equitably, that is nearer to piety, and he careful of (your duty to) Allah; surely Allah is Aware of what you do. Allah has promised to those who believe and do good deeds (that) they shall have forgiveness and a mighty reward. And (as for) those who disbelieve and reject our communications, these are the companions of the name.	O believers, be you securers of justice, witnesses for God. Let not detestation for a people move you not to be equitable; be equitable -- that is nearer to godfearing. And fear God; surely God is aware of the things you do. God has promised those that believe, and do deeds of righteousness; they shall have; forgiveness and a mighty wage. And the unbelievers, who cried lies to Our signs -- they shall be the inhabitants of Hell.
5:11	O ye who believe! Call in remembrance the favour of Allah unto you when certain men formed the design to stretch out their hands against you, but (Allah) held back their hands from you: so fear Allah. And on Allah let believers put (all) their trust.	O ye who believe! Remember Allah's favour unto you, how a people were minded to stretch out their hands against you but He withheld their hands from you; and keep your duty to Allah. In Allah let believers put their trust.	O you who believe! remember Allah's favor on you when a people had determined to stretch forth their hands towards you, but He withheld their hands from you, and be careful of (your duty to) Allah; and on Allah let the believers rely.	O believers, remember God's blessing upon you, when a certain people purposed to stretch against you their hands, and He restrained their hands from you; and fear God; and in God let the believers put all their trust.
5: 12- 13	Allah did aforetime take a covenant from the Children of Israel, and we appointed twelve captains among them. And Allah said: "I am with you: if ye (but) establish regular prayers, practise regular charity, believe in my messengers, honour and assist them, and loan to Allah a beautiful loan, verily I will wipe out from you your evils, and admit you to gardens with rivers flowing beneath; but if any of you, after this, resisteth faith, he hath truly wandered from the path or rectitude." But because of their breach of their covenant, We cursed them, and made their hearts grow hard; they change the words from their (right) places and forget a good part of the message that was sent them, nor wilt thou cease to find them- barring a few - ever bent on (new) deceits: but forgive them, and overlook (their misdeeds): for Allah loveth those who are kind.	Allah made a covenant of old with the Children of Israel and We raised among them twelve chieftains, and Allah said: Lo! I am with you. If ye establish worship and pay the poor-due, and believe in My messengers and support them, and lend unto Allah a kindly loan, surely I shall remit your sins, and surely I shall bring you into Gardens underneath which rivers flow. Whoso among you disbelieveth after this will go astray from a plain road. And because of their breaking their covenant, We have cursed them and made hard their hearts. They change words from their context and forget a part of that whereof they were admonished. Thou wilt not cease to discover treachery from all save a few of them. But bear with them and pardon them. Lo! Allah loveth the kindly.	And certainly Allah made a covenant with the children of Israel, and We raised up among them twelve chieftains; and Allah said: Surely I am with you; if you keep up prayer and pay the poor-rate and believe in My messengers and assist them and offer to Allah a goodly gift, I will most certainly cover your evil deeds, and I will most certainly cause you to enter into gardens beneath which rivers flow, but whoever disbelieves from among you after that, he indeed shall lose the right way. But on account of their breaking their covenant We cursed them and made their hearts hard; they altered the words from their places and they neglected a portion of what they were reminded of; and you shall always discover treachery in them excepting a few of them; so pardon them and turn away; surely Allah loves those who do good (to others).	God took compact with the Children of Israel; and We raised up from among them twelve chieftains. And God said, 'I am with you. Surely, if you perform the prayer, and pay the alms, and believe in My Messengers and succour them, and lend to God a good loan, I will acquit you of your evil deeds, and I will admit you to gardens underneath which rivers flow. So whosoever of you thereafter disbelieves, surely he has gone astray from the right way. So for their breaking their compact We cursed them and made their hearts hard, they perverting words from their meanings; and they have forgotten a portion of that they were reminded of; and thou wilt never cease to light upon some act of treachery on their part, except a few of them. Yet pardon them, and forgive; surely God loves the good-doers.
5:14	From those, too, who call themselves Christians, We did take a covenant, but they forgot a good part of the message that was sent them: so we estranged them, with enmity and hatred between the one and the other, to the Day of Judgment. And soon will Allah show them what it is they have done.	And with those who say: "Lo! we are Christians," We made a covenant, but they forgot a part of that whereof they were admonished. Therefor We have stirred up enmity and hatred among them till the Day of Resurrection, when Allah will inform them of their handiwork.	And with those who say, We are Christians, We made a covenant, but they neglected a portion of what they were reminded of, therefore We excited among them enmity and hatred to the day of resurrection; and Allah will inform them of what they did.

5: 15- 16	O people of the Book! There hath come to you our Messenger, revealing to you much that ye used to hide in the Book, and passing over much (that is now unnecessary): There hath come to you from Allah a (new) light and a perspicuous Book, - Wherewith Allah guideth all who seek His good pleasure to ways of peace and safety, and leadeth them out of darkness, by His will, unto the light,- guideth them to a path that is straight.	O People of the Scripture! Now hath Our messenger come unto you, expounding unto you much of that which ye used to hide in the Scripture, and forgiving much. Now hath come unto you light from Allah and plain Scripture. Whereby Allah guideth him who seeketh His good pleasure unto paths of peace. He bringeth them out of darkness unto light by His decree, and guideth them unto a straight path.	O followers of the Book! indeed Our Messenger has come to you making clear to you much of what you concealed of the Book and passing over much; indeed, there has come to you light and a clear Book from Allah; With it Allah guides him who will follow His pleasure into the ways of safety and brings them out of utter darkness into light by His will and guides them to the right path.
5:17	In blasphemy indeed are those that say that Allah is Christ the son of Mary. Say: "Who then hath the least power against Allah, if His will were to destroy Christ the son of Mary, his mother, and all every - one that is on the earth? For to Allah belongeth the dominion of the heavens and the earth, and all that is between. He createth what He pleaseth. For Allah hath power over all things."	They indeed have disbelieved who say: Lo! Allah is the Messiah, son of Mary. Say: Who then can do aught against Allah, if He had willed to destroy the Messiah son of Mary, and his mother and everyone on earth? Allah's is the Sovereignty of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them. He createth what He will. And Allah is Able to do all things.	Certainly they disbelieve who say: Surely, Allah— He is the Messiah, son of Marium. Say: Who then could control anything as against Allah when He wished to destroy the Messiah son of Marium and his mother and all those on the earth? And Allah's is the kingdom of the heavens and the earth and what is between them; He creates what He pleases; and Allah has power over all things.	They are unbelievers who say, 'God is the Messiah, Mary's son.' Say: 'Who then shall overrule God in any way if He desires to destroy the Messiah, Mary's son, and his mother, and all those who are on earth?' For to God belongs the kingdom of the heavens and of the earth, and all that is between them, creating what He will. God is powerful over everything.







5: 27-31	Recite to them the truth of the story of the two sons of Adam. Behold! they each presented a sacrifice (to Allah): It was accepted from one, but not from the other. Said the latter: "Be sure I will slay thee." "Surely," said the former, "Allah doth accept of the sacrifice of those who are righteous." "If thou dost stretch thy hand against me, to slay me, it is not for me to stretch my hand against thee to slay thee: for I do fear Allah, the cherisher of the worlds." "For me, I intend to let thee draw on thyself my sin as well as thine, for thou wilt be among the companions of the fire, and that is the reward of those who do wrong." The (selfish) soul of the other led him to the murder of his brother: he murdered him, and became (himself) one of the lost ones. Then Allah sent a raven, who scratched the ground, to show him how to hide the shame of his brother. "Woe is me!" said he; "Was I not even able to be as this raven, and to hide the shame of my brother?" then he became full of regrets-	But recite unto them with truth the tale of the two sons of Adam, how they offered each a sacrifice, and it was accepted from the one of them and it was not accepted from the other. (The one) said: I will surely kill thee. (The other) answered: Allah accepteth only from those who ward off (evil). Even if thou stretch out thy hand against me to kill me, I shall not stretch out my hand against thee to kill thee, lo! I fear Allah, the Lord of the Worlds. Lo! I would rather thou shouldst bear the punishment of the sin against me and thine own sin and become one of the owners of the fire. That is the reward of evil-doers. But (the other's) mind imposed on him the killing of his brother, so he slew him and became one of the losers. Then Allah sent a raven scratching up the ground, to show him how to hide his brother's naked corpse. He said: Woe unto me! Am I not able to be as this raven and so hide my brother's naked corpse? And he became repentant.	And relate to them the story of the two sons of Adam with truth when they both offered an offering, but it was accepted from one of them and was not accepted from the other. He said: I will most certainly slay you. (The other) said: Allah only accepts from those who guard (against evil). If you will stretch forth your hand towards me to slay me, I am not one to stretch forth my hand towards you to slay you surely I fear Allah, the Lord of the worlds: Surely I wish that you should bear the sin committed against me and your own sin, and so you would be of the inmates of the fire, and this is the recompense of the unjust. Then his mind facilitated to him the slaying of his brother so he slew him; then he became one of the losers. Then Allah sent a crow digging up the earth so that he might show him how he should cover the dead body of his brother. He said: Woe me! do I lack the strength that I should be like this crow and cover the dead body of my brother? So he became of those who regret.	And recite thou to them the story of the two sons of Adam truthfully, when they offered a sacrifice, and it was accepted of one of them, and not accepted of the other. 'I will surely slay thee,' said one. 'God accepts only of the godfearing,' said the other. 'Yet if thou stretchest out thy hand against me, to slay me, I will not stretch out my hand against thee, to slay thee; I fear God, the Lord of all Being. I desire that thou shouldest be laden with my sin and thy sin, and so become an inhabitant of the Fire; that is the recompense of the evildoers.' Then his soul prompted him to slay his brother, and he slew him, and became one of the losers. Then God sent forth a raven, scratching into the earth, to show him how he might conceal the vile body of his brother. He said, 'Woe is me! Am I unable to be as this raven, and so conceal my brother's vile body?' And he became one of the remorseful.
5:32	On that account: We ordained for the Children of Israel that if any one slew a person - unless it be for murder or for spreading mischief in the land - it would be as if he slew the whole people: and if any one saved a life, it would be as if he saved the life of the whole people. Then although there came to them Our messengers with clear signs, yet, even after that, many of them continued to commit excesses in the land.	For that cause We decreed for the Children of Israel that whosoever killeth a human being for other than manslaughter or corruption in the earth, it shall be as if he had killed all mankind, and whoso saveth the life of one, it shall be as if he had saved the life of all mankind. Our messengers came unto them of old with clear proofs (of Allah's Sovereignty), but afterwards lo! many of them became prodigals in the earth.	For this reason did We prescribe to the children of Israel that whoever slays a soul, unless it be for manslaughter or for mischief in the land, it is as though he slew all men; and whoever keeps it alive, it is as though he kept alive all men; and certainly Our apostles came to them with clear arguments, but even after that many of them certainly act extravagantly in the land.	Therefore We prescribed for the Children of Israel that whoso slays a soul not to retaliate for a soul slain, nor for corruption done in the land, shall be as if he had slain mankind altogether; and whoso gives life to a soul, shall be as if he has given life to mankind altogether. Our Messengers have already come to them with the clear signs; then many of them thereafter commit excesses in the earth.
5: 33-34	The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and His Messenger, and strive with might and main for mischief through the land is: execution, or crucifixion, or the cutting off of hands and feet from opposite sides, or exile from the land: that is their disgrace in this world, and a heavy punishment is theirs in the Hereafter; Except for those who repent before they fall into your power: in that case, know that Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.	The only reward of those who make war upon Allah and His messenger and strive after corruption in the land will be that they will be killed or crucified, or have their hands and feet on alternate sides cut off, or will be expelled out of the land. Such will be their degradation in the world, and in the Hereafter theirs will be an awful doom; Save those who repent before ye overpower them. For know that Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.	The punishment of those who wage war against Allah and His messenger and strive to make mischief in the land is only this, that they should be murdered or crucified or their hands and their feet should be cut off on opposite sides or they should be imprisoned; this shall be as a disgrace for them in this world, and in the hereafter they shall have a grievous chastisement, Except those who repent before you have them in your power; so know that Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.	This is the recompense of those who fight against God and His Messenger, and hasten about the earth, to do corruption there: they shall be slaughtered, or crucified, or their hands and feet shall alternately be struck off; or they shall be banished from the land. That is a degradation for them in this world; and in the world to come awaits them a mighty chastisement, except for such as repent, before you have power over them. So know you that God is All-forgiving, All-compassionate.












5: 72-75	They do blaspheme who say: "Allah is Christ the son of Mary." But said Christ: "O Children of Israel! worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord." Whoever joins other gods with Allah,- Allah will forbid him the garden, and the Fire will be his abode. There will for the wrong-doers be no one to help. They do blaspheme who say: Allah is one of three in a Trinity: for there is no god except One Allah. If they desist not from their word (of blasphemy), verily a grievous penalty will befall the blasphemers among them. Why turn they not to Allah, and seek His forgiveness? For Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. Christ the son of Mary was no more than a messenger; many were the messengers that passed away before him. His mother was a woman of truth. They had both to eat their (daily) food. See how Allah doth make His signs clear to them; yet see in what ways they are deluded away from the truth!	They surely disbelieve who say: Lo! Allah is the Messiah, son of Mary. The Messiah (himself) said: O Children of Israel, worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord. Lo! whoso ascribeth partners unto Allah, for him Allah hath forbidden paradise. His abode is the Fire. For evil-doers there will be no helpers. They surely disbelieve who say: Lo! Allah is the third of three; when there is no God save the One Allah. If they desist not from so saying a painful doom will fall on those of them who disbelieve. Will they not rather turn unto Allah and seek forgiveness of Him? For Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. The Messiah, son of Mary, was no other than a messenger, messengers (the like of whom) had passed away before him. And his mother was a saintly woman. And they both used to eat (earthly) food. See how We make the revelations clear for them, and see how they are turned away!	Certainly they disbelieve who say: Surely Allah, He is the Messiah, son of Marium; and the Messiah said: O Children of Israel! serve Allah, my Lord and your Lord. Surely whoever associates (others) with Allah, then Allah has forbidden to him the garden, and his abode is the fire; and there shall be no helpers for the unjust. Certainly they disbelieve who say: Surely Allah is the third (person) of the three; and there is no god but the one Allah, and if they desist not from what they say, a painful chastisement shall befall those among them who disbelieve. Will they not then turn to Allah and ask His forgiveness? And Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. The Messiah, son of Marium is but a messenger; messengers before him have indeed passed away; and his mother was a truthful woman; they both used to eat food. See how We make the communications clear to them, then behold, how they are turned away.	They are unbelievers who say, 'God is the Messiah, Mary's son.' For the Messiah said, 'Children of Israel, serve God, my Lord and your Lord. Verily whoso associates with God anything, God shall prohibit him entrance to Paradise, and his refuge shall be the Fire; and wrongdoers shall have no helpers.' They are unbelievers who say, 'God is the Third of Three. No god is there but One God. If they refrain not from what they say, there shall afflict those of them that disbelieve a painful chastisement. Will they not turn to God and pray His forgiveness? God is All-forgiving, All-compassionate. The Messiah, son of Mary, was only a Messenger; Messengers before him passed away; his mother was a just woman; they both ate food. Behold, how We make clear the signs to them; then behold, how they perverted are!














5: 110 - 115	Then will Allah say: "O Jesus the son of Mary! Recount My favour to thee and to thy mother. Behold! I strengthened thee with the holy spirit, so that thou didst speak to the people in childhood and in maturity. Behold! I taught thee the Book and Wisdom, the Law and the Gospel and behold! thou makest out of clay, as it were, the figure of a bird, by My leave, and thou breathest into it and it becometh a bird by My leave, and thou healest those born blind, and the lepers, by My leave. And behold! thou bringest forth the dead by My leave. And behold! I did restrain the Children of Israel from (violence to) thee when thou didst show them the clear Signs, and the unbelievers among them said: 'This is nothing but evident magic.'" "And behold! I inspired the disciples to have faith in Me and Mine Messenger: they said, 'We have faith, and do thou bear witness that we bow to Allah as Muslims'". Behold! the disciples, said: "O Jesus the son of Mary! can thy Lord send down to us a table set (with viands) from heaven?" Said Jesus: "Fear Allah, if ye have faith." They said: "We only wish to eat thereof and satisfy our hearts, and to know that thou hast indeed told us the truth; and that we ourselves may be witnesses to the miracle." Said Jesus the son of Mary: "O Allah our Lord! Send us from heaven a table set (with viands), that there may be for us - for the first and the last of us - a solemn festival and a sign from thee; and provide for our sustenance, for thou art the best Sustainer (of our needs)." Allah said: "I will send it down unto you: But if any of you after that resisteth faith, I will punish him with a penalty such as I have not inflicted on any one among all the peoples."	When Allah saith: O Jesus, son of Mary! Remember My favour unto thee and unto thy mother; how I strengthened thee with the holy Spirit, so that thou spakest unto mankind in the cradle as in maturity; and how I taught thee the Scripture and Wisdom and the Torah and the Gospel; and how thou didst shape of clay as it were the likeness of a bird by My permission, and didst blow upon it and it was a bird by My permission, and thou didst heal him who was born blind and the leper by My permission; and how thou didst raise the dead by My permission; and how I restrained the Children of Israel from (harming) thee when thou camest unto them with clear proofs, and those of them who disbelieved exclaimed: This is naught else than mere magic; And when I inspired the disciples, (saying): Believe in Me and in My messenger, they said: We believe. Bear witness that we have surrendered (unto Thee) "we are muslims". When the disciples said: O Jesus, son of Mary! Is thy Lord able to send down for us a table spread with food from heaven? He said: Observe your duty to Allah, if ye are true believers. (They said:) We wish to eat thereof, that we may satisfy our hearts and know that thou hast spoken truth to us, and that thereof we may be witnesses. Jesus, son of Mary, said: O Allah, Lord of us! Send down for us a table spread with food from heaven, that it may be a feast for us, for the first of us and for the last of us, and a sign from Thee. Give us sustenance, for Thou art the Best of Sustainers. Allah said: Lo! I send it down for you. And whoso disbelieveth of you afterward, him surely will I punish with a punishment wherewith I have not punished any of (My) creatures.	When Allah will say: O Isa son of Marium! Remember My favor on you and on your mother, when I strengthened you I with the holy Spirit, you spoke to the people in the cradle and I when of old age, and when I taught you the Book and the wisdom and the Taurat and the Injeel; and when you determined out of clay a thing like the form of a bird by My permission, then you breathed into it and it became a bird by My permission, and you healed the blind and the leprous by My permission; and when you brought forth the dead by My permission; and when I withheld the children of Israel from you when you came to them with clear arguments, but those who disbelieved among them said: This is nothing but clear enchantment. And when I revealed to the disciples, saying, Believe in Me and My apostle, they said: We believe and bear witness that we submit (ourselves). When the disciples said: O Isa son of Marium! will your Lord consent to send down to us food from heaven? He said: Be careful of (your duty to) Allah if you are believers. They said: We desire that we should eat of it and that our hearts should be at rest, and that we may know that you have indeed spoken the truth to us and that we may be of the witnesses to it. Isa the son of Marium said: O Allah, our Lord! send down to us food from heaven which should be to us an ever-recurring happiness, to the first of us and to the last of us, and a sign from Thee, and grant us means of subsistence, and Thou art the best of the Providers. Allah said: Surely I will send it down to you, but whoever shall disbelieve afterwards from among you, surely I will chastise him with a chastisement with which I will not chastise, anyone among the nations.	When God said, 'Jesus Son of Mary, remember My blessing upon thee and upon thy mother, when I confirmed thee with the Holy Spirit, to speak to men in the cradle, and of age; and when I taught thee the Book, the Wisdom, the Torah, the Gospel; and when thou createst out of clay, by My leave, as the likeness of a bird, and thou breathest into it, and it is a bird, by My leave; and thou healest the blind and the leper by My leave, and thou bringest the dead forth by My leave; and when restrained from thee the Children of Israel when thou camest unto them with the clear signs, and the unbelievers among them said, "This is nothing but sorcery manifest." And when I inspired the Apostles: "Believe in Me and My Messenger"; they said, "We believe; witness Thou our submission."' And when the Apostles said, 'O Jesus son of Mary, is thy Lord able to send down on us a Table out of heaven?' He said, 'Fear you God, if you are believers. They said, 'We desire that we should eat of it and our hearts be at rest; and that we may know that thou hast spoken true to us, and that we may be among its witnesses.' Said Jesus son of Mary, 'O God, our Lord, send down upon us a Table out of heaven, that shall be for us a festival, the first and last of us, and a sign from Thee. And provide for us; Thou art the best of providers.' God said, 'Verily I do send it down on you; whoso of you hereafter disbelieves, verily I shall chastise him with a chastisement wherewith I chastise no other being.'
5:116	And behold! Allah will say: "O Jesus the son of Mary! Didst thou say unto men, worship me and my mother as gods in derogation of Allah'?" He will say: "Glory to Thee! never could I say what I had no right (to say). Had I said such a thing, thou wouldst indeed have known it. Thou knowest what is in my heart, Thou I know not what is in Thine. For Thou knowest in full all that is hidden."	And when Allah saith: O Jesus, son of Mary! Didst thou say unto mankind: Take me and my mother for two gods beside Allah? he saith: Be glorified! It was not mine to utter that to which I had no right. If I used to say it, then Thou knewest it. Thou knowest what is in my mind, and I know not what is in Thy Mind. Lo! Thou, only Thou, art the Knower of Things Hidden?	And when Allah will say: O Isa son of Marium! did you say to men, Take me and my mother for two gods besides Allah he will say: Glory be to Thee, it did not befit me that I should say what I had no right to (say); if I had said it, Thou wouldst indeed have known it; Thou knowest what is in my mind, and I do not know what is in Thy mind, surely Thou art the great Knower of the unseen things.	And when God said, 'O Jesus son of Mary, didst thou say unto men, "Take me and my mother as gods, apart from God"?' He said, 'To Thee be glory! It is not mine to say what I have no right to. If I indeed said it, Thou knowest it, knowing what is within my soul, and I know not what is within Thy soul; Thou knowest the things unseen
5: 117 - 120	"Never said I to them aught except what Thou didst command me to say, to wit, 'worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord'; and I was a witness over them whilst I dwelt amongst them; when Thou didst take me up Thou wast the Watcher over them, and Thou art a witness to all things." "If Thou dost punish them, they are Thy servant: If Thou dost forgive them, Thou art the Exalted in power, the Wise." Allah will say: "This is a day on which the truthful will profit from their truth: theirs are gardens, with rivers flowing beneath,- their eternal Home: Allah well-pleased with them, and they with Allah: That is the great salvation, (the fulfilment of all desires)." To Allah doth belong the dominion of the heavens and the earth, and all that is therein, and it is He Who hath power over all things.	I spake unto them only that which Thou commandedst me, (saying): Worship Allah, my Lord and your Lord. I was a witness of them while I dwelt among them, and when Thou tookest me Thou wast the Watcher over them. Thou art Witness over all things. If Thou punish them, lo! they are Thy slaves, and if Thou forgive them (lo! they are Thy slaves). Lo! Thou, only Thou, art the Mighty, the Wise. Allah saith: This is a day in which their truthfulness profiteth the truthful, for theirs are Gardens underneath which rivers flow, wherein they are secure for ever, Allah taking pleasure in them and they in Him. That is the great triumph. Unto Allah belongeth the Sovereignty of the heavens and the earth and whatsoever is therein, and He is Able to do all things.	I did not say to them aught save what Thou didst enjoin me with: That serve Allah, my Lord and your Lord, and I was a witness of them so long as I was among them, but when Thou didst cause me to die, Thou wert the watcher over them, and Thou art witness of all things. If Thou shouldst chastise them, then surely they are Thy servants; and if Thou shouldst forgive them, then surely Thou art the Mighty, the Wise. Allah will say: This is the day when their truth shall benefit the truthful ones; they shall have gardens beneath which rivers flow to abide in them for ever: Allah is well pleased with them and they are well pleased with Allah; this is the mighty achievement. Allah's is the kingdom of the heavens and the earth and what is in them; and He has power over all things.	I only said to them what Thou didst command me: "Serve God, my Lord and your Lord." And I was a witness over them, while I remained among them; but when Thou didst take me to Thyself, Thou wast Thyself the watcher over them; Thou Thyself art witness of everything. If Thou chastisest them, they are Thy servants; if Thou forgivest them, Thou art the All-mighty, the All-wise.' God said, 'This is the day the truthful shall be profited by their truthfulness. For them await gardens underneath which rivers flow, therein dwelling forever and ever; God being well-pleased with them and they well-pleased with Him; that is the mighty triumph.' To God belongs the kingdom of the heavens and of the earth, and all that is in them, and He is powerful over everything.


6	from Mecca	Surah Al-Anaam — "The Cattle" — the Sixth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 165 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 55th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.
6:1-6	Praise be Allah, Who created the heavens and the earth, and made the darkness and the light. Yet those who reject Faith hold (others) as equal, with their Guardian-Lord. He it is created you from clay, and then decreed a stated term (for you). And there is in His presence another determined term; yet ye doubt within yourselves! And He is Allah in the heavens and on earth. He knoweth what ye hide, and what ye reveal, and He knoweth the (recompense) which ye earn (by your deeds). But never did a single one of the signs of their Lord reach them, but they turned away therefrom. And now they reject the truth when it reaches them: but soon shall they learn the reality of what they used to mock at. See they not how many of those before them We did destroy?—generations We had established on the earth, in strength such as We have not given to you — for whom We poured out rain from the skies in abundance, and gave (fertile) streams flowing beneath their (feet): yet for their sins We destroyed them, and raised in their wake fresh generations (to succeed them).	Praise be to Allah, Who hath created the heavens and the earth, and hath appointed darkness and light. Yet those who disbelieve ascribe rivals unto their Lord. He it is Who hath created you from clay, and hath decreed a term for you. A term is fixed with Him. Yet still ye doubt! He is Allah in the heavens and in the earth. He knoweth both your secret and your utterance, and He knoweth what ye earn. Never came there unto them a revelation of the revelations of Allah but they did turn away from it. And they denied the truth when it came unto them. But there will come unto them the tidings of that which they used to deride. See they not how many a generation We destroyed before them, whom We had established in the earth more firmly than We have established you, and We shed on them abundant showers from the sky, and made the rivers flow beneath them. Yet we destroyed them for their sins, and created after them another generation.	All praise is due to Allah, Who created the heavens and the earth and made the darkness and the light; yet those who disbelieve set up equals with their Lord. He it is Who created you from clay, then He decreed a term; and there is a term named with Him; still you doubt. And He is Allah in the heavens and in the earth; He knows your secret (thoughts) and your open (words), and He knows what you earn. And there does not come to them any communication of the communications of their Lord but they turn aside from it. So they have indeed rejected the truth when it came to them; therefore the truth of what they mocked at will shine upon them. Do they not consider how many a generation We have destroyed before them, whom We had established in the earth as We have not established you, and We sent the clouds pouring rain on them in abundance, and We made the rivers to flow beneath them, then We destroyed them on account of their faults and raised up after them another generation.	Praise belongs to God who created the heavens and the earth and appointed the shadows and light; then the unbelievers ascribe equals to their Lord. It is He who created you of clay, then determined a term and a term is stated with Him; yet thereafter you doubt. He is God in the heavens and the earth; He knows your secrets, and what you publish, and He knows what you are earning. Not a sign of their Lord comes to them, but they turn away from it. They cried lies to the truth when it came to them, but there shall come to them news of that they were mocking. Have they not regarded how We destroyed before them many a generation We established in the earth, as We never established you, and how We loosed heaven upon them in torrents, and made the rivers to flow beneath them? Then We destroyed them because of their sins, and raised up after them another generation;







6: 161 - 165	Say: "Verily, my Lord hath guided me to a way that is straight,- a religion of right,- the path (trod) by Abraham the true in Faith, and he (certainly) joined not gods with Allah." Say: "Truly, my prayer and my service of sacrifice, my life and my death, are (all) for Allah, the Cherisher of the Worlds:" No partner hath He: this am I commanded, and I am the first of those who bow to His will. Say: "Shall I seek for (my) Cherisher other than Allah, when He is the Cherisher of all things (that exist)? Every soul draws the meed of its acts on none but itself: no bearer of burdens can bear of burdens can bear the burden of another. Your goal in the end is towards Allah: He will tell you the truth of the things wherein ye disputed." It is He Who hath made you (His) agents, inheritors of the earth: He hath raised you in ranks, some above others: that He may try you in the gifts He hath given you: for thy Lord is quick in punishment: yet He is indeed Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.	Say: Lo! As for me, my Lord hath guided me unto a straight path, a right religion, the community of Abraham, the upright, who was no idolater. Say: Lo! my worship and my sacrifice and my living and my dying are for Allah, Lord of the Worlds. He hath no partner. This am I commanded, and I am first of those who surrender (unto Him). Say: Shall I seek another than Allah for Lord, when He is Lord of all things? Each soul earneth only on its own account, nor doth any laden bear another's load. Then unto your Lord is your return and He will tell you that wherein ye differed. He it is Who hath placed you as viceroys of the earth and hath exalted some of you in rank above others, that He may try you by (the test of) that which He hath given you. Lo! Thy Lord is swift in prosecution, and Lo! He verily is Forgiving, Merciful.	Say: Surely, (as for) me, my Lord has guided me to the right path; (to) a most right religion, the faith of Ibrahim the upright one, and he was not of the polytheists. Say. Surely my prayer and my sacrifice and my life and my death are (all) for Allah, the Lord of the worlds; No associate has He; and this am I commanded, and I am the first of those who submit. Say: What! shall I seek a Lord other than Allah? And He is the Lord of all things; and no soul earns (evil) but against itself, and no bearer of burden shall bear the burden of another; then to your Lord is your return, so He will inform you of that in which you differed. And He it is Who has made you successors in the land and raised some of you above others by (various) grades, that He might try you by what He has given you; surely your Lord is quick to requite (evil), and He is most surely the Forgiving, the Merciful.	Say: 'As for me, my Lord has guided me to a straight path, a right religion, the creed of Abraham, a man of pure faith; he was no idolater.' Say: 'My prayer, my ritual sacrifice, my living, my dying -- all belongs to God, the Lord of all Being. No associate has He. Even so I have been commanded, and I am the first of those that surrender.' Say: 'Shall I seek after a Lord other than God, who is the Lord of all things?' Every soul earns only to its own account, no soul laden bears the load of another. Then to your Lord shall you return, and He will tell you of that whereon you were at variance. It is He who has appointed you viceroys in the earth, and has raised some of you in rank above others, that He may try you in what He has given you. Surely thy Lord is swift in retribution; and surely He is All-forgiving, All-compassionate.


7	from Mecca	Surah Al Araf — "The Heights" — the Seventh Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 206 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 39th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.
7:1-3	Alif, Lam, Mim, Sad. A Book revealed unto thee,- So let thy heart be oppressed no more by any difficulty on that account,- that with it thou mightest warn (the erring) and teach the Believers. Follow (O men!) the revelation given unto you from your Lord, and follow not, as friends or protectors, other than Him. Little it is ye remember of admonition.	Alif. Lam. Mim. Sad. (It is) a Scripture that is revealed unto thee (Muhammad) - so let there be no heaviness in thy heart therefrom - that thou mayst warn thereby, and (it is) a Reminder unto believers. (Saying): Follow that which is sent down unto you from your Lord, and follow no protecting friends beside Him. Little do ye recollect!	Alif Lam Mim Suad. A Book revealed to you— so let there be no straitness in your breast on account of it— that you may warn thereby, and a reminder close to the believers. Follow what has been revealed to you from your Lord and do not follow guardians besides Him, how little do you mind.	Alif Lam Mim Sad A Book sent down to thee -- so let there be no impediment in thy breast because of it -- to warn thereby, and as a reminder to believers: Follow what has been sent down to you from your Lord, and follow no friends other than He; little do you remember.
7:4-9	How many towns have We destroyed (for their sins)? Our punishment took them on a sudden by night or while they slept for their afternoon rest. When (thus) Our punishment took them, no cry did they utter but this: "Indeed we did wrong." Then shall we question those to whom Our message was sent and those by whom We sent it. And verily, We shall recount their whole story with knowledge, for We were never absent (at any time or place). The balance that day will be true (to nicety): those whose scale (of good) will be heavy, will prosper: Those whose scale will be light, will be their souls in perdition, for that they wrongfully treated Our signs.	How many a township have We destroyed! As a raid by night, or while they slept at noon, Our terror came unto them. No plea had they, when Our terror came unto them, save that they said: Lo! We were wrong-doers. Then verily We shall question those unto whom (Our message) hath been sent, and verily We shall question the messengers. Then verily We shall narrate unto them (the event) with knowledge, for We were not absent (when it came to pass). The weighing on that day is the true (weighing). As for those whose scale is heavy, they are the successful. And as for those whose scale is light: those are they who lose their souls because they used to wrong Our revelations.	And how many a town that We destroyed, so Our punishment came to it by night or while they slept at midday. Yet their cry, when Our punishment came to them, was nothing but that they said: Surely we were unjust. Most certainly then We will question those to whom (the messengers) were sent, and most certainly We will also question the messengers; Then most certainly We will relate to them with knowledge, and We were not absent. And the measuring out on that day will be just; then as for him whose measure (of good deeds) is heavy, those are they who shall be successful; And as for him whose measure (of good deeds) is light those are they who have made their souls suffer loss because they disbelieved in Our communications.	How many a city We have destroyed! Our might came upon it at night, or while they took their ease in the noontide, and they but cried, when Our might came upon there, 'We were evildoers.'; So We shall question those unto whom a Message was sent, and We shall question the Envoys, and We shall relate to them with knowledge; assuredly We were not absent. The weighing that day is true; he whose scales are heavy -- they are the prosperers, and he whose scales are light -- they have lost their soul for wronging Our signs.























7: 196 - 198	"For my Protector is Allah, Who revealed the Book (from time to time), and He will choose and befriend the righteous." "But those ye call upon besides Him, are unable to help you, and indeed to help themselves." If thou callest them to guidance, they hear not. Thou wilt see them looking at thee, but they see not.	Lo! my Protecting Friend is Allah Who revealeth the Scripture. He befriendeth the righteous. They on whom ye call beside Him have no power to help you, nor can they help you, nor can they help themselves. And if ye (Muslims) call them to the guidance they hear not; and thou (Muhammad) seest them looking toward thee, but they see not.	Surely my guardian is Allah, Who revealed the Book, and He befriends the good. And those whom you call upon besides Him are not able to help you, nor can they help themselves. And if you invite them to guidance, they do not hear; and you see them looking towards you, yet they do not see.	My Protector is God who sent down the Book, and He takes into His protection the righteous. And those on whom you call, apart from God, have no power to help you, neither they help themselves.' If you call them to the guidance they do not hear; and thou seest them looking at thee, unperceiving.
7: 199 - 203	Hold to forgiveness; command what is right; But turn away from the ignorant. If a suggestion from Satan assail thy (mind), seek refuge with Allah; for He heareth and knoweth (all things). Those who fear Allah, when a thought of evil from Satan assaults them, bring Allah to remembrance, when lo! they see (aright)! But their brethren (the evil ones) plunge them deeper into error, and never relax (their efforts). If thou bring them not a revelation, they say: "Why hast thou not got it together?" Say: "I but follow what is revealed to me from my Lord: this is (nothing but) lights from your Lord, and Guidance, and mercy, for any who have faith."	Keep to forgiveness (O Muhammad), and enjoin kindness, and turn away from the ignorant. And if a slander from the devil wound thee, then seek refuge in Allah. Lo! He is Hearer, Knower. Lo! those who ward off (evil), when a glamour from the devil troubleth them, they do but remember (Allah's Guidance) and behold them seers! Their brethren plunge them further into error and cease not. And when thou bringest not a verse for them they say: Why hast thou not chosen it? Say: I follow only that which is inspired in me from my Lord. This (Qur'an) is insight from your Lord, and a guidance and a mercy for a people that believe.	Take to forgiveness and enjoin good and turn aside from the ignorant. And if a false imputation from the Shaitan afflict you, seek refuge in Allah; surely He is Hearing, Knowing. Surely those who guard (against evil), when a visitation from the Shaitan afflicts them they become mindful, then lo! they see. And their brethren increase them in error, then they cease not. And when you bring them not a revelation they say: Why do you not forge it? Say: I only follow what is revealed to me from my Lord; these are clear proofs from your Lord and a guidance and a mercy for a people who believe.	Take the abundance, and bid to what is honourable, and turn away from the ignorant. If a provocation from Satan should provoke thee, seek refuge in God; He is All-hearing, All-seeing. The godfearing, when a visitation of Satan troubles them, remember, and then see clearly; and their brothers they lead on into error, then they stop not short. And when thou bringest them not a sign, they say, 'Why hast thou not chosen one?' Say: 'I follow only what is revealed to me from my Lord; this is clear testimony from your Lord, guidance, and mercy for a people of believers.'
7: 204 - 206	When the Qur'an is read, listen to it with attention, and hold your peace: that ye may receive Mercy. And do thou (O reader!) Bring thy Lord to remembrance in thy (very) soul, with humility and in reverence, without loudness in words, in the mornings and evenings; and be not thou of those who are unheedful. Those who are near to thy Lord, disdain not to do Him worship: They celebrate His praises, and prostrate before Him.	And when the Qur'an is recited, give ear to it and pay heed, that ye may obtain mercy. And do thou (O Muhammad) remember thy Lord within thyself humbly and with awe, below thy breath, at morn and evening. And be not thou of the neglectful. Lo! those who are with thy Lord are not too proud to do Him service, but they praise Him and prostrate before Him.	And when the Quran is recited, then listen to it and remain silent, that mercy may be shown to you. And remember your Lord within yourself humbly and fearing and in a voice not loud in the morning and the evening and be not of the heedless ones. Surely those who are with your Lord are not too proud to serve Him, and they declare His glory and prostrate in humility before Him.	And when the Koran is recited, give you ear to it and be silent; haply so you will find mercy. Remember thy Lord in thy soul, humbly and fearfully, not loud of voice, at morn and eventide. Be not thou among the heedless. Surely those who are with thy Lord wax not too proud to serve Him; they chant His praise, and to Him they bow.


8	from Medina	Surah Al-Anfal — "The Spoils of War" — the Eighth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 75 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 88th Surah of the Qur'an.
		Already at 8:1-2 we find Muhammad's "Allah" instructing Muhammad that the spoils of war are at the disposal of Allah and Muhammad (Allah's Messenger), which of course means only that the spoils of war are to be disposed of and distributed as Muhammad decrees. What a convenient revelation from "god!" 8:4-8, more about war from the "religion of peace." At Verse 8:67 one finds the Laws of War according to Muhammad: "It is not for any prophet to have captives until he hath made slaughter in the land...." Why in hell did we allow any of these people into the lands of European Christendom!? "But (now) enjoy what ye took in war, lawful and good..." at 8:69. What a "god" Muhammad created, lovely!

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.
8:1	They ask thee concerning (things taken as) spoils of war. Say: "(such) spoils are at the disposal of Allah and the Messenger: So fear Allah, and keep straight the relations between yourselves: Obey Allah and His Messenger, if ye do believe."	They ask thee (O Muhammad) of the spoils of war. Say: The spoils of war belong to Allah and the messenger, so keep your duty to Allah, and adjust the matter of your difference, and obey Allah and His messenger, if ye are (true) believers.	They ask you about the windfalls. Say: The windfalls are for Allah and the Messenger. So be careful of (your duty to) Allah and set aright matters of your difference, and obey Allah and His Messenger if you are believers.	They will question thee concerning the spoils. Say: 'The spoils belong to God and the Messenger; so fear you God, and set things right between you, and obey you God and His Messenger, if you are believers.'
8:2-3	For, Believers are those who, when Allah is mentioned, feel a tremor in their hearts, and when they hear His signs rehearsed, find their faith strengthened, and put (all) their trust in their Lord; Who establish regular prayers and spend (freely) out of the gifts We have given them for sustenance:	They only are the (true) believers whose hearts feel fear when Allah is mentioned, and when His revelations are recited unto them they increase their faith, and who trust in their Lord; Who establish worship and spend of that We have bestowed on them.	Those only are believers whose hearts become full of fear when Allah is mentioned, and when His communications are recited to them they increase them in faith, and in their Lord do they trust. Those who keep up prayer and spend (benevolently) out of what We have given them.	Those only are believers who, when God is mentioned, their hearts quake, and when His signs are recited to them, it increases them in faith, and in their Lord they put their trust, those who perform the prayer, and expend of what We have provided them,
8:4-8	Such in truth are the believers: they have grades of dignity with their Lord, and forgiveness, and generous sustenance: Just as thy Lord ordered thee out of thy house in truth, even though a party among the Believers disliked it, Disputing with thee concerning the truth after it was made manifest, as if they were being driven to death and they (actually) saw it. Behold! Allah promised you one of the two (enemy) parties, that it should be yours: Ye wished that the one unarmed should be yours, but Allah willed to justify the Truth according to His words and to cut off the roots of the Unbelievers;- That He might justify Truth and prove Falsehood false, distasteful though it be to those in guilt.	Those are they who are in truth believers. For them are grades (of honour) with their Lord, and pardon, and a bountiful provision. Even as thy Lord caused thee (Muhammad) to go forth from thy home with the Truth, and lo! a party of the believers were averse (to it). Disputing with thee of the Truth after it had been made manifest, as if they were being driven to death visible. And when Allah promised you one of the two bands (of the enemy) that it should be yours, and ye longed that other than the armed one might be yours. And Allah willed that He should cause the Truth to triumph by His words, and cut the root of the disbelievers; That He might cause the Truth to triumph and bring vanity to naught, however much the guilty might oppose;	These are the believers in truth; they shall have from their Lord exalted grades and forgiveness and an honorable sustenance. Even as your Lord caused you to go forth from your house with the truth, though a party of the believers were surely averse; They disputed with you about the truth after it had become clear, (and they went forth) as if they were being driven to death while they saw (it). And when Allah promised you one of the two parties that it shall be yours and you loved that the one not armed should he yours and Allah desired to manifest the truth of what was true by His words and to cut off the root of the unbelievers. That He may manifest the truth of what was true and show the falsehood of what was false, though the guilty disliked.	those in truth are the believers; they have degrees with their Lord, and forgiveness, and generous provision. As thy Lord brought thee forth from thy house with the truth, and a part of the believers were averse to it, disputing with thee concerning the truth after it had become clear, as though they were being driven into death with their eyes wide open. And when God promised you one of the two parties should be yours, and you were wishing that the one not accoutred should be yours; but God was desiring to verify the truth by His words, and to cut off the unbelievers to the last remnant, and that He might verify the truth and prove untrue the untrue, though the sinners were averse to it.
8: 9-11	Remember ye implored the assistance of your Lord, and He answered you: "I will assist you with a thousand of the angels, ranks on ranks." Allah made it but a message of hope, and an assurance to your hearts: (in any case) there is no help except from Allah: and Allah is Exalted in Power, Wise. Remember He covered you with a sort of drowsiness, to give you calm as from Himself, and he caused rain to descend on you from heaven, to clean you therewith, to remove from you the stain of Satan, to strengthen your hearts, and to plant your feet firmly therewith.	When ye sought help of your Lord and He answered you (saying): I will help you with a thousand of the angels, rank on rank. Allah appointed it only as good tidings, and that your hearts thereby might be at rest. Victory cometh only by the help of Allah. Lo! Allah is Mighty, Wise. When He made the slumber fall upon you as a reassurance from him and sent down water from the sky upon you, that thereby He might purify you, and remove from you the fear of Satan, and make strong your hearts and firm (your) feet thereby.	When you sought aid from your Lord, so He answered you: I will assist you with a thousand of the angels following one another. And Allah only gave it as a good news and that your hearts might be at ease thereby; and victory is only from Allah; surely Allah is Mighty, Wise. When He caused calm to fall on you as a security from Him and sent down upon you water from the cloud that He might thereby purify you, and take away from you the uncleanness of the Shaitan, and that He might fortify your hearts and steady (your) footsteps thereby.	When you were calling upon your Lord for succour, and He answered you, 'I shall reinforce you with a thousand angels riding behind you.' God wrought this not, save as good tidings and that your hearts thereby might be at rest; help comes only from God; surely God is All-mighty, All-wise. When He was causing slumber to overcome you as a security from Him, and sending down on you water from heaven, to purify you thereby, and to put away from you the defilement of Satan, and to strengthen your hearts, and to confirm your feet.





















8:65	O Prophet! rouse the Believers to the fight. If there are twenty amongst you, patient and persevering, they will vanquish two hundred: if a hundred, they will vanquish a thousand of the Unbelievers: for these are a people without understanding.	O Prophet! Exhort the believers to fight. If there be of you twenty steadfast they shall overcome two hundred, and if there be of you a hundred (steadfast) they shall overcome a thousand of those who disbelieve, because they (the disbelievers) are a folk without intelligence.	O Prophet! urge the believers to war; if there are twenty patient ones of you they shall overcome two hundred, and if there are a hundred of you they shall overcome a thousand of those who disbelieve, because they are a people who do not understand.	O Prophet, urge on the believers to fight. If there be twenty of you, patient men, they will overcome two hundred; if there be a hundred of you, they will overcome a thousand unbelievers, for they are a people who understand not.
8:66	For the present, Allah hath lightened your (task), for He knoweth that there is a weak spot in you: But (even so), if there are a hundred of you, patient and persevering, they will vanquish two hundred, and if a thousand, they will vanquish two thousand, with the leave of Allah: for Allah is with those who patiently persevere.	Now hath Allah lightened your burden, for He knoweth that there is weakness in you. So if there be of you a steadfast hundred they shall overcome two hundred, and if there be of you a thousand (steadfast) they shall overcome two thousand by permission of Allah. Allah is with the steadfast.	For the present Allah has made light your burden, and He knows that there is weakness in you; so if there are a hundred patient ones of you they shall overcome two hundred, and if there are a thousand they shall overcome two thousand by Allah's permission, and Allah is with the patient.	Now God has lightened it for you, knowing that there is weakness in you. If there be a hundred of you, patient men, they will overcome two hundred; if there be of you a thousand, they will overcome two thousand by the leave of God; God is with the patient.
8:67	It is not fitting for a prophet that he should have prisoners of war until he hath thoroughly subdued the land. Ye look for the temporal goods of this world; but Allah looketh to the Hereafter: And Allah is Exalted in might, Wise.	It is not for any prophet to have captives until he hath made slaughter in the land. Ye desire the lure of this world and Allah desireth (for you) the Hereafter, and Allah is Mighty, Wise.	It is not fit for a prophet that he should take captives unless he has fought and triumphed in the land; you desire the frail goods of this world, while Allah desires (for you) the hereafter; and Allah is Mighty, Wise.	It is not for any Prophet to have prisoners until he make wide slaughter in the land. You desire the chance goods of the present world, and God desires the world to come; and God is All-mighty, All-wise.
8: 68 - 69	Had it not been for a previous ordainment from Allah, a severe penalty would have reached you for the (ransom) that ye took. But (now) enjoy what ye took in war, lawful and good: but fear Allah: for Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.	Had it not been for an ordinance of Allah which had gone before, an awful doom had come upon you on account of what ye took. Now enjoy what ye have won, as lawful and good, and keep your duty to Allah. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.	Were it not for an ordinance from Allah that had already gone forth, surely there would have befallen you a great chastisement for what you had taken to. Eat then of the lawful and good (things) which you have acquired in war, and be careful of (your duty to) Allah; surely Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.	Had it not been for a prior prescription from God, there had afflicted you, for what you took, a mighty chastisement. Eat of what you have taken as booty, such as is lawful and good; and fear you God; surely God is All-forgiving, All-compassionate.
8: 70 - 71	O Prophet! say to those who are captives in your hands: "If Allah findeth any good in your hearts, He will give you something better than what has been taken from you, and He will forgive you: for Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful." But if they have treacherous designs against thee, (O Messenger!), they have already been in treason against Allah, and so hath He given (thee) power over them. And Allah so He Who hath (full) knowledge and wisdom.	O Prophet! Say unto those captives who are in your hands: If Allah knoweth any good in your hearts He will give you better than that which hath been taken from you, and will forgive you. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. And if they would betray thee, they betrayed Allah before, and He gave (thee) power over them. Allah is Knower, Wise.	O Prophet! say to those of the captives who are in your hands: If Allah knows anything good in your hearts, He will give to you better than that which has been taken away from you and will forgive you, and Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. And if they intend to act unfaithfully towards you, so indeed they acted unfaithfully towards Allah before, but He gave (you) mastery over them; and Allah is Knowing, Wise.	O Prophet, say to the prisoners in your hands: 'If God knows of any good in your hearts He will give you better than what has been taken from you, and He will forgive you; surely God is All-forgiving, All-compassionate.' And if they desire treachery against thee, they have tricked God before; but He has given thee power over them; and God is All-knowing, All-wise.
8: 72 - 75	Those who believed, and adopted exile, and fought for the Faith, with their property and their persons, in the cause of Allah, as well as those who gave (them) asylum and aid,- these are (all) friends and protectors, one of another. As to those who believed but came not into exile, ye owe no duty of protection to them until they come into exile; but if they seek your aid in religion, it is your duty to help them, except against a people with whom ye have a treaty of mutual alliance. And (remember) Allah seeth all that ye do. The Unbelievers are protectors, one of another: Unless ye do this, (protect each other), there would be tumult and oppression on earth, and great mischief. Those who believe, and adopt exile, and fight for the Faith, in the cause of Allah as well as those who give (them) asylum and aid,- these are (all) in very truth the Believers: for them is the forgiveness of sins and a provision most generous. And those who accept Faith subsequently, and adopt exile, and fight for the Faith in your company,- they are of you. But kindred by blood have prior rights against each other in the Book of Allah. Verily Allah is well-acquainted with all things.	Lo! those who believed and left their homes and strove with their wealth and their lives for the cause of Allah, and those who took them in and helped them: these are protecting friends one of another. And those who believed but did not leave their homes, ye have no duty to protect them till they leave their homes; but if they seek help from you in the matter of religion then it is your duty to help (them) except against a folk between whom and you there is a treaty. Allah is Seer of what ye do. And those who disbelieve are protectors one of another - If ye do not so, there will be confusion in the land, and great corruption. Those who believed and left their homes and strove for the cause of Allah, and those who took them in and helped them - these are the believers in truth. For them is pardon, and bountiful provision. And those who afterwards believed and left their homes and strove along with you, they are of you; and those who are akin are nearer one to another in the ordinance of Allah. Lo! Allah is Knower of all things.	Surely those who believed and fled (their homes) and struggled hard in Allah's way with their property and their souls, and those who gave shelter and helped— these are guardians of each other; and (as for) those who believed and did not fly, not yours is their guardianship until they fly; and if they seek aid from you in the matter of religion, aid is incumbent on you except against a people between whom and you there is a treaty, and Allah sees what you do. And (as for) those who disbelieve, some of them are the guardians of others; if you will not do it, there will be in the land persecution and great mischief. And (as for) those who believed and fled and struggled hard in Allah's way, and those who gave shelter and helped, these are the believers truly; they shall have forgiveness and honorable provision. And (as for) those who believed afterwards and fled and struggled hard along with you, they are of you; and the possessors of relationships are nearer to each other in the ordinance of Allah; surely Allah knows all things.	Those who believe, and have emigrated and struggled with their possessions and their selves in the way of God, and those who have given refuge and help -- those are friends one of another. And those who believe, but have not emigrated -- you have no duty of friendship towards them till they emigrate; yet if they ask you for help, for religion's sake, it is your duty to help them, except against a people between whom and you there is a compact; and God sees the things you do. As for the unbelievers, they are friends one of another. Unless you do this, there will be persecution in the land and great corruption. And those who believe, and have emigrated and struggled in the way of God, those who have given refuge and help those in truth are the believers, and theirs shall be forgiveness and generous provision. And those who have believed afterwards and emigrated, and struggled with you -- they belong to you; but those related by blood are nearer to one another in the Book of God; surely God has knowledge of everything.


9	from Medina	Surah At-Tawbah — "The Repentance" — the Ninth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, also known as al-Bara'ah — "the Ultimatum"
	Chronologically the 113th Surah of the Qur'an	Of the 114 Suwar, this Sura, At-Tawbah, is the only Sura without the bismillah:
			"b-ismi-llāhi r-raḥmāni r-raḥīmi" "In the name of god, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful"

		There is a general consensus among scholars that this Ninth Sura was the final sura purportedly revealed to Muhammad, except only the very short 110th Sura (114th chronologically), Surah An-Nasr. As such, and in accordance with the fundamental principle of Quranic interpretation of Abrogation as set forth in verse 2:106, where there is any conflict among other verses in the Qur'an and the 129 verses (ayat) which make up this Ninth Chapter, this Ninth Sura, the verse and principle therein expounded of this Ninth Sura is controlling. It is also worth noting that this Chapter - Sura was purportedly revealed near the time of the purported military expedition of Muhammad's forces against Christian Byzantium in October of 630 (Muhammad died on 8 June 632), most often called the Battle of Tabouk, though the Christian and Muslim armies did not engage, and there are no contemporary Byzantine accounts of the event.

English translations of:

Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)

Marmaduke Pickthall (P)

Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)

Arthur John Arberry (A)

9: 1-4	A (declaration) of immunity from Allah and His Messenger, to those of the Pagans with whom ye have contracted mutual alliances: Go ye, then, for four months, backwards and forwards, (as ye will), throughout the land, but know ye that ye cannot frustrate Allah (by your falsehood) but that Allah will cover with shame those who reject Him. And an announcement from Allah and His Messenger, to the people (assembled) on the day of the Great Pilgrimage,- that Allah and His Messenger dissolve (treaty) obligations with the Pagans. If then, ye repent, it were best for you; but if ye turn away, know ye that ye cannot frustrate Allah. And proclaim a grievous penalty to those who reject Faith. (But the treaties are) not dissolved with those Pagans with whom ye have entered into alliance and who have not subsequently failed you in aught, nor aided any one against you. So fulfil your engagements with them to the end of their term: for Allah loveth the righteous.		Freedom from obligation (is proclaimed) from Allah and His messenger toward those of the idolaters with whom ye made a treaty. Travel freely in the land four months, and know that ye cannot escape Allah and that Allah will confound the disbelievers (in His Guidance). And a proclamation from Allah and His messenger to all men on the day of the Greater Pilgrimage that Allah is free from obligation to the idolaters, and (so is) His messenger. So, if ye repent, it will be better for you; but if ye are averse, then know that ye cannot escape Allah. Give tidings (O Muhammad) of a painful doom to those who disbelieve, Excepting those of the idolaters with whom ye (Muslims) have a treaty, and who have since abated nothing of your right nor have supported anyone against you. (As for these), fulfil their treaty to them till their term. Lo! Allah loveth those who keep their duty (unto Him).	(This is a declaration of) immunity by Allah and His Messenger towards those of the idolaters with whom you made an agreement. So go about in the land for four months and know that you cannot weaken Allah and that Allah will bring disgrace to the unbelievers. And an announcement from Allah and His Messenger to the people on the day of the greater pilgrimage that Allah and His Messenger are free from liability to the idolaters; therefore if you repent, it will be better for you, and if you turn back, then know that you will not weaken Allah; and announce painful punishment to those who disbelieve. Except those of the idolaters with whom you made an agreement, then they have not failed you in anything and have not backed up any one against you, so fulfill their agreement to the end of their term; surely Allah loves those who are careful (of their duty).	An acquittal, from God and His Messenger, unto the idolaters with whom you made covenant: 'Journey freely in the land for four months; and know that you cannot frustrate the will of God, and that God degrades the unbelievers.' A proclamation, from God and His Messenger, unto mankind on the day of the Greater Pilgrimage: 'God is quit, and His Messenger, of the idolaters. So if you repent, that will be better for you; but if you turn your backs; know that you cannot frustrate the will of God. And give thou good tidings to the unbelievers of a painful chastisement; excepting those of the idolaters with whom you made covenant, then they failed you naught neither lent support to any man against you. With them fulfil your covenant till their term; surely God loves the godfearing.

9:5		(ayat as-sayf - though the title Sword Verse or Verse of the Sword is not itself Quranic, this title for this verse has been in use by Muslim scholars and commentators on Abrogation since the 10th century, such scholars tallying up as many as 124 previous verses abrogated by this most famous of Quranic verses. For example the 9th century Egyptian Muslim scholar Abu Jaʿfar An-Nahhas (died in the year 949), in his work on Abrogation, Al-Nasikh wa l-Mansukh, cites 113 Quranic verses which are cancelled or abrogated by Verse 9:5.)
	But when the forbidden months are past, then fight and slay the Pagans wherever ye find them, an seize them, beleaguer them, and lie in wait for them in every stratagem (of war); but if they repent, and establish regular prayers and practise regular charity, then open the way for them: for Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.		Then, when the sacred months have passed, slay the idolaters wherever ye find them, and take them (captive), and besiege them, and prepare for them each ambush. But if they repent and establish worship and pay the poor-due, then leave their way free. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.	So when the sacred months have passed away, then slay the idolaters wherever you find them, and take them captives and besiege them and lie in wait for them in every ambush, then if they repent and keep up prayer and pay the poor-rate, leave their way free to them; surely Allah is Forgiving, Merciful.	Then, when the sacred months are drawn away, slay the idolaters wherever you find them, and take them, and confine them, and lie in wait for them at every place of ambush. But if they repent, and perform the prayer, and pay the alms, then let them go their way; God is All-forgiving, All-compassionate.
9: 6-10	If one amongst the Pagans ask thee for asylum, grant it to him, so that he may hear the word of Allah; and then escort him to where he can be secure. That is because they are men without knowledge. How can there be a league, before Allah and His Messenger, with the Pagans, except those with whom ye made a treaty near the sacred Mosque? As long as these stand true to you, stand ye true to them: for Allah doth love the righteous. How (can there be such a league), seeing that if they get an advantage over you, they respect not in you the ties either of kinship or of covenant? With (fair words from) their mouths they entice you, but their hearts are averse from you; and most of them are rebellious and wicked. The Signs of Allah have they sold for a miserable price, and (many) have they hindered from His way: evil indeed are the deeds they have done. In a Believer they respect not the ties either of kinship or of covenant! It is they who have transgressed all bounds.		And if anyone of the idolaters seeketh thy protection (O Muhammad), then protect him so that he may hear the Word of Allah, and afterward convey him to his place of safety. That is because they are a folk who know not. How can there be a treaty with Allah and with His messenger for the idolaters save those with whom ye made a treaty at the Inviolable Place of Worship? So long as they are true to you, be true to them. Lo! Allah loveth those who keep their duty. How (can there be any treaty for the others) when, if they have the upper hand of you, they regard not pact nor honour in respect of you? They satisfy you with their mouths the while their hearts refuse. And most of them are wrongdoers. They have purchased with the revelations of Allah a little gain, so they debar (men) from His way. Lo! evil is that which they are wont to do. And they observe toward a believer neither pact nor honour. These are they who are transgressors.	And if one of the idolaters seek protection from you, grant him protection till he hears the word of Allah, then make him attain his place of safety; this is because they are a people who do not know. How can there be an agreement for the idolaters with Allah and with His Messenger; except those with whom you made an agreement at the Sacred Mosque? So as long as they are true to you, be true to them; surely Allah loves those who are careful (of their duty). How (can it be)! while if they prevail against you, they would not pay regard in your case to ties of relationship, nor those of covenant; they please you with their mouths while their hearts do not consent; and most of them are transgressors. They have taken a small price for the communications of Allah, so they turn away from His way; surely evil is it that they do. They do not pay regard to ties of relationship nor those of covenant in the case of a believer; and these are they who go beyond the limits.	And if any of the idolaters seeks of thee protection, grant him protection till he hears the words of God; then do thou convey him to his place of security --that, because they are a people who do not know. How should the idolaters have a covenant with God and His Messenger? -- excepting those with whom you made covenant at the Holy Mosque; so long as they go straight with you, do you go straight with them; surely God loves the godfearing. How? If they get the better of you, they will not observe towards you any bond or treaty, giving you satisfaction with their mouths but in their hearts refusing; and the most of them are ungodly. They have sold the signs of God for a small price, and have barred from His way; truly evil is that they have been doing, observing neither bond nor treaty towards a believer; they are the transgressors.
9: 11-15	But (even so), if they repent, establish regular prayers, and practise regular charity,- they are your brethren in Faith: (thus) do We explain the Signs in detail, for those who understand. But if they violate their oaths after their covenant, and taunt you for your Faith,- fight ye the chiefs of Unfaith: for their oaths are nothing to them: that thus they may be restrained. Will ye not fight people who violated their oaths, plotted to expel the Messenger, and took the aggressive by being the first (to assault) you? Do ye fear them? Nay, it is Allah Whom ye should more justly fear, if ye believe! Fight them, and Allah will punish them by your hands, cover them with shame, help you (to victory) over them, heal the breasts of Believers, And still the indignation of their hearts. For Allah will turn (in mercy) to whom He will; and Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.		But if they repent and establish worship and pay the poor-due, then are they your brethren in religion. We detail Our revelations for a people who have knowledge. And if they break their pledges after their treaty (hath been made with you) and assail your religion, then fight the heads of disbelief - Lo! they have no binding oaths - in order that they may desist. Will ye not fight a folk who broke their solemn pledges, and purposed to drive out the messenger and did attack you first? What! Fear ye them? Now Allah hath more right that ye should fear Him, if ye are believers. Fight them! Allah will chastise them at your hands, and He will lay them low and give you victory over them, and He will heal the breasts of folk who are believers. And He will remove the anger of their hearts. Allah relenteth toward whom He will. Allah is Knower, Wise.	But if they repent and keep up prayer and pay the poor-rate, they are your brethren in faith; and We make the communications clear for a people who know. And if they break their oaths after their agreement and (openly) revile your religion, then fight the leaders of unbelief— surely their oaths are nothing— so that they may desist. What! will you not fight a people who broke their oaths and aimed at the expulsion of the Messenger, and they attacked you first; do you fear them? But Allah is most deserving that you should fear Him, if you are believers. Fight them, Allah will punish them by your hands and bring them to disgrace, and assist you against them and heal the hearts of a believing people. And remove the rage of their hearts; and Allah turns (mercifully) to whom He pleases, and Allah is Knowing, Wise.	Yet if they repent, and perform the prayer, and pay the alms, then they are your brothers in religion; and We distinguish the signs for a people who know. But if they break their oaths after their covenant and thrust at your religion, then fight the leaders of unbelief; they have no sacred oaths; haply they will give over. Will you not fight a people who broke their oaths and purposed to expel the Messenger, beginning the first time against you? Are you afraid of them? You would do better to be afraid of God, if you are believers. Fight them, and God will chastise them at your hands and degrade them, and He will help you against them, and bring healing to the breasts of a people who believe, and He will remove the rage within their hearts; and God turns towards whomsoever He will; God is All-knowing, All-wise.
9: 16-20	Or think ye that ye shall be abandoned, as though Allah did not know those among you who strive with might and main, and take none for friends and protectors except Allah, His Messenger, and the (community of) Believers? But Allah is well-acquainted with (all) that ye do. It is not for such as join gods with Allah, to visit or maintain the mosques of Allah while they witness against their own souls to infidelity. The works of such bear no fruit: In Fire shall they dwell. The mosques of Allah shall be visited and maintained by such as believe in Allah and the Last Day, establish regular prayers, and practise regular charity, and fear none (at all) except Allah. It is they who are expected to be on true guidance. Do ye make the giving of drink to pilgrims, or the maintenance of the Sacred Mosque, equal to (the pious service of) those who believe in Allah and the Last Day, and strive with might and main in the cause of Allah? They are not comparable in the sight of Allah: and Allah guides not those who do wrong. Those who believe, and suffer exile and strive with might and main, in Allah's cause, with their goods and their persons, have the highest rank in the sight of Allah: they are the people who will achieve (salvation).		Or deemed ye that ye would be left (in peace) when Allah yet knoweth not those of you who strive, choosing for familiar none save Allah and His messenger and the believers? Allah is Informed of what ye do. It is not for the idolaters to tend Allah's sanctuaries, bearing witness against themselves of disbelief. As for such, their works are vain and in the Fire they will abide. He only shall tend Allah's sanctuaries who believeth in Allah and the Last Day and observeth proper worship and payeth the poor-due and feareth none save Allah. For such (only) is it possible that they can be of the rightly guided. Count ye the slaking of a pilgrim's thirst and tendance of the Inviolable Place of Worship as (equal to the worth of) him who believeth in Allah and the Last Day, and striveth in the way of Allah? They are not equal in the sight of Allah. Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk. Those who believe, and have left their homes and striven with their wealth and their lives in Allah's way are of much greater worth in Allah's sight. These are they who are triumphant.	What! do you think that you will be left alone while Allah has not yet known those of you who have struggled hard and have not taken any one as an adherent besides Allah and His Messenger and the believers; and Allah is aware of what you do. The idolaters have no right to visit the mosques of Allah while bearing witness to unbelief against themselves, these it is whose doings are null, and in the fire shall they abide. Only he shall visit the mosques of Allah who believes in Allah and the latter day, and keeps up prayer and pays the poor-rate and fears none but Allah; so (as for) these, it may be that they are of the followers of the right course. What! do you make (one who undertakes) the giving of drink to the pilgrims and the guarding of the Sacred Mosque like him who believes in Allah and the latter day and strives hard in Allah's way? They are not equal with Allah; and Allah does not guide the unjust people. Those who believed and fled (their homes), and strove hard in Allah's way with their property and their souls, are much higher in rank with Allah; and those are they who are the achievers (of their objects).	Or did you suppose you would be left in peace, and God knows not as yet those of you who have struggled, and taken not -- apart from God and His Messenger and the believers -- any intimate? God is aware of what you do. It is not for the idolaters to inhabit God's places of worship, witnessing against themselves unbelief; those -- their works have failed them, and in the Fire they shall dwell forever. Only he shall inhabit God's places of worship who believes in God and the Last Day, and performs the prayer, and pays the alms, and fears none but God alone; it may be that those will be among the guided. Do you reckon the giving of water to pilgrims and the inhabiting of the Holy Mosque as the same as one who believes in God and the Last Day and struggles in the way of God? Not equal are they in God's sight; and God guides not the people of the evildoers. Those who believe, and have emigrated, and have struggled in the way of God with their possessions and their selves are mightier in rank with God; and those -- they are the triumphant;
9: 21-28	Their Lord doth give them glad tidings of a Mercy from Himself, of His good pleasure, and of gardens for them, wherein are delights that endure: They will dwell therein for ever. Verily in Allah's presence is a reward, the greatest (of all). O ye who believe! take not for protectors your fathers and your brothers if they love infidelity above Faith: if any of you do so, they do wrong. Say: If it be that your fathers, your sons, your brothers, your mates, or your kindred; the wealth that ye have gained; the commerce in which ye fear a decline: or the dwellings in which ye delight - are dearer to you than Allah, or His Messenger, or the striving in His cause;- then wait until Allah brings about His decision: and Allah guides not the rebellious. Assuredly Allah did help you in many battle-fields and on the day of Hunain: Behold! your great numbers elated you, but they availed you naught: the land, for all that it is wide, did constrain you, and ye turned back in retreat. But Allah did pour His calm on the Messenger and on the Believers, and sent down forces which ye saw not: He punished the Unbelievers; thus doth He reward those without Faith. Again will Allah, after this, turn (in mercy) to whom He will: for Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. O ye who believe! Truly the Pagans are unclean; so let them not, after this year of theirs, approach the Sacred Mosque. And if ye fear poverty, soon will Allah enrich you, if He wills, out of His bounty, for Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise.		Their Lord giveth them good tidings of mercy from Him, and acceptance, and Gardens where enduring pleasure will be theirs; There they will abide for ever. Lo! with Allah there is immense reward. O ye who believe! Choose not your fathers nor your brethren for friends if they take pleasure in disbelief rather than faith. Whoso of you taketh them for friends, such are wrong-doers. Say: If your fathers, and your sons, and your brethren, and your wives, and your tribe, and the wealth ye have acquired, and merchandise for which ye fear that there will no sale, and dwellings ye desire are dearer to you than Allah and His messenger and striving in His way: then wait till Allah bringeth His command to pass. Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk. Allah hath given you victory on many fields and on the day of Huneyn, when ye exulted in your multitude but it availed you naught, and the earth, vast as it is, was straitened for you; then ye turned back in flight; Then Allah sent His peace of reassurance down upon His messenger and upon the believers, and sent down hosts ye could not see, and punished those who disbelieved. Such is the reward of disbelievers. Then afterward Allah will relent toward whom He will; for Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. O ye who believe! The idolaters only are unclean. So let them not come near the Inviolable Place of Worship after this their year. If ye fear poverty (from the loss of their merchandise) Allah shall preserve you of His bounty if He will. Lo! Allah is Knower, Wise.	Their Lord gives them good news of mercy from Himself and (His) good pleasure and gardens, wherein lasting blessings shall be theirs; Abiding therein for ever; surely Allah has a Mighty reward with Him. O you who believe! do not take your fathers and your brothers for guardians if they love unbelief more than belief; and whoever of you takes them for a guardian, these it is that are the unjust. Say: If your fathers and your sons and your brethren and your mates and your kinsfolk and property which you have acquired, and the slackness of trade which you fear and dwellings which you like, are dearer to you than Allah and His Messenger and striving in His way, then wait till Allah brings about His command: and Allah does not guide the transgressing people. Certainly Allah helped you in many battlefields and on the day of Hunain, when your great numbers made you vain, but they availed you nothing and the earth became strait to you notwithstanding its spaciousness, then you turned back retreating. Then Allah sent down His tranquillity upon His Messenger and upon the believers, and sent down hosts which you did not see, and chastised those who disbelieved, and that is the reward of the unbelievers. Then will Allah after this turn (mercifully) to whom He pleases, and Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. O you who believe! the idolaters are nothing but unclean, so they shall not approach the Sacred Mosque after this year; and if you fear poverty then Allah will enrich you out of His grace if He please; surely Allah is Knowing Wise.	their Lord gives them good tidings of mercy from Him and good pleasure; for them await gardens wherein is lasting bliss, therein to dwell forever and ever; surely with God is a mighty wage. O believers, take not your fathers and brothers to be your friends, if they prefer unbelief to belief; whosoever of you takes them for friends, those -- they are the evildoers. Say: 'If your fathers, your sons, your brothers, your wives, your clan, your possessions that you have gained, commerce you fear may slacken, dwellings you love -- if these are dearer to you than God and His Messenger, and to struggle in His way, then wait till God brings His command; God guides not the people of the ungodly.' God has already helped you on many fields, and on the day of Hunain, when your multitude was pleasing to you, but it availed you naught, and the land for all its breadth was strait for you, and you turned about, retreating. Then God sent down upon His Messenger His Shechina, and upon the believers, and He sent down legions you did not see, and He chastised the unbelievers; and that is the recompense of the unbelievers; then God thereafter turns towards whom He will; God is All-forgiving, All- compassionate. O believers, the idolaters are indeed unclean; so let them not come near the Holy Mosque after this year of theirs. If you fear poverty, God shall surely enrich you of His bounty, if He will; God is All-knowing; All-wise.


9: 29-30	Fight those who believe not in Allah nor the Last Day, nor hold that forbidden which hath been forbidden by Allah and His Messenger, nor acknowledge the religion of Truth, (even if they are) of the People of the Book, until they pay the Jizya with willing submission, and feel themselves subdued. The Jews call 'Uzair a son of Allah, and the Christians call Christ the son of Allah. That is a saying from their mouth; (in this) they but imitate what the unbelievers of old used to say. Allah's curse be on them: how they are deluded away from the Truth!		Fight against such of those who have been given the Scripture as believe not in Allah nor the Last Day, and forbid not that which Allah hath forbidden by His messenger, and follow not the Religion of Truth, until they pay the tribute readily, being brought low. And the Jews say: Ezra is the son of Allah, and the Christians say: The Messiah is the son of Allah. That is their saying with their mouths. They imitate the saying of those who disbelieved of old. Allah (Himself) fighteth against them. How perverse are they!	Fight those who do not believe in Allah, nor in the latter day, nor do they prohibit what Allah and His Messenger have prohibited, nor follow the religion of truth, out of those who have been given the Book, until they pay the tax in acknowledgment of superiority and they are in a state of subjection. And the Jews say: Uzair is the son of Allah; and the Christians say: The Messiah is the son of Allah; these are the words of their mouths; they imitate the saying of those who disbelieved before; may Allah destroy them; how they are turned away!	Fight those who believe not in God and the Last Day and do not forbid what God and His Messenger have forbidden -- such men as practise not the religion of truth, being of those who have been given the Book [Christians and Jews]-- until they pay the tribute out of hand and have been humbled. The Jews say, 'Ezra is the Son of God'; the Christians say, 'The Messiah is the Son of God.' That is the utterance of their mouths, conforming with the unbelievers before them. God assail them! How they are perverted!

9: 31-35	They take their priests and their anchorites to be their lords in derogation of Allah, and (they take as their Lord) Christ the son of Mary; yet they were commanded to worship but One Allah: there is no god but He. Praise and glory to Him: (Far is He) from having the partners they associate (with Him). Fain would they extinguish Allah's light with their mouths, but Allah will not allow but that His light should be perfected, even though the Unbelievers may detest (it). It is He Who hath sent His Messenger with guidance and the Religion of Truth, to proclaim it over all religion, even though the Pagans may detest (it). O ye who believe! there are indeed many among the priests and anchorites, who in Falsehood devour the substance of men and hinder (them) from the way of Allah. And there are those who bury gold and silver and spend it not in the way of Allah: announce unto them a most grievous penalty- On the Day when heat will be produced out of that (wealth) in the fire of Hell, and with it will be branded their foreheads, their flanks, and their backs, their flanks, and their backs.- "This is the (treasure) which ye buried for yourselves: taste ye, then, the (treasures) ye buried!"		They have taken as lords beside Allah their rabbis and their monks and the Messiah son of Mary, when they were bidden to worship only One Allah. There is no God save Him. Be He Glorified from all that they ascribe as partner (unto Him)! Fain would they put out the light of Allah with their mouths, but Allah disdaineth (aught) save that He shall perfect His light, however much the disbelievers are averse. He it is Who hath sent His messenger with the guidance and the Religion of Truth, that He may cause it to prevail over all religion, however much the idolaters may be averse. O ye who believe! Lo! many of the (Jewish) rabbis and the (Christian) monks devour the wealth of mankind wantonly and debar (men) from the way of Allah. They who hoard up gold and silver and spend it not in the way of Allah, unto them give tidings (O Muhammad) of a painful doom, On the day when it will (all) be heated in the fire of hell, and their foreheads and their flanks and their backs will be branded therewith (and it will be said unto them): Here is that which ye hoarded for yourselves. Now taste of what ye used to hoard.	They have taken their doctors of law and their monks for lords besides Allah, and (also) the Messiah son of Marium and they were enjoined that they should serve one Allah only, there is no god but He; far from His glory be what they set up (with Him). They desire to put out the light of Allah with their mouths, and Allah will not consent save to perfect His light, though the unbelievers are averse. He it is Who sent His Messenger with guidance and the religion of truth, that He might cause it to prevail over all religions, though the polytheists may be averse. O you who believe! most surely many of the doctors of law and the monks eat away the property of men falsely, and turn (them) from Allah's way; and (as for) those who hoard up gold and silver and do not spend it in Allah's way, announce to them a painful chastisement, On the day when it shall be heated in the fire of hell, then their foreheads and their sides and their backs shall be branded with it; this is what you hoarded up for yourselves, therefore taste what you hoarded.	They have taken their rabbis and their monks as lords apart from God, and the Messiah, Mary's son -- and they were commanded to serve but One God; there is no god but He; glory be to Him, above that they associate -- desiring to extinguish with their mouths God's light; and God refuses but to perfect His light, though the unbelievers be averse. It is He who has sent His Messenger with the guidance and the religion of truth, that He may uplift it above every religion, though the unbelievers be averse. O believers, many of the rabbis and monks indeed consume the goods of the people in vanity and bar from God's way. Those who treasure up gold and silver, and do not expend them in the way of God -- give them the good tidings of a painful chastisement, the day they shall be heated in the fire of Gehenna and therewith their foreheads and their sides and their backs shall be branded: 'This is the thing you have treasured up for yourselves; therefore taste you now what you were treasuring!'
9: 36-40	The number of months in the sight of Allah is twelve (in a year)- so ordained by Him the day He created the heavens and the earth; of them four are sacred: that is the straight usage. So wrong not yourselves therein, and fight the Pagans all together as they fight you all together. But know that Allah is with those who restrain themselves. Verily the transposing (of a prohibited month) is an addition to Unbelief: the Unbelievers are led to wrong thereby: for they make it lawful one year, and forbidden another year, in order to adjust the number of months forbidden by Allah and make such forbidden ones lawful. The evil of their course seems pleasing to them. But Allah guideth not those who reject Faith. O ye who believe! what is the matter with you, that, when ye are asked to go forth in the cause of Allah, ye cling heavily to the earth? Do ye prefer the life of this world to the Hereafter? But little is the comfort of this life, as compared with the Hereafter. Unless ye go forth, He will punish you with a grievous penalty, and put others in your place; but Him ye would not harm in the least. For Allah hath power over all things. If ye help not (your leader), (it is no matter): for Allah did indeed help him, when the Unbelievers drove him out: he had no more than one companion; they two were in the cave, and he said to his companion, "Have no fear, for Allah is with us": then Allah sent down His peace upon him, and strengthened him with forces which ye saw not, and humbled to the depths the word of the Unbelievers. But the word of Allah is exalted to the heights: for Allah is Exalted in Might, Wise.		Lo! the number of the months with Allah is twelve months by Allah's ordinance in the day that He created the heavens and the earth. Four of them are sacred: that is the right religion. So wrong not yourselves in them. And wage war on all of the idolaters as they are waging war on all of you. And know that Allah is with those who keep their duty (unto Him). Postponement (of a sacred month) is only an excess of disbelief whereby those who disbelieve are misled; they allow it one year and forbid it (another) year, that they may make up the number of the months which Allah hath hallowed, so that they allow that which Allah hath forbidden. The evil of their deeds is made fairseeming unto them. Allah guideth not the disbelieving folk. O ye who believe! What aileth you that when it is said unto you: Go forth in the way of Allah, ye are bowed down to the ground with heaviness. Take ye pleasure in the life of the world rather than in the Hereafter? The comfort of the life of the world is but little in the Hereafter. If ye go not forth He will afflict you with a painful doom, and will choose instead of you a folk other than you. Ye cannot harm Him at all. Allah is Able to do all things. If ye help him not, still Allah helped him when those who disbelieve drove him forth, the second of two; when they two were in the cave, when he said unto his comrade: Grieve not. Lo! Allah is with us. Then Allah caused His peace of reassurance to descend upon him and supported him with hosts ye cannot see, and made the word of those who disbelieved the nethermost, while Allah's Word it was that became the uppermost. Allah is Mighty, Wise.	Surely the number of months with Allah is twelve months in Allah's ordinance since the day when He created the heavens and the earth, of these four being sacred; that is the right reckoning; therefore be not unjust to yourselves regarding them, and fight the polytheists all together as they fight you all together; and know that Allah is with those who guard (against evil). Postponing (of the sacred month) is only an addition in unbelief, wherewith those who disbelieve are led astray, violating it one year and keeping it sacred another, that they may agree in the number (of months) that Allah has made sacred, and thus violate what Allah has made sacred; the evil of their doings is made fairseeming to them; and Allah does not guide the unbelieving people. O you who believe! What (excuse) have you that when it is said to you: Go forth in Allah's way, you should incline heavily to earth; are you contented with this world's life instead of the hereafter? But the provision of this world's life compared with the hereafter is but little. If you do not go forth, He will chastise you with a painful chastisement and bring in your place a people other than you, and you will do Him no harm; and Allah has power over all things. If you will not aid him, Allah certainly aided him when those who disbelieved expelled him, he being the second of the two, when they were both in the cave, when he said to his companion: Grieve not, surely Allah is with us. So Allah sent down His tranquillity upon him and strengthened him with hosts which you did not see, and made lowest the word of those who disbelieved; and the word of Allah, that is the highest; and Allah is Mighty, Wise.	The number of the months, with God, is twelve in the Book of God, the day that He created the heavens and the earth; four of them are sacred. That is the right religion. So wrong not each other during them. And fight the unbelievers totally even as they fight you totally and know that God is with the godfearing. The month postponed is an increase of unbelief whereby the unbelievers go astray; one year they make it profane, and hallow it another, to agree with the number that God has hallowed, and so profane what God has hallowed. Decked out fair to them are their evil deeds; and God guides not the people of the unbelievers. O believers, what is amiss with you, that when it is said to you, 'Go forth in the way of God,' you sink down heavily to the ground? Are you so content with this present life, rather than the world to come? Yet the enjoyment of this present life, compared with the world to come, is a little thing. If you go not forth, He will chastise you with a painful chastisement, and instead of you He will substitute another people; and you will not hurt Him anything, for God is powerful over everything. If you do not help him, yet God has helped him already, when the unbelievers drove him forth the second of two, when the two were in the Cave, when he said to his companion, 'Sorrow not; surely God is with us.' Then God sent down on him His Shechina, and confirmed him with legions you did not see; and He made the word of the unbelievers the lowest; and God's word is the uppermost; God is All-mighty, All-wise.
9: 41-45	Go ye forth, (whether equipped) lightly or heavily, and strive and struggle, with your goods and your persons, in the cause of Allah. That is best for you, if ye (but) knew. If there had been immediate gain (in sight), and the journey easy, they would (all) without doubt have followed thee, but the distance was long, (and weighed) on them. They would indeed swear by Allah, "If we only could, we should certainly have come out with you": They would destroy their own souls; for Allah doth know that they are certainly lying. Allah give thee grace! why didst thou grant them exemption until those who told the truth were seen by thee in a clear light, and thou hadst proved the liars? Those who believe in Allah and the Last Day ask thee for no exemption from fighting with their goods and persons. And Allah knoweth well those who do their duty. Only those ask thee for exemption who believe not in Allah and the Last Day, and whose hearts are in doubt, so that they are tossed in their doubts to and fro.		Go forth, light-armed and heavy-armed, and strive with your wealth and your lives in the way of Allah! That is best for you if ye but knew. Had it been a near adventure and an easy journey they had followed thee, but the distance seemed too far for them. Yet will they swear by Allah (saying): If we had been able we would surely have set out with you. They destroy their souls, and Allah knoweth that they verily are liars. Allah forgive thee (O Muhammad)! Wherefore didst thou grant them leave ere those who told the truth were manifest to thee and thou didst know the liars? Those who believe in Allah and the Last Day ask no leave of thee lest they should strive with their wealth and their lives. Allah is Aware of those who keep their duty (unto Him). They alone ask leave of thee who believe not in Allah and the Last Day, and whose hearts feel doubt, so in their doubt they waver.	Go forth light and heavy, and strive hard in Allah's way with your property and your persons; this is better for you, if you know. Had it been a near advantage and a short journey, they would certainly have followed you, but the tedious journey was too long for them; and they swear by Allah: If we had been able, we would certainly have gone forth with you; they cause their own souls to perish, and Allah knows that they are most surely liars. Allah pardon you! Why did you give them leave until those who spoke the truth had become manifest to you and you had known the liars? They do not ask leave of you who believe in Allah and the latter day (to stay away) from striving hard with their property and their persons, and Allah knows those who guard (against evil). They only ask leave of you who do not believe in Allah and the latter day and their hearts are in doubt, so in their doubt do they waver.	Go forth, light and heavy! Struggle in God's way with your possessions and your selves; that is better for you, did you know. Were it a gain near at hand, and an easy journey, they would have followed thee; but the distance was too far for them. Still they will swear by God, 'Had we been able, we would have gone out with you,' so destroying their souls; and God knows that they are truly liars. God pardon thee! Why gavest thou them leave, till it was clear to thee which of them spoke the truth, and thou knewest the liars? Those who believe in God and the Last Day ask not leave of thee, that they may struggle with their possessions and their selves; and God knows the godfearing. They only ask leave of thee who believe not in God and the Last Day, those whose hearts are filled with doubt, so that in their doubt they go this way and that.
9: 46-50	If they had intended to come out, they would certainly have made some preparation therefor; but Allah was averse to their being sent forth; so He made them lag behind, and they were told, "Sit ye among those who sit (inactive)." If they had come out with you, they would not have added to your (strength) but only (made for) disorder, hurrying to and fro in your midst and sowing sedition among you, and there would have been some among you who would have listened to them. But Allah knoweth well those who do wrong. Indeed they had plotted sedition before, and upset matters for thee, until,- the Truth arrived, and the Decree of Allah became manifest much to their disgust. Among them is (many) a man who says: "Grant me exemption and draw me not into trial." Have they not fallen into trial already? and indeed Hell surrounds the Unbelievers (on all sides). If good befalls thee, it grieves them; but if a misfortune befalls thee, they say, "We took indeed our precautions beforehand," and they turn away rejoicing.		And if they had wished to go forth they would assuredly have made ready some equipment, but Allah was averse to their being sent forth and held them back and it was said (unto them): Sit ye with the sedentary! Had they gone forth among you they had added to you naught save trouble and had hurried to and fro among you, seeking to cause sedition among you; and among you there are some who would have listened to them. Allah is Aware of evil-doers. Aforetime they sought to cause sedition and raised difficulties for thee till the Truth came and the decree of Allah was made manifest, though they were loth. Of them is he who saith: Grant me leave (to stay at home) and tempt me not. Surely it is into temptation that they (thus) have fallen. Lo! hell verily is all around the disbelievers. If good befalleth thee (O Muhammad) it afflicteth them, and if calamity befalleth thee, they say: We took precaution, and they turn away well pleased.	And if they had intended to go forth, they would certainly have provided equipment for it, but Allah did not like their going forth, so He withheld them, and it was said (to them): Hold back with those who hold back. Had they gone forth with you, they would not have added to you aught save corruption, and they would certainly have hurried about among you seeking (to sow) dissension among you, and among you there are those who hearken for their sake; and Allah knows the unjust. Certainly they sought (to sow) dissension before, and they meditated plots against you until the truth came, and Allah's commandment prevailed although they were averse (from it). And among them there is he who says: Allow me and do not try me. Surely into trial have they already tumbled down, and most surely hell encompasses the unbelievers. If good befalls you, it grieves them, and if hardship afflicts you, they say: Indeed we had taken care of our affair before; and they turn back and are glad.	If they had desired to go forth, they would have made some preparation for it; but God was averse that they should be aroused, so He made them pause, and it was said to them, 'Tarry you with the tarriers.' Had they gone forth among you, they would only have increased you in trouble, and run to and fro in your midst, seeking to stir up sedition between you; and some of you would listen to them; and God knows the evildoers. They sought to stir up sedition already before, and turned things upside down for thee, until the truth came, and God's command appeared, though they were averse. Some of them there are that say, 'Give me leave and do not tempt me.' Have not such men fallen into temptation? And surely Gehenna encompasses the unbelievers. If good fortune befalls thee, it vexes them; but if thou art visited by an affliction, they say, 'We took our dispositions before', and turn away, rejoicing.
9: 51-55	Say: "Nothing will happen to us except what Allah has decreed for us: He is our protector": and on Allah let the Believers put their trust. Say: "Can you expect for us (any fate) other than one of two glorious things- (Martyrdom or victory)? But we can expect for you either that Allah will send his punishment from Himself, or by our hands. So wait (expectant); we too will wait with you." Say: "Spend (for the cause) willingly or unwillingly: not from you will it be accepted: for ye are indeed a people rebellious and wicked." The only reasons why their contributions are not accepted are: that they reject Allah and His Messenger; that they come to prayer without earnestness; and that they offer contributions unwillingly. Let not their wealth nor their (following in) sons dazzle thee: in reality Allah's plan is to punish them with these things in this life, and that their souls may perish in their (very) denial of Allah.		Say: Naught befalleth us save that which Allah hath decreed for us. He is our Protecting Friend. In Allah let believers put their trust! Say: Can ye await for us aught save one of two good things (death or victory in Allah's way)? while we await for you that Allah will afflict you with a doom from Him or at our hands. Await then! Lo! We are awaiting with you. Say: Pay (your contribution), willingly or unwillingly, it will not be accepted from you. Lo! ye were ever froward folk. And naught preventeth that their contributions should be accepted from them save that they have disbelieved in Allah and in His messenger, and they come not to worship save as idlers, and pay not (their contribution) save reluctantly. So let not their riches nor their children please thee (O Muhammad). Allah thereby intendeth but to punish them in the life of the world and that their souls shall pass away while they are disbelievers.	Say: Nothing will afflict us save what Allah has ordained for us; He is our Patron; and on Allah let the believers rely. Say: Do you await for us but one of two most excellent things? And we await for you that Allah will afflict you with punishment from Himself or by our hands. So wait; we too will wait with you. Say: Spend willingly or unwillingly, it shall not be accepted from you; surely you are a transgressing people. And nothing hinders their spendings being accepted from them, except that they disbelieve in Allah and in His Messenger and they do not come to prayer but while they are sluggish, and they do not spend but while they are unwilling. Let not then their property and their children excite your admiration; Allah only wishes to chastise them with these in this world's life and (that) their souls may depart while they are unbelievers.	Say: 'Naught shall visit us but what God has prescribed for us; He is our Protector; in God let the believers put all their trust.' Say: 'Are you awaiting for aught to come to us but one of the two rewards most fair? We are awaiting in your case too, for God to visit you with chastisement from Him, or at our hands; so await; we are awaiting with you.' Say: 'Expend willingly, or unwillingly, it shall not be accepted from you; you are surely a people ungodly.' And naught prevents that their expendings should be accepted from them, but that they believe not in God and His Messenger, and perform not the prayer save lazily, and that they expend not without they are averse. So let not their possessions or their children please thee; God only desires thereby to chastise them in this present life, and that their souls should depart while they are unbelievers.
9: 56-60	They swear by Allah that they are indeed of you; but they are not of you: yet they are afraid (to appear in their true colours). If they could find a place to flee to, or caves, or a place of concealment, they would turn straightaway thereto, with an obstinate rush. And among them are men who slander thee in the matter of (the distribution of) the alms: if they are given part thereof, they are pleased, but if not, behold! they are indignant! If only they had been content with what Allah and His Messenger gave them, and had said, "Sufficient unto us is Allah! Allah and His Messenger will soon give us of His bounty: to Allah do we turn our hopes!" (that would have been the right course). Alms are for the poor and the needy, and those employed to administer the (funds); for those whose hearts have been (recently) reconciled (to Truth); for those in bondage and in debt; in the cause of Allah; and for the wayfarer: (thus is it) ordained by Allah, and Allah is full of knowledge and wisdom.		And they swear by Allah that they are in truth of you, when they are not of you, but they are folk who are afraid. Had they but found a refuge, or caverns, or a place to enter, they surely had resorted thither swift as runaways. And of them is he who defameth thee in the matter of the alms. If they are given thereof they are content, and if they are not given thereof, behold! they are enraged. (How much more seemly) had they been content with that which Allah and His messenger had given them and had said: Allah sufficeth us. Allah will give us of His bounty, and (also) His messenger. Unto Allah we are suppliants. The alms are only for the poor and the needy, and those who collect them, and those whose hearts are to be reconciled, and to free the captives and the debtors, and for the cause of Allah, and (for) the wayfarer; a duty imposed by Allah. Allah is Knower, Wise.	And they swear by Allah that they are most surely of you, and they are not of you, but they are a people who are afraid (of you). If they could find a refuge or cave or a place to enter into, they would certainly have turned thereto, running away in all haste. And of them there are those who blame you with respect to the alms; so if they are given from it they are pleased, and if they are not given from it, lo! they are full of rage. And if they were content with what Allah and His Messenger gave them, and had said: Allah is sufficient for us; Allah will soon give us (more) out of His grace and His Messenger too; surely to Allah do we make our petition. Alms are only for the poor and the needy, and the officials (appointed) over them, and those whose hearts are made to incline (to truth) and the (ransoming of) captives and those in debts and in the way of Allah and the wayfarer; an ordinance from Allah; and Allah is knowing, Wise.	They swear by God that they belong with you, but they are not of you they are a people that are afraid. If they could find a shelter, or some caverns, or any place to creep into, they would turn about and bolt away to it. Some of them find fault with thee touching the freewill offerings; if they are given a share of them they are well-pleased, but if they are given none then they are angry. O were they well-pleased with what God and His Messenger have brought them, saying, 'Enough for us is God; God will bring us of His bounty, and His Messenger; to God we humbly turn.' The freewill offerings are for the poor and needy, those who work to collect them, those whose hearts are brought together, the ransoming of slaves, debtors, in God's way, and the traveller; so God ordains; God is All-knowing, All-wise.
9: 61-65	Among them are men who molest the Prophet and say, "He is (all) ear." Say, "He listens to what is best for you: he believes in Allah, has faith in the Believers, and is a Mercy to those of you who believe." But those who molest the Messenger will have a grievous penalty. To you they swear by Allah. In order to please you: But it is more fitting that they should please Allah and His Messenger, if they are Believers. Know they not that for those who oppose Allah and His Messenger, is the Fire of Hell?- wherein they shall dwell. That is the supreme disgrace. The Hypocrites are afraid lest a Sura should be sent down about them, showing them what is (really passing) in their hearts. Say: "Mock ye! But verily Allah will bring to light all that ye fear (should be revealed)." If thou dost question them, they declare (with emphasis): "We were only talking idly and in play." Say: "Was it at Allah, and His Signs, and His Messenger, that ye were mocking?"		And of them are those who vex the Prophet and say: He is only a hearer. Say: A hearer of good for you, who believeth in Allah and is true to the believers, and a mercy for such of you as believe. Those who vex the messenger of Allah, for them there is a painful doom. They swear by Allah to you (Muslims) to please you, but Allah, with His messenger, hath more right that they should please Him if they are believers. Know they not that whoso opposeth Allah and His messenger, his verily is fire of hell, to abide therein? That is the extreme abasement. The hypocrites fear lest a surah should be revealed concerning them, proclaiming what is in their hearts. Say: Scoff (your fill)! Lo! Allah is disclosing what ye fear. And if thou ask them (O Muhammad) they will say: We did but talk and jest. Say: Was it at Allah and His revelations and His messenger that ye did scoff?	And there are some of them who molest the Prophet and say: He is one who believes every thing that he hears; say: A hearer of good for you (who) believes in Allah and believes the faithful and a mercy for those of you who believe; and (as for) those who molest the Messenger of Allah, they shall have a painful punishment. They swear to you by Allah that they might please you and, Allah, as well as His Messenger, has a greater right that they should please Him, if they are believers. Do they not know that whoever acts in opposition to Allah and His Messenger, he shall surely have the fire of hell to abide in it? That is the grievous abasement. The hypocrites fear lest a Chapter should be sent down to them telling them plainly of what is in their hearts. Say: Go on mocking, surely Allah will bring forth what you fear. And if you should question them, they would certainly say: We were only idly discoursing and sporting. Say: Was it at Allah and His communications and His Messenger that you mocked?	And some of them hurt the Prophet, saying, 'He is an ear!' Say: 'An ear of good for you; he believes in God, and believes the believers, and he is a mercy to the believers among you. Those who hurt God's Messenger -- for them awaits a painful chastisement.' They swear to you by God, to please you; but God and His Messenger -- more right is it they should please Him, if they are believers. Do they not know that whosoever opposes God and His Messenger -- for him awaits the fire of Gehenna, therein to dwell forever? That is the mighty degradation. The hypocrites are afraid, lest a sura should be sent down against them, telling thee what is in their hearts. Say: 'Mock on; God will bring forth what you fear.' And if thou questionest them, then assuredly they will say, 'We were only plunging and playing.' Say: 'What, then were you mocking God, and His signs, and His Messenger?
9: 66-70	Make ye no excuses: ye have rejected Faith after ye had accepted it. If We pardon some of you, We will punish others amongst you, for that they are in sin. The Hypocrites, men and women, (have an understanding) with each other: They enjoin evil, and forbid what is just, and are close with their hands. They have forgotten Allah; so He hath forgotten them. Verily the Hypocrites are rebellious and perverse. Allah hath promised the Hypocrites men and women, and the rejecters, of Faith, the fire of Hell: Therein shall they dwell: Sufficient is it for them: for them is the curse of Allah, and an enduring punishment,- As in the case of those before you: they were mightier than you in power, and more flourishing in wealth and children. They had their enjoyment of their portion: and ye have of yours, as did those before you; and ye indulge in idle talk as they did. They!- their work are fruitless in this world and in the Hereafter, and they will lose (all spiritual good). Hath not the story reached them of those before them?- the People of Noah, and 'Ad, and Thamud; the People of Abraham, the men of Midian, and the cities overthrown. To them came their messengers with clear signs. It is not Allah Who wrongs them, but they wrong their own souls.		Make no excuse. Ye have disbelieved after your (confession of) belief. If We forgive a party of you, a party of you We shall punish because they have been guilty. The hypocrites, both men and women, proceed one from another. They enjoin the wrong, and they forbid the right, and they withhold their hands (from spending for the cause of Allah). They forget Allah, so He hath forgotten them. Lo! the hypocrites, they are the transgressors. Allah promiseth the hypocrites, both men and women, and the disbelievers fire of hell for their abode. It will suffice them. Allah curseth them, and theirs is lasting torment. Even as those before you who were mightier than you in strength, and more affluent than you in wealth and children. They enjoyed their lot awhile, so ye enjoy your lot awhile even as those before you did enjoy their lot awhile. And ye prate even as they prated. Such are they whose works have perished in the world and the Hereafter. Such are they who are the losers. Hath not the fame of those before them reached them - the folk of Noah, A'ad, Thamud, the folk of Abraham, the dwellers of Midian and the disasters (which befell them)? Their messengers (from Allah) came unto them with proofs (of Allah's Sovereignty). So Allah surely wronged them not, but they did wrong themselves.	Do not make excuses; you have denied indeed after you had believed; if We pardon a party of you, We will chastise (another) party because they are guilty. The hypocritical men and the hypocritical women are all alike; they enjoin evil and forbid good and withhold their hands; they have forsaken Allah, so He has forsaken them; surely the hypocrites are the transgressors. Allah has promised the hypocritical men and the hypocritical women and the unbelievers the fire of hell to abide therein; it is enough for them; and Allah has cursed them and they shall have lasting punishment. Like those before you; they were stronger than you in power and more abundant in wealth and children, so they enjoyed their portion; thus have you enjoyed your portion as those before you enjoyed their portion; and you entered into vain discourses like the vain discourses in which entered those before you. These are they whose works are null in this world and the hereafter, and these are they who are the losers. Has not the news of those before them come to them; of the people of Nuh and Ad and Samood, and the people of Ibrahim and the dwellers of Madyan and the overthrown cities; their messengers came to them with clear arguments; so it was not Allah Who should do them injustice, but they were unjust to themselves.	Make no excuses. You have disbelieved after your believing. If We forgive one party of you, We will chastise another party for that they were sinners.' The hypocrites, the men and the women, are as one another; they bid to dishonour, and forbid honour; they keep their hands shut; they have forgotten God, and He has forgotten them. The hypocrites -- they are the ungodly. God has promised the hypocrites, men and women, and the unbelievers, the fire of Gehenna, therein to dwell foreover. That is enough for them; God has cursed them; and there awaits them a lasting chastisement. Like those before you, who were stronger than you in might, and more abundant in wealth and children; they took enjoyment in their share; so do you take enjoyment in your share, as those before you took enjoyment in their share. You have plunged as they plunged. Those -- their works have failed in this world and in the world to come; those -- they are the losers. Has there not come to you the tidings of those who were before you -- the people of Noah, Ad, Thamood, the people of Abraham, the men of Midian and the subverted cities? Their Messengers came to them with the clear signs God would not wrong them, but themselves they wronged.
9: 71-75	The Believers, men and women, are protectors one of another: they enjoin what is just, and forbid what is evil: they observe regular prayers, practise regular charity, and obey Allah and His Messenger. On them will Allah pour His mercy: for Allah is Exalted in Power, Wise. Allah hath promised to Believers, men and women, gardens under which rivers flow, to dwell therein, and beautiful mansions in gardens of everlasting bliss. But the greatest bliss is the good pleasure of Allah: that is the supreme felicity. O Prophet! strive hard against the unbelievers and the Hypocrites, and be firm against them. Their abode is Hell,- an evil refuge indeed. They swear by Allah that they said nothing (evil), but indeed they uttered blasphemy, and they did it after accepting Islam; and they meditated a plot which they were unable to carry out: this revenge of theirs was (their) only return for the bounty with which Allah and His Messenger had enriched them! If they repent, it will be best for them; but if they turn back (to their evil ways), Allah will punish them with a grievous penalty in this life and in the Hereafter: They shall have none on earth to protect or help them. Amongst them are men who made a covenant with Allah, that if He bestowed on them of His bounty, they would give (largely) in charity, and be truly amongst those who are righteous.		And the believers, men and women, are protecting friends one of another; they enjoin the right and forbid the wrong, and they establish worship and they pay the poor-due, and they obey Allah and His messenger. As for these, Allah will have mercy on them. Lo! Allah is Mighty, Wise. Allah promiseth to the believers, men and women, Gardens underneath which rivers flow, wherein they will abide - blessed dwellings in Gardens of Eden. And - greater (far)! - acceptance from Allah. That is the supreme triumph. O Prophet! Strive against the disbelievers and the hypocrites! Be harsh with them. Their ultimate abode is hell, a hapless journey's end. They swear by Allah that they said nothing (wrong), yet they did say the word of disbelief, and did disbelieve after their Surrender (to Allah). And they purposed that which they could not attain, and they sought revenge only that Allah by His messenger should enrich them of His bounty. If they repent it will be better for them; and if they turn away, Allah will afflict them with a painful doom in the world and the Hereafter, and they have no protecting friend nor helper in the earth. And of them is he who made a covenant with Allah (saying): If He give us of His bounty we will give alms and become of the righteous.	And (as for) the believing men and the believing women, they are guardians of each other; they enjoin good and forbid evil and keep up prayer and pay the poor-rate, and obey Allah and His Messenger; (as for) these, Allah will show mercy to them; surely Allah is Mighty, Wise. Allah has promised to the believing men and the believing women gardens, beneath which rivers flow, to abide in them, and goodly dwellings in gardens of perpetual abode; and best of all is Allah's goodly pleasure; that is the grand achievement. O Prophet! strive hard against the unbelievers and the hypocrites and be unyielding to them; and their abode is hell, and evil is the destination. They swear by Allah that they did not speak, and certainly they did speak, the word of unbelief, and disbelieved after their Islam, and they had determined upon what they have not been able to effect, and they did not find fault except because Allah and His Messenger enriched them out of His grace; therefore if they repent, it will be good for them; and if they turn back, Allah will chastise them with a painful chastisement in this world and the hereafter, and they shall not have in the land any guardian or a helper. And there are those of them who made a covenant with Allah: If He give us out of His grace, we will certainly give alms and we will certainly be of the good.	And the believers, the men and the women, are friends one of the other; they bid to honour, and forbid dishonour; they perform the prayer, and pay the alms, and they obey God and His Messenger. Those -- upon them God will have mercy; God is All-mighty, All-wise. God has promised the believers, men and women, gardens underneath which rivers flow, forever therein to dwell, and goodly dwelling-places in the Gardens of Eden; and greater, God's good pleasure; that is the mighty triumph. O Prophet, struggle with the unbelievers and hypocrites, and be thou harsh with them; their refuge is Gehenna -- an evil homecoming! They swear by God that they said nothing, but they indeed said the word of unbelief and disbelieved, after they had surrendered. They purposed what they never attained to, and they took revenge only that God enriched them, and His Messenger, of His bounty. So if they repent it will be better for them; if they turn away, God will chastise them with a painful chastisement in this world and the next; on the earth they have no protector or helper. And some of them have made covenant with God: 'If He gives us of His bounty, we will make offerings and be of the righteous.'
9: 76-80	But when He did bestow of His bounty, they became covetous, and turned back (from their covenant), averse (from its fulfilment). So He hath put as a consequence hypocrisy into their hearts, (to last) till the Day, whereon they shall meet Him: because they broke their covenant with Allah, and because they lied (again and again). Know they not that Allah doth know their secret (thoughts) and their secret counsels, and that Allah knoweth well all things unseen? Those who slander such of the believers as give themselves freely to (deeds of) charity, as well as such as can find nothing to give except the fruits of their labour,- and throw ridicule on them,- Allah will throw back their ridicule on them: and they shall have a grievous penalty. Whether thou ask for their forgiveness, or not, (their sin is unforgivable): if thou ask seventy times for their forgiveness, Allah will not forgive them: because they have rejected Allah and His Messenger: and Allah guideth not those who are perversely rebellious.		Yet when He gave them of His bounty, they hoarded it and turned away, averse; So He hath made the consequence (to be) hypocrisy in their hearts until the day when they shall meet Him, because they broke their word to Allah that they promised Him, and because they lied. Know they not that Allah knoweth both their secret and the thought that they confide, and that Allah is the Knower of Things Hidden? Those who point at such of the believers as give the alms willingly and such as can find naught to give but their endeavours, and deride them - Allah (Himself) derideth them. Theirs will be a painful doom. Ask forgiveness for them (O Muhammad), or ask not forgiveness for them; though thou ask forgiveness for them seventy times Allah will not forgive them. That is because they disbelieved in Allah and His messenger, and Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk.	But when He gave them out of His grace, they became niggardly of it and they turned back and they withdrew. So He made hypocrisy to follow as a consequence into their hearts till the day when they shall meet Him because they failed to perform towards Allah what they had promised with Him and because they told lies. Do they not know that Allah knows their hidden thoughts and their secret counsels, and that Allah is the great Knower of the unseen things? They who taunt those of the faithful who give their alms freely, and those who give to the extent of their earnings and scoff at them; Allah will pay them back their scoffing, and they shall have a painful chastisement. Ask forgiveness for them or do not ask forgiveness for them; even if you ask forgiveness for them seventy times, Allah will not forgive them; this is because they disbelieve in Allah and His Messenger, and Allah does not guide the transgressing people.	Nevertheless, when He gave them of His bounty they were niggardly of it, and turned away, swerving aside. So as a consequence He put hypocrisy into their hearts, until the day they meet Him, for that they failed God in that they promised Him and they were liars. Did they not know that God knows their secret and what they conspire together, and that God knows the things unseen? Those who find fault with the believers who volunteer their freewill offerings, and those who find nothing but their endeavour they deride -- God derides them; for them awaits a painful chastisement. Ask pardon for them, or ask not pardon for them; if thou askest pardon for them seventy times, God will not pardon them; that, because they disbelieved in God and His Messenger; God guides not the people of the ungodly.
9: 81-85	Those who were left behind (in the Tabuk expedition) rejoiced in their inaction behind the back of the Messenger of Allah: they hated to strive and fight, with their goods and their persons, in the cause of Allah: they said, "Go not forth in the heat." Say, "The fire of Hell is fiercer in heat." If only they could understand! Let them laugh a little: much will they weep: a recompense for the (evil) that they do. If, then, Allah bring thee back to any of them, and they ask thy permission to come out (with thee), say: "Never shall ye come out with me, nor fight an enemy with me: for ye preferred to sit inactive on the first occasion: Then sit ye (now) with those who lag behind." Nor do thou ever pray for any of them that dies, nor stand at his grave; for they rejected Allah and His Messenger, and died in a state of perverse rebellion. Nor let their wealth nor their (following in) sons dazzle thee: Allah's plan is to punish them with these things in this world, and that their souls may perish in their (very) denial of Allah.		Those who were left behind rejoiced at sitting still behind the messenger of Allah, and were averse to striving with their wealth and their lives in Allah's way. And they said: Go not forth in the heat! Say: The fire of hell is more intense of heat, if they but understood. Then let them laugh a little: they will weep much, as the reward of what they used to earn. If Allah bring thee back (from the campaign) unto a party of them and they ask of thee leave to go out (to fight), then say unto them: Ye shall never more go out with me nor fight with me against a foe. Ye were content with sitting still the first time. So sit still, with the useless. And never (O Muhammad) pray for one of them who dieth, nor stand by his grave. Lo! they disbelieved in Allah and His messenger, and they died while they were evil-doers. Let not their wealth nor their children please thee! Allah purposeth only to punish them thereby in the world, and that their souls shall pass away while they are disbelievers.	Those who were left behind were glad on account of their sitting behind Allah's Messenger and they were averse from striving in Allah's way with their property and their persons, and said: Do not go forth in the heat. Say: The fire of hell is much severe in heat. Would that they understood (it). Therefore they shall laugh little and weep much as a recompense for what they earned. Therefore if Allah brings you back to a party of them and then they ask your permission to go forth, say: By no means shall you ever go forth with me and by no means shall you fight an enemy with me; surely you chose to sit the first time, therefore sit (now) with those who remain behind. And never offer prayer for any one of them who dies and do not stand by his grave; surely they disbelieve in Allah and His Messenger and they shall die in transgression. And let not their property and their children excite your admiration; Allah only wishes to chastise them with these in this world and (that) their souls may depart while they are unbelievers.	Those who were left behind rejoiced in tarrying behind the Messenger of God, and were averse to struggle with their possessions and their selves in the way of God. They said, 'Go not forth in the heat.' Say: 'Gehenna's fire is hotter, did they but understand.' Therefore let them laugh little, and weep much, in recompense for what they have been earning. So, if God returns thee to a party of them and they ask leave of thee to go forth, say: 'You shall not go forth with me ever, and you shall not fight with me any enemy. You were well-pleased to tarry the first time, so now tarry with those behind.' And pray thou never over any one of them when he is dead, nor stand over his grave; they disbelieved in God and His Messenger, and died while they were ungodly. And let not their possessions and their children please thee; God only desires thereby to chastise them in this present world, and that their souls should depart while they are unbelievers.
9: 86-90	When a Sura comes down, enjoining them to believe in Allah and to strive and fight along with His Messenger, those with wealth and influence among them ask thee for exemption, and say: "Leave us (behind): we would be with those who sit (at home)." They prefer to be with (the women), who remain behind (at home): their hearts are sealed and so they understand not. But the Messenger, and those who believe with him, strive and fight with their wealth and their persons: for them are (all) good things: and it is they who will prosper. Allah hath prepared for them gardens under which rivers flow, to dwell therein: that is the supreme felicity. And there were, among the desert Arabs (also), men who made excuses and came to claim exemption; and those who were false to Allah and His Messenger (merely) sat inactive. Soon will a grievous penalty seize the Unbelievers among them.		And when a surah is revealed (which saith): Believe in Allah and strive along with His messenger, the men of wealth among them still ask leave of thee and say: Suffer us to be with those who sit (at home). They are content that they should be with the useless and their hearts are sealed, so that they apprehend not. But the messenger and those who believe with him strive with their wealth and their lives. Such are they for whom are the good things. Such are they who are the successful. Allah hath made ready for them Gardens underneath which rivers flow, wherein they will abide. That is the supreme triumph. And those among the wandering Arabs who had an excuse came in order that permission might be granted them. And those who lied to Allah and His messenger sat at home. A painful doom will fall on those of them who disbelieve.	And whenever a Chapter is revealed, saying: Believe in Allah and strive hard along with His Messenger, those having ampleness of means ask permission of you and say: Leave us (behind), that we may be with those who sit. They preferred to be with those who remained behind, and a seal is set on their hearts so they do not understand. But the Messenger and those who believe with him strive hard with their property and their persons; and these it is who shall have the good things and these it is who shall be successful. Allah has prepared for them gardens beneath which rivers flow, to abide in them; that is the great achievement. And the defaulters from among the dwellers of the desert came that permission may be given to them and they sat (at home) who lied to Allah and His Messenger; a painful chastisement shall afflict those of them who disbelieved.	And when a sura is sent down, saying, 'Believe in God, and struggle with His Messenger,' the affluent among them ask leave of thee, saying, 'Let us be with the tarriers.' They are well-pleased to be with those behind, and a seal has been set upon their hearts, so the they understand not. But Messenger, and the believers with him, have struggled with their possessions and their selves, and those -- for them await the good things; those -- they are the prosperers. God has prepared for them gardens underneath which rivers flow, therein to dwell forever; that is the mighty triumph. And the Bedouins came with their excuses, asking for leave; those who lied to God and His Messenger tarried; there shall befall the unbelievers of them a painful chastisement.
9: 91-95	There is no blame on those who are infirm, or ill, or who find no resources to spend (on the cause), if they are sincere (in duty) to Allah and His Messenger: no ground (of complaint) can there be against such as do right: and Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. Nor (is there blame) on those who came to thee to be provided with mounts, and when thou saidst, "I can find no mounts for you," they turned back, their eyes streaming with tears of grief that they had no resources wherewith to provide the expenses. The ground (of complaint) is against such as claim exemption while they are rich. They prefer to stay with the (women) who remain behind: Allah hath sealed their hearts; so they know not (What they miss). They will present their excuses to you when ye return to them. Say thou: "Present no excuses: we shall not believe you: Allah hath already informed us of the true state of matters concerning you: It is your actions that Allah and His Messenger will observe: in the end will ye be brought back to Him Who knoweth what is hidden and what is open: then will He show you the truth of all that ye did." They will swear to you by Allah, when ye return to them, that ye may leave them alone. So leave them alone: For they are an abomination, and Hell is their dwelling-place,-a fitting recompense for the (evil) that they did.		Not unto the weak nor unto the sick nor unto those who can find naught to spend is any fault (to be imputed though they stay at home) if they are true to Allah and His messenger. Not unto the good is there any road (of blame). Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. Nor unto those whom, when they came to thee (asking) that thou shouldst mount them, thou didst tell: I cannot find whereon to mount you. They turned back with eyes flowing with tears, for sorrow that they could not find the means to spend. The road (of blame) is only against those who ask for leave of thee (to stay at home) when they are rich. They are content to be with the useless. Allah hath sealed their hearts so that they know not. They will make excuse to you (Muslims) when ye return unto them. Say: Make no excuse, for we shall not believe you. Allah hath told us tidings of you. Allah and His messenger will see your conduct, and then ye will be brought back unto Him Who knoweth the Invisible as well as the Visible, and He will tell you what ye used to do. They will swear by Allah unto you, when ye return unto them, that ye may let them be. Let them be, for lo! they are unclean, and their abode is hell as the reward for what they used to earn.	It shall be no crime in the weak, nor in the sick, nor in those who do not find what they should spend (to stay behind), so long as they are sincere to Allah and His Messenger; there is no way (to blame) against the doers of good; and Allah is Forgiving, Merciful; Nor in those who when they came to you that you might carry them, you said: I cannot find that on which to carry you; they went back while their eyes overflowed with tears on account of grief for not finding that which they should spend. The way (to blame) is only against those who ask permission of you though they are rich; they have chosen to be with those who remained behind, and Allah has set a seal upon their hearts so they do not know. They will excuse themselves to you when you go back to them. Say: Urge no excuse, by no means will we believe you; indeed Allah has informed us of matters relating to you; and now Allah and His Messenger will see your doings, then you shall be brought back to the Knower of the unseen and the seen, then He will inform you of what you did. They will swear to you by Allah when you return to them so that you may turn aside from them; so do turn aside from them; surely they are unclean and their abode is hell; a recompense for what they earned.	There is no fault in the weak and the sick and those who find nothing to expend, if they are true to God and to His Messenger. There is no way against the good-doers -- God is All- forgiving, All-compassionate -- neither against those who, when they came to thee, for thee to mount them, thou saidst to them, 'I find not whereon to mount you'; they turned away, their eyes overflowing with tears of sorrow, because they found nothing to expend. The way is open only against those who ask leave of thee, being rich; they are well-pleased to be with those behind; God has set a seal on their hearts, so they know not. They will excuse themselves to you, when you return to them. Say: 'Do not excuse yourselves; we will not believe you. God has already told us tidings of you. God will surely see your work, and His Messenger, then you will be returned to Him who knows the unseen and the visible, and He will tell you what you were doing.' They will swear to you by God, when you turn back to them, that you may turn aside from them. So turn aside from them, for they are an abomination, and their refuge is Gehenna -- a recompense for what they have been earning.
9: 96 - 100	They will swear unto you, that ye may be pleased with them but if ye are pleased with them, Allah is not pleased with those who disobey. The Arabs of the desert are the worst in Unbelief and hypocrisy, and most fitted to be in ignorance of the command which Allah hath sent down to His Messenger: But Allah is All-Knowing, All-Wise. Some of the desert Arabs look upon their payments as a fine, and watch for disasters for you: on them be the disaster of evil: for Allah is He That heareth and knoweth (all things). But some of the desert Arabs believe in Allah and the Last Day, and look on their payments as pious gifts bringing them nearer to Allah and obtaining the prayers of the Messenger. Aye, indeed they bring them nearer (to Him): soon will Allah admit them to His Mercy: for Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. The vanguard (of Islam)- the first of those who forsook (their homes) and of those who gave them aid, and (also) those who follow them in (all) good deeds,- well-pleased is Allah with them, as are they with Him: for them hath He prepared gardens under which rivers flow, to dwell therein for ever: that is the supreme felicity.		They swear unto you, that ye may accept them. Though ye accept them. Allah verily accepteth not wrongdoing folk. The wandering Arabs are more hard in disbelief and hypocrisy, and more likely to be ignorant of the limits which Allah hath revealed unto His messenger. And Allah is Knower, Wise. And of the wandering Arabs there is he who taketh that which he expendeth (for the cause of Allah) as a loss, and awaiteth (evil) turns of fortune for you (that he may be rid of it). The evil turn of fortune will be theirs. Allah is Hearer, Knower. And of the wandering Arabs there is he who believeth in Allah and the Last Day, and taketh that which he expendeth and also the prayers of the messenger as acceptable offerings in the sight of Allah. Lo! verily it is an acceptable offering for them. Allah will bring them into His mercy. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. And the first to lead the way, of the Muhajirin and the Ansar, and those who followed them in goodness - Allah is well pleased with them and they are well pleased with Him, and He hath made ready for them Gardens underneath which rivers flow, wherein they will abide for ever. That is the supreme triumph.	They will swear to you that you may be pleased with them; but if you are pleased with them, yet surely Allah is not pleased with the transgressing people. The dwellers of the desert are very hard in unbelief and hypocrisy, and more disposed not to know the limits of what Allah has revealed to His Messenger; and Allah is Knowing, Wise. And of the dwellers of the desert are those who take what they spend to be a fine, and they wait (the befalling of) calamities to you; on them (will be) the evil calamity; and Allah is Hearing, Knowing. And of the dwellers of the desert are those who believe in Allah and the latter day and take what they spend to be (means of) the nearness of Allah and the Messenger's prayers; surely it shall be means of nearness for them; Allah will make them enter into His mercy; surely Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. And (as for) the foremost, the first of the Muhajirs and the Ansars, and those who followed them in goodness, Allah is well pleased with them and they are well pleased with Him, and He has prepared for them gardens beneath which rivers flow, to abide in them for ever; that is the mighty achievement.	They will swear to you, that you may be well-pleased with them; but if you are well-pleased with them, God will surely not be well-pleased with the people of the ungodly. The Bedouins are more stubborn in unbelief and hypocrisy, and apter not to know the bounds of what God has sent down on His Messenger; and God is All-knowing, All-wise. Some of the Bedouins take what they expend for a fine, and await the turns of fortune to go against you. Theirs shall be the evil turn; God is All-hearing, All-knowing. And some of the Bedouins believe in God and the Last Day, and take what they expend for offerings bringing them near to God, and the prayers of the Messenger. Surely they are an offering for them, and God will admit them into His mercy; God is All-forgiving, All-compassionate. And the Outstrippers, the first of the Emigrants and the Helpers, and those who followed them in good-doing -- God will be well-pleased with them and they are well-pleased with Him; and He has prepared for them gardens underneath which rivers flow, therein to dwell forever and ever; that is the mighty triumph.
9: 101 - 105	Certain of the desert Arabs round about you are hypocrites, as well as (desert Arabs) among the Medina folk: they are obstinate in hypocrisy: thou knowest them not: We know them: twice shall We punish them: and in addition shall they be sent to a grievous penalty. Others (there are who) have acknowledged their wrong-doings: they have mixed an act that was good with another that was evil. Perhaps Allah will turn unto them (in Mercy): for Allah is Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful. Of their goods, take alms, that so thou mightest purify and sanctify them; and pray on their behalf. Verily thy prayers are a source of security for them: And Allah is One Who heareth and knoweth. Know they not that Allah doth accept repentance from His votaries and receives their gifts of charity, and that Allah is verily He, the Oft-Returning, Most Merciful? And say: "Work (righteousness): Soon will Allah observe your work, and His Messenger, and the Believers: Soon will ye be brought back to the knower of what is hidden and what is open: then will He show you the truth of all that ye did."		And among those around you of the wandering Arabs there are hypocrites, and among the townspeople of Al-Madinah (there are some who) persist in hypocrisy whom thou (O Muhammad) knowest not. We, We know them, and We shall chastise them twice; then they will be relegated to a painful doom. And (there are) others who have acknowledged their faults. They mixed a righteous action with another that was bad. It may be that Allah will relent toward them. Lo! Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. Take alms of their wealth, wherewith thou mayst purify them and mayst make them grow, and pray for them. Lo! thy prayer is an assuagement for them. Allah is Hearer, Knower. Know they not that Allah is He Who accepteth repentance from His bondmen and taketh the alms, and that Allah is He Who is the Relenting, the Merciful. And say (unto them): Act! Allah will behold your actions, and (so will) His messenger and the believers, and ye will be brought back to the Knower of the Invisible and the Visible, and He will tell you what ye used to do.	And from among those who are round about you of the dwellers of the desert there are hypocrites, and from among the people of Medina (also); they are stubborn in hypocrisy; you do not know them; We know them; We will chastise them twice then shall they be turned back to a grievous chastisement. And others have confessed their faults, they have mingled a good deed and an evil one; may be Allah will turn to them (mercifully); surely Allah is Forgiving, Merciful. Take alms out of their property, you would cleanse them and purify them thereby, and pray for them; surely your prayer is a relief to them; and Allah is Hearing, Knowing. Do they not know that Allah accepts repentance from His servants and takes the alms, and that Allah is the Oft-returning (to mercy), the Merciful? And say: Work; so Allah will see your work and (so will) His Messenger and the believers; and you shall be brought back to the Knower of the unseen and the seen, then He will inform you of what you did.	And some of the Bedouins who dwell around you are hypocrites; and some of the people of the City are grown bold in hypocrisy. Thou knowest them not; but We know them, and We shall chastise them twice, then they will be returned to a mighty chastisement. And other have confessed their sins; they have mixed a righteous deed with another evil. It may be that God will turn towards them; God is All-forgiving, All-compassionate. Take of their wealth a freewill offering, to purify them and to cleanse them thereby, and pray for them; thy prayers are a comfort for them; God is All-hearing, All-knowing. Do they not know that God is He who accepts repentance from His servants, and takes the freewill offerings, and that God -- He turns, and is All-compassionate? Say: 'Work; and God will surely see your work, and His Messenger, and the believers, and you will be returned to Him who knows the unseen and the visible, and He will tell you what you were doing.'
9: 106 - 110	There are (yet) others, held in suspense for the command of Allah, whether He will punish them, or turn in mercy to them: and Allah is All-Knowing, Wise. And there are those who put up a mosque by way of mischief and infidelity - to disunite the Believers - and in preparation for one who warred against Allah and His Messenger aforetime. They will indeed swear that their intention is nothing but good; But Allah doth declare that they are certainly liars. Never stand thou forth therein. There is a mosque whose foundation was laid from the first day on piety; it is more worthy of the standing forth (for prayer) therein. In it are men who love to be purified; and Allah loveth those who make themselves pure. Which then is best? - he that layeth his foundation on piety to Allah and His good pleasure? - or he that layeth his foundation on an undermined sand-cliff ready to crumble to pieces? and it doth crumble to pieces with him, into the fire of Hell. And Allah guideth not people that do wrong. The foundation of those who so build is never free from suspicion and shakiness in their hearts, until their hearts are cut to pieces. And Allah is All-Knowing, Wise.		And (there are) others who await Allah's decree, whether He will punish them or will forgive them. Allah is Knower, Wise. And as for those who chose a place of worship out of opposition and disbelief, and in order to cause dissent among the believers, and as an outpost for those who warred against Allah and His messenger aforetime, they will surely swear: We purposed naught save good. Allah beareth witness that they verily are liars. Never stand (to pray) there. A place of worship which was found upon duty (to Allah) from the first day is more worthy that thou shouldst stand (to pray) therein, wherein are men who love to purify themselves. Allah loveth the purifiers. Is he who founded his building upon duty to Allah and His good pleasure better; or he who founded his building on the brink of a crumbling, overhanging precipice so that it toppled with him into the fire of hell? Allah guideth not wrongdoing folk. The building which they built will never cease to be a misgiving in their hearts unless their hearts be torn to pieces. Allah is Knower, Wise.	And others are made to await Allah's command, whether He chastise them or whether He turn to them (mercifully), and Allah is Knowing, Wise. And those who built a masjid to cause harm and for unbelief and to cause disunion among the believers and an ambush to him who made war against Allah and His Messenger before; and they will certainly swear: We did not desire aught but good; and Allah bears witness that they are most surely liars. Never stand in it; certainly a masjid founded on piety from the very first day is more deserving that you should stand in it; in it are men who love that they should be purified; and Allah loves those who purify themselves. Is he, therefore, better who lays his foundation on fear of Allah and (His) good pleasure, or he who lays his foundation on the edge of a cracking hollowed bank, so it broke down with him into the fire of hell; and Allah does not guide the unjust people. The building which they have built will ever continue to be a source of disquiet in their hearts, except that their hearts get cut into pieces; and Allah is Knowing, Wise.	And others are deferred to God's commandment, whether He chastises them, or turns towards them; God is All-knowing, All-wise. And those who have taken a mosque in opposition and unbelief, and to divide the believers, and as a place of ambush for those who fought God and His Messenger aforetime -- they will swear 'We desired nothing but good'; and God testifies they are truly liars. Stand there never. A mosque that was founded upon godfearing from the first day is worthier for thee to stand in; therein are men who love to cleanse themselves; and God loves those who cleanse themselves. Why, is he better who founded his building upon the fear of God and His good pleasure, or he who founded his building upon the brink of a crumbling bank that has tumbled with him into the fire of Gehenna? And God guides not the people of the evildoers. The buildings they have built will not cease to be a point of doubt within their hearts, unless it be that their hearts are cut into pieces; God is All-knowing, All-wise.
9: 111 - 115	Allah hath purchased of the believers their persons and their goods; for theirs (in return) is the garden (of Paradise): they fight in His cause, and slay and are slain: a promise binding on Him in truth, through the Law, the Gospel, and the Qur'an: and who is more faithful to his covenant than Allah? then rejoice in the bargain which ye have concluded: that is the achievement supreme. Those that turn (to Allah) in repentance; that serve Him, and praise Him; that wander in devotion to the cause of Allah: that bow down and prostrate themselves in prayer; that enjoin good and forbid evil; and observe the limit set by Allah;- (These do rejoice). So proclaim the glad tidings to the Believers. It is not fitting, for the Prophet and those who believe, that they should pray for forgiveness for Pagans, even though they be of kin, after it is clear to them that they are companions of the Fire. And Abraham prayed for his father's forgiveness only because of a promise he had made to him. But when it became clear to him that he was an enemy to Allah, he dissociated himself from him: for Abraham was most tender-hearted, forbearing. And Allah will not mislead a people after He hath guided them, in order that He may make clear to them what to fear (and avoid)- for Allah hath knowledge of all things.		Lo! Allah hath bought from the believers their lives and their wealth because the Garden will be theirs: they shall fight in the way of Allah and shall slay and be slain. It is a promise which is binding on Him in the Torah and the Gospel and the Qur'an. Who fulfilleth His covenant better than Allah? Rejoice then in your bargain that ye have made, for that is the supreme triumph. (Triumphant) are those who turn repentant (to Allah), those who serve (Him), those who praise (Him), those who fast, those who bow down, those who fall prostrate (in worship), those who enjoin the right and who forbid the wrong and those who keep the limits (ordained) of Allah - And give glad tidings to believers! It is not for the Prophet, and those who believe, to pray for the forgiveness of idolaters even though they may be near of kin (to them) after it hath become clear that they are people of hell-fire. The prayer of Abraham for the forgiveness of his father was only because of a promise he had promised him, but when it had become clear unto him that he (his father) was an enemy to Allah he (Abraham) disowned him. Lo! Abraham was soft of heart, long-suffering. It was never Allah's (part) that He should send a folk astray after He had guided them until He had made clear unto them what they should avoid. Lo! Allah is Aware of all things.	Surely Allah has bought of the believers their persons and their property for this, that they shall have the garden; they fight in Allah's way, so they slay and are slain; a promise which is binding on Him in the Taurat and the Injeel and the Quran; and who is more faithful to his covenant than Allah? Rejoice therefore in the pledge which you have made; and that is the mighty achievement. They who turn (to Allah), who serve (Him), who praise (Him), who fast, who bow down, who prostrate themselves, who enjoin what is good and forbid what is evil, and who keep the limits of Allah; and give good news to the believers. It is not (fit) for the Prophet and those who believe that they should ask forgiveness for the polytheists, even though they should be near relatives, after it has become clear to them that they are inmates of the flaming fire. And Ibrahim asking forgiveness for his sire was only owing to a promise which he had made to him; but when it became clear to him that he was an enemy of Allah, he declared himself to be clear of him; most surely Ibrahim was very tender-hearted forbearing. It is not (attributable to) Allah that He should lead a people astray after He has guided them; He even makes clear to them what they should guard against; surely Allah knows all things.	God has bought from the believers their selves and their possessions against the gift of Paradise; they fight in the way of God; they kill, and are killed; that is a promise binding upon God in the Torah, and the Gospel, and the Koran; and who fulfils his covenant truer than God? So rejoice in the bargain you have made with Him; that is the mighty triumph. Those who repent, those who serve, those who pray, those who journey, those who bow, those who prostrate themselves, those who bid to honour and forbid dishonour, those who keep God's hounds -- and give thou good tidings to the believers. It is not for the Prophet and the believers to ask pardon for the idolaters, even though they be near kinsmen, after that it has become clear to them that they will be the inhabitants of Hell. Abraham asked not pardon for his father except because of a promise he had made to him; and when it became clear to him that he was an enemy of God, he declared himself quit of him; Abraham was compassionate, clement. God would never lead a people astray after that He has guided them, until He makes clear to them as to what they should be godfearing; surely God knows everything.
9: 116 - 122	Unto Allah belongeth the dominion of the heavens and the earth. He giveth life and He taketh it. Except for Him ye have no protector nor helper. Allah turned with favour to the Prophet, the Muhajirs, and the Ansar,- who followed him in a time of distress, after that the hearts of a part of them had nearly swerved (from duty); but He turned to them (also): for He is unto them Most Kind, Most Merciful. (He turned in mercy also) to the three who were left behind; (they felt guilty) to such a degree that the earth seemed constrained to them, for all its spaciousness, and their (very) souls seemed straitened to them,- and they perceived that there is no fleeing from Allah (and no refuge) but to Himself. Then He turned to them, that they might repent: for Allah is Oft-Returning, Most Merciful. O ye who believe! Fear Allah and be with those who are true (in word and deed). It was not fitting for the people of Medina and the Bedouin Arabs of the neighbourhood, to refuse to follow Allah's Messenger, nor to prefer their own lives to his: because nothing could they suffer or do, but was reckoned to their credit as a deed of righteousness,- whether they suffered thirst, or fatigue, or hunger, in the cause of Allah, or trod paths to raise the ire of the Unbelievers, or received any injury whatever from an enemy: for Allah suffereth not the reward to be lost of those who do good;- Nor could they spend anything (for the cause) - small or great- nor cut across a valley, but the deed is inscribed to their credit: that Allah may requite their deed with the best (possible reward). Nor should the Believers all go forth together: if a contingent from every expedition remained behind, they could devote themselves to studies in religion, and admonish the people when they return to them,- that thus they (may learn) to guard themselves (against evil).		Lo! Allah! Unto Him belongeth the Sovereignty of the heavens and the earth. He quickeneth and He giveth death. And ye have, instead of Allah, no protecting friend nor helper. Allah hath turned in mercy to the Prophet, and to the Muhajirin and the Ansar who followed him in the hour of hardship. After the hearts of a party of them had almost swerved aside, then turned He unto them in mercy. Lo! He is Full of Pity, Merciful for them. And to the three also (did He turn in mercy) who were left behind, when the earth, vast as it is, was straitened for them, and their own souls were straitened for them till they bethought them that there is no refuge from Allah save toward Him. Then turned He unto them in mercy that they (too) might turn (repentant unto Him). Lo! Allah! He is the Relenting, the Merciful. O ye who believe! Be careful of your duty to Allah, and be with the truthful. It is not for the townsfolk of Al-Madinah and for those around them of the wandering Arabs so stay behind the messenger of Allah and prefer their lives to his life. That is because neither thirst nor toil nor hunger afflicteth them in the way of Allah, nor step they any step that angereth the disbelievers, nor gain they from the enemy a gain, but a good deed is recorded for them therefor. Lo! Allah loseth not the wages of the good. Nor spend they any spending, small or great, nor do they cross a valley, but it is recorded for them, that Allah may repay them the best of what they used to do. And the believers should not all go out to fight. Of every troop of them, a party only should go forth, that they (who are left behind) may gain sound knowledge in religion, and that they may warn their folk when they return to them, so that they may beware.	Surely Allah's is the kingdom of the heavens and the earth; He brings to life and causes to die; and there is not for you besides Allah any Guardian or Helper. Certainly Allah has turned (mercifully) to the Prophet and those who fled (their homes) and the helpers who followed him in the hour of straitness after the hearts of a part of them were about to deviate, then He turned to them (mercifully); surely to them He is Compassionate, Merciful. And to the three who were left behind, until the earth became strait to them notwithstanding its spaciousness and their souls were also straitened to them; and they knew it for certain that there was no refuge from Allah but in Him; then He turned to them (mercifully) that they might turn (to Him); surely Allah is the Oft-returning (to mercy), the Merciful. O you who believe! be careful of (your duty to) Allah and be with the true ones. It did not beseem the people of Medina and those round about them of the dwellers of the desert to remain behind the Messenger of Allah, nor should they desire (anything) for themselves in preference to him; this is because there afflicts them not thirst or fatigue or hunger in Allah's way, nor do they tread a path which enrages the unbelievers, nor do they attain from the enemy what they attain, but a good work is written down to them on account of it; surely Allah does not waste the reward of the doers of good; Nor do they spend anything that may be spent, small or great, nor do they traverse a valley, but it is written down to their credit, that Allah may reward them with the best of what they have done. And it does not beseem the believers that they should go forth all together; why should not then a company from every party from among them go forth that they may apply themselves to obtain understanding in religion, and that they may warn their people when they come back to them that they may be cautious?	Surely to God belongs the kingdom of the heavens and of the earth; He gives life, and makes to die; and you have not, apart from God, either protector or helper. God has turned towards the Prophet and the Emigrants and the Helpers who followed him in the hour of difficulty, after the hearts of a part of them well-nigh swerved aside; then He turned towards them; surely He is Gentle to them, and All-compassionate. And to the three who were left behind, until, when the earth became strait for them, for all its breadth, and their souls became strait for them, and they thought that there was no shelter from God except in Him, then He turned towards them, that they might also turn; surely God turns, and is All-compassionate. O believers, fear God, and be with the truthful ones. It is not for the people of the City and for the Bedouins who dwell around them to stay behind God's Messenger, and to prefer their lives to his; that is because they are smitten neither by thirst, nor fatigue, nor emptiness in the way of God, neither tread they any tread enraging the unbelievers, nor gain any gain from any enemy, but a righteous deed is thereby written to their account; God leaves not to waste the wage of the good-doers. Nor do they expend any sum, small or great, nor do they traverse any valley, but it is written to their account, that God may recompense them the best of what they were doing. It is not for the believers to go forth totally; but why should not a party of every section of them go forth, to become learned in religion, and to warn their people when they return to them, that haply they may beware?

9: 123	O ye who believe! fight the unbelievers who gird you about, and let them find firmness in you: and know that Allah is with those who fear Him.		O ye who believe! Fight those of the disbelievers who are near to you, and let them find harshness in you, and know that Allah is with those who keep their duty (unto Him).	O you who believe! fight those of the unbelievers who are near to you and let them find in you hardness; and know that Allah is with those who guard (against evil).	O believers, fight the unbelievers who are near to you; and let them find in you a harshness; and know that God is with the godfearing.

9: 124 - 129	Whenever there cometh down a sura, some of them say: "Which of you has had his faith increased by it?" Yea, those who believe,- their faith is increased and they do rejoice. But those in whose hearts is a disease,- it will add doubt to their doubt, and they will die in a state of Unbelief. See they not that they are tried every year once or twice? Yet they turn not in repentance, and they take no heed. Whenever there cometh down a Sura, they look at each other, (saying), "Doth anyone see you?" Then they turn aside: Allah hath turned their hearts (from the light); for they are a people that understand not. Now hath come unto you a Messenger from amongst yourselves: it grieves him that ye should perish: ardently anxious is he over you: to the Believers is he most kind and merciful. But if they turn away, Say: "Allah sufficeth me: there is no god but He: On Him is my trust,- He the Lord of the Throne (of Glory) Supreme!"		And whenever a surah is revealed there are some of them who say: Which one of you hath thus increased in faith? As for those who believe, it hath increased them in faith and they rejoice (therefor). But as for those in whose hearts is disease, it only addeth wickedness to their wickedness, and they die while they are disbelievers. See they not that they are tested once or twice in every year? Still they turn not in repentance, neither pay they heed. And whenever a surah is revealed, they look one at another (as who should say): Doth anybody see you? Then they turn away. Allah turneth away their hearts because they are a folk who understand not. There hath come unto you a messenger, (one) of yourselves, unto whom aught that ye are overburdened is grievous, full of concern for you, for the believers full of pity, merciful. Now, if they turn away (O Muhammad) say: Allah sufficeth me. There is no God save Him. In Him have I put my trust, and He is Lord of the Tremendous Throne.	And whenever a Chapter is revealed, there are some of them who say: Which of you has it strengthened in faith? Then as for those who believe, it strengthens them in faith and they rejoice. And as for those in whose hearts is a disease, it adds uncleanness to their uncleanness and they die while they are unbelievers. Do they not see that they are tried once or twice in every year, yet they do not turn (to Allah) nor do they mind. And whenever a Chapter is revealed, they cast glances at one another: Does any one see you? Then they turn away: Allah has turned away their hearts because they are a people who do not understand. Certainly a Messenger has come to you from among yourselves; grievous to him is your falling into distress, excessively solicitous respecting you; to the believers (he is) compassionate, But if they turn back, say: Allah is sufficient for me, there is no god but He; on Him do I rely, and He is the Lord of mighty power.	Whenever a sura is sent down to thee, some of them say, 'Which of you has this increased in belief?' As for the believers, them it has increased in belief, and they are joyful. But as for those in whose heart is sickness, them it has increased in abomination added to their abomination, and they have died while they were unbelievers. Do they not see that they are tried every year once or twice? Yet still they do not repent, nor do they remember. And whenever a sura is sent down, they look one at another: 'Does anyone see you?' Then they turn away. God has turned away their hearts, for that they are a people who do not understand. Now there has come to you a Messenger from among yourselves; grievous to him is your suffering; anxious is he over you, gentle to the believers, compassionate. So if they turn their backs, say: 'God is enough for me. There is no god but He. In Him I have put my trust. He is the Lord of the Mighty Throne.'


10	from Mecca	Surah Yunus — "Jonah" — the Tenth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 109 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 51st Surah of the Qur'an.
		At Verse 10:3 we see that Muhammad had some access to the Creation account of Genesis; and at 10:4 we find "a draught of boiling water, and a painful chastisement..." Read 10:7-8, and ask, are not the palace sensualists of Islam "pleased with this present life?" At 10:103, a passage inconsistent with other Quranic references to "Allah's" omnipotence: "... it is binding on Us (that) We deliver the believers." Regarding man's eternal predestination in Muhammad's scheme, see Verse 10:100,Verse 2:272, Verses 11:118-119, Verses 13:31 and 13:33 and Verse 14:4.

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.
10:1	A.L.R. These are the ayats of the Book of Wisdom.	Alif. Lam. Ra. These are verses of the Wise Scripture.	Alif Lam Ra. These are the verses of the wise Book.	Alif Lam Ra. Those are the signs of the Wise Book.
10:2	Is it a matter of wonderment to men that We have sent Our inspiration to a man from among themselves?- that he should warn mankind (of their danger), and give the good news to the Believers that they have before their Lord the lofty rank of truth. (But) say the Unbelievers: "This is indeed an evident sorcerer!"	Is it a wonder for mankind that We have inspired a man among them, saying: Warn mankind and bring unto those who believe the good tidings that they have a sure footing with their Lord? The disbelievers say: Lo! this is a mere wizard.	What! is it a wonder to the people that We revealed to a man from among themselves, saying: Warn the people and give good news to those who believe that theirs is a footing of firmness with their Lord. The unbelievers say: This is most surely a manifest enchanter.	Was it a wonder to the people that We revealed to a man from among them: 'Warn the people, and give thou good tidings to the believers that they have a sure footing with their Lord'? The unbelievers say, 'This is a manifest sorcerer.'
10:3	Verily your Lord is Allah, who created the heavens and the earth in six days, and is firmly established on the throne (of authority), regulating and governing all things. No intercessor (can plead with Him) except after His leave (hath been obtained). This is Allah your Lord; Him therefore serve ye: will ye not receive admonition?	Lo! your Lord is Allah Who created the heavens and the earth in six Days, then He established Himself upon the Throne, directing all things. There is no intercessor (with Him) save after His permission. That is Allah, your Lord, so worship Him. Oh, will ye not remind?	Surely your Lord is Allah, Who created the heavens and the earth in six periods, and He is firm in power, regulating the affair, there is no intercessor except after His permission; this is Allah, your Lord, therefore serve Him; will you not then mind?	Surely your Lord is God, who created the heavens and the earth in six days, then sat Himself upon the Throne, directing the affair. Intercessor there is none, save after His leave that then is God, your Lord; so serve Him. Will you not remember?
10:4	To Him will be your return- of all of you. The promise of Allah is true and sure. It is He Who beginneth the process of creation, and repeateth it, that He may reward with justice those who believe and work righteousness; but those who reject Him will have draughts of boiling fluids, and a penalty grievous, because they did reject Him.	Unto Him is the return of all of you; it is a promise of Allah in truth. Lo! He produceth creation, then reproduceth it, that He may reward those who believe and do good works with equity; while, as for those who disbelieve, theirs will be a boiling drink and painful doom because they disbelieved.	To Him is your return, of all (of you); the promise of Allah (made) in truth; surely He begins the creation in the first instance, then He reproduces it, that He may with justice recompense those who believe and do good; and (as for) those who disbelieve, they shall have a drink of hot water and painful punishment because they disbelieved.	To Him shall you return, all together -- God's promise, in truth. He originates creation, then He brings it back again that He may recompense those who believe and do deeds of righteousness, justly. And those who disbelieve -- for them awaits a draught of boiling water, and a painful chastisement, for their disbelieving.
10: 5-8	It is He Who made the sun to be a shining glory and the moon to be a light (of beauty), and measured out stages for her; that ye might know the number of years and the count (of time). Nowise did Allah create this but in truth and righteousness. (Thus) doth He explain His Signs in detail, for those who understand. Verily, in the alternation of the night and the day, and in all that Allah hath created, in the heavens and the earth, are signs for those who fear Him. Those who rest not their hope on their meeting with Us, but are pleased and satisfied with the life of the present, and those who heed not Our Signs,- Their abode is the Fire, because of the (evil) they earned.	He it is Who appointed the sun a splendour and the moon a light, and measured for her stages, that ye might know the number of the years, and the reckoning. Allah created not (all) that save in truth. He detaileth the revelations for people who have knowledge. Lo! in the difference of day and night and all that Allah hath created in the heavens and the earth are portents, verily, for folk who ward off (evil). Lo! those who expect not the meeting with Us but desire the life of the world and feel secure therein, and those who are neglectful of Our revelations, Their home will be the Fire because of what they used to earn.	He it is Who made the sun a shining brightness and the moon a light, and ordained for it mansions that you might know the computation of years and the reckoning. Allah did not create it but with truth; He makes the signs manifest for a people who know. Most surely in the variation of the night and the day, and what Allah has created in the heavens and the earth, there are signs for a people who guard (against evil). Surely those who do not hope in Our meeting and are pleased with this world's life and are content with it, and those who are heedless of Our communications: (As for) those, their abode is the fire because of what they earned.	It is He who made the sun a radiance, and the moon a light, and determined it by stations, that you might know the number of the years and the reckoning. God created that not save with the truth, distinguishing the signs to a people who know. In the alternation of night and day, and what God has created in the heavens and the earth -- surely there are signs for a godfearing people. Surely those who look not to encounter Us and are well-pleased with the present life and are at rest in it, and those who are heedless of Our signs, those -- their refuge is the Fire, for that they have been earning.
10: 9-10	Those who believe, and work righteousness,- their Lord will guide them because of their faith: beneath them will flow rivers in gardens of bliss. (This will be) their cry therein: "Glory to Thee, O Allah!" And "Peace" will be their greeting therein! and the close of their cry will be: "Praise be to Allah, the Cherisher and Sustainer of the worlds!"	Lo! those who believe and do good works, their Lord guideth them by their faith. Rivers will flow beneath them in the Gardens of Delight, Their prayer therein will be: Glory be to Thee, O Allah! and their greeting therein will be: Peace. And the conclusion of their prayer will be: Praise be to Allah, Lord of the Worlds!	Surely (as for) those who believe and do good, their Lord will guide them by their faith; there shall flow from beneath them rivers in gardens of bliss. Their cry in it shall be: Glory to Thee, O Allah! and their greeting in it shall be: Peace; and the last of their cry shall be: Praise be to Allah, the Lord of the worlds.	Surely those who believe, and do deeds of righteousness, their Lord will guide them for their belief; beneath them rivers flowing in gardens of bliss; their cry therein, 'Glory to Thee, O God,' their greeting, 'Peace,' and their cry ends, 'Praise belongs to God, the Lord of all Being.'

























10:99	If it had been thy Lord's will, they would all have believed,- all who are on earth! wilt thou then compel mankind, against their will, to believe!	And if thy Lord willed, all who are in the earth would have believed together. Wouldst thou (Muhammad) compel men until they are believers?	And if your Lord had pleased, surely all those who are in the earth would have believed, all of them; will you then force men till they become believers?	And if thy Lord had willed, whoever is in the earth would have believed, all of them, all together. Wouldst thou then constrain the people, until they are believers?
10: 100	No soul can believe, except by the will of Allah, and He will place doubt (or obscurity) on those who will not understand.	It is not for any soul to believe save by the permission of Allah. He hath set uncleanness upon those who have no sense.	And it is not for a soul to believe except by Allah's permission; and He casts uncleanness on those who will not understand.	It is not for any soul to believe save by the leave of God; and He lays abomination upon those who have no understanding.
10: 101 - 103	Say: "Behold all that is in the heavens and on earth"; but neither Signs nor Warners profit those who believe not. Do they then expect (any thing) but (what happened in) the days of the men who passed away before them? Say: "Wait ye then: for I, too, will wait with you." In the end We deliver Our messengers and those who believe: Thus is it fitting on Our part that We should deliver those who believe!	Say: Behold what is in the heavens and the earth! But revelations and warnings avail not folk who will not believe. What expect they save the like of the days of those who passed away before them? Say: Expect then! I am with you among the expectant. Then shall We save Our messengers and the believers, in like manner (as of old). It is incumbent upon Us to save believers.	Say: Consider what is it that is in the heavens and the earth; and signs and warners do not avail a people who would not believe. What do they wait for then but the like of the days of those who passed away before them? Say: Wait then; surely I too am with you of those who wait. Then We deliver Our messengers and those who believe— even so (now), it is binding on Us (that) We deliver the believers.	Say: 'Behold what is in the heavens and in the earth!' But neither signs nor warnings avail a people who do not believe. So do they watch and wait for aught but the like of the days of those who passed away before them? Say: 'Then watch and wait; I shall be with you watching and waiting.' Then We shall deliver Our Messengers and the believers. Even so, as is Our bounden duty, We shall deliver the believers.
10: 104 - 106	Say: "O ye men! If ye are in doubt as to my religion, (behold!) I worship not what ye worship, other than Allah! But I worship Allah - Who will take your souls (at death): I am commanded to be (in the ranks) of the Believers," "And further (thus): 'set thy face towards religion with true piety, and never in any wise be of the Unbelievers;'" "'Nor call on any, other than Allah;- Such will neither profit thee nor hurt thee: if thou dost, behold! thou shalt certainly be of those who do wrong.'"	Say (O Muhammad): O mankind! If ye are in doubt of my religion, then (know that) I worship not those whom ye worship instead of Allah, but I worship Allah Who causeth you to die, and I have been commanded to be of the believers. And, (O Muhammad) set thy purpose resolutely for religion, as a man by nature upright, and be not of those who ascribe partners (to Allah). And cry not, beside Allah, unto that which cannot profit thee nor hurt thee, for if thou didst so then wert thou of the wrong-doers.	Say: O people! if you are in doubt as to my religion, then (know that) I do not serve those whom you serve besides Allah but I do serve Allah, Who will cause you to die, and I am commanded that I should be of the believers. And that you should keep your course towards the religion uprightly; and you should not be of the polytheists. And do not call besides Allah on that which can neither benefit you nor harm you, for if you do then surely you will in that case be of the unjust.	Say: 'O men, if you are in doubt regarding my religion, I serve not those you serve apart from God, but I serve God, who will gather you to Him, and I am commanded to be of the believers, and: "Set thy face to the religion, a man of pure faith, and be thou not of the idolaters; and do not call, apart from God, on that which neither profits nor hurts thee, for if thou dost, then thou wilt surely be of the evildoers.
10: 107	If Allah do touch thee with hurt, there is none can remove it but He: if He do design some benefit for thee, there is none can keep back His favour: He causeth it to reach whomsoever of His servants He pleaseth. And He is the Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful.	If Allah afflicteth thee with some hurt, there is none who can remove it save Him; and if He desireth good for thee, there is none who can repel His bounty. He striketh with it whom He will of his bondmen. He is the Forgiving, the Merciful.	And if Allah should afflict you with harm, then there is none to remove it but He; and if He intends good to you there is none to repel His grace; He brings it to whom He pleases of His servants; and He is the Forgiving, the Merciful.	And if God visits thee with affliction, none can remove it but He; and if He desires any good for thee, none can repel His bounty; He causes it to fall upon whomsoever He will of His servants." He is the All-forgiving, the All-compassionate.'
10: 108 - 109	Say: "O ye men! Now Truth hath reached you from your Lord! those who receive guidance, do so for the good of their own souls; those who stray, do so to their own loss: and I am not (set) over you to arrange your affairs." Follow thou the inspiration sent unto thee, and be patient and constant, till Allah do decide: for He is the best to decide.	Say: O mankind! Now hath the Truth from your Lord come unto you. So whosoever is guided, is guided only for (the good of) his soul, and whosoever erreth erreth only against it. And I am not a warder over you. And (O Muhammad) follow that which is inspired in thee, and forbear until Allah give judgment. And He is the Best of Judges.	Say: O people! indeed there has come to you the truth from your Lord, therefore whoever goes aright, he goes aright only for the good of his own soul, and whoever goes astray, he goes astray only to the detriment of it, and I am not a custodian over you. And follow what is revealed to you and be patient till Allah should give judgment, and He is the best of the judges.	Say: 'O men, the truth has come to you from your Lord. Whosoever is guided is guided only to his own gain, and whosoever goes astray, it is only to his own loss. I am not a guardian over you. And follow thou what is revealed to thee; and be thou patient until God shall judge; and He is the best of judges.


11	from Mecca	Surah Hud — "Hud" — the Eleventh Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 123 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 52nd Surah of the Qur'an.
		More Predestination at 11:118-119: 'Except those on whom thy Lord hath bestowed His Mercy: and for this did He create them: and the Word of thy Lord shall be fulfilled: "I will fill Hell with jinns and men all together."'

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.
11:1	A. L. R. (This is) a Book, with verses basic or fundamental (of established meaning), further explained in detail,- from One Who is Wise and Well-acquainted (with all things):	Alif. Lam. Ra. (This is) a Scripture the revelations whereof are perfected and then expounded. (It cometh) from One Wise, Informed,	Alif Lam Ra (This is) a Book, whose verses are made decisive, then are they made plain, from the Wise, All-aware:	Alif Lam Ra. A Book whose verses are set clear, and then distinguished, from One All-wise, All-aware:
11: 2-4	(It teacheth) that ye should worship none but Allah. (Say): "Verily I am (sent) unto you from Him to warn and to bring glad tidings:" "(And to preach thus), 'Seek ye the forgiveness of your Lord, and turn to Him in repentance; that He may grant you enjoyment, good (and true), for a term appointed, and bestow His abounding grace on all who abound in merit! But if ye turn away, then I fear for you the penalty of a great day:'" "'To Allah is your return, and He hath power over all things.'"	(Saying): Serve none but Allah. Lo! I am unto you from Him a warner and a bringer of good tidings. And (bidding you): Ask pardon of your Lord and turn to Him repentant. He will cause you to enjoy a fair estate until a time appointed. He giveth His bounty unto every bountiful one. But if ye turn away, lo! (then) I fear for you the retribution of an awful Day. Unto Allah is your return, and He is Able to do all things.	That you shall not serve (any) but Allah; surely I am a warner for you from Him and a giver of good news, And you that ask forgiveness of your Lord, then turn to Him; He will provide you with a goodly provision to an appointed term and bestow His grace on every one endowed with grace, and if you turn back, then surely I fear for you the chastisement of a great day. To Allah is your return, and He has power over all things.	'Serve you none but God' (I am to you a warner from Him and a bearer of good tidings) and: 'Ask forgiveness of your Lord, then repent to Him, and He will give you fair enjoyment unto a term stated, and He will give of His bounty to every man of grace. But if you should turn your backs I fear for you the chastisement of a mighty day; to God shall you return; He is powerful over everything.'
11:05	Behold! they fold up their hearts, that they may lie hid from Him! Ah even when they cover themselves with their garments, He knoweth what they conceal, and what they reveal: for He knoweth well the (inmost secrets) of the hearts.	Lo! now they fold up their breasts that they may hide (their thoughts) from Him. At the very moment when they cover themselves with their clothing, Allah knoweth that which they keep hidden and that which they proclaim. Lo! He is Aware of what is in the breasts (of men).	Now surely they fold up their breasts that they may conceal (their enmity) from Him; now surely, when they use their garments as a covering, He knows what they conceal and what they make public; surely He knows what is in the breasts.	Behold, they fold their breasts, to hide them from Him; behold, when they wrap themselves in their garments He knows what they secrete and what they publish; surely He knows all the thoughts within the breasts.























11: 111 - 113	And, of a surety, to all will your Lord pay back (in full the recompense) of their deeds: for He knoweth well all that they do. Therefore stand firm (in the straight Path) as thou art commanded,- thou and those who with thee turn (unto Allah); and transgress not (from the Path): for He seeth well all that ye do. And incline not to those who do wrong, or the Fire will seize you; and ye have no protectors other than Allah, nor shall ye be helped.	And lo! unto each thy Lord will verily repay his works in full. Lo! He is Informed of what they do. So tread thou the straight path as thou art commanded, and those who turn (unto Allah) with thee, and transgress not. Lo! He is Seer of what ye do. And incline not toward those who do wrong lest the Fire touch you, and ye have no protecting friends against Allah, and afterward ye would not be helped.	And your Lord will most surely pay back to all their deeds in full; surely He is aware of what they do. Continue then in the right way as you are commanded, as also he who has turned (to Allah) with you, and be not inordinate (O men!), surely He sees what you do. And do not incline to those who are unjust, lest the fire touch you, and you have no guardians besides Allah, then you shall not be helped.	Surely each one of them -- thy Lord will pay them in full for their works; He is aware of the things they do. So go thou straight, as thou hast been commanded, and whoso repents with thee; and be you not insolent; surely He sees the things you do. And lean not on the evildoers, so that the Fire touches you -- you have no protectors apart from God -- and then you will not be helped.
11: 114 - 115	And establish regular prayers at the two ends of the day and at the approaches of the night: For those things, that are good remove those that are evil: Be that the word of remembrance to those who remember (their Lord): And be steadfast in patience; for verily Allah will not suffer the reward of the righteous to perish.	Establish worship at the two ends of the day and in some watches of the night. Lo! good deeds annul ill-deeds. This is reminder for the mindful. And have patience, (O Muhammad), for lo! Allah loseth not the wages of the good.	And keep up prayer in the two parts of the day and in the first hours of the night; surely good deeds take away evil deeds this is a reminder to the mindful. And be patient, for surely Allah does not waste the reward of the good-doers.	And perform the prayer at the two ends of the day and nigh of the night; surely the good deeds will drive away the evil deeds. That is a remembrance unto the mindful. And be thou patient; God will not leave to waste the wage of the good-doers.
11: 116 - 117	Why were there not, among the generations before you, persons possessed of balanced good sense, prohibiting (men) from mischief in the earth - except a few among them whom We saved (from harm)? But the wrong-doers pursued the enjoyment of the good things of life which were given them, and persisted in sin. Nor would thy Lord be the One to destroy communities for a single wrong-doing, if its members were likely to mend.	If only there had been among the generations before you men possessing a remnant (of good sense) to warn (their people) from corruption in the earth, as did a few of those whom We saved from them! The wrong-doers followed that by which they were made sapless, and were guilty. In truth thy Lord destroyed not the townships tyrannously while their folk were doing right.	But why were there not among the generations before you those possessing understanding, who should have forbidden the making of mischief in the earth, except a few of those whom We delivered from among them? And those who were unjust went after what they are made to enjoy of plenty, and they were guilty. And it did not beseem your Lord to have destroyed the towns tyrannously, while their people acted well.	Or if there had been, of the generations before you, men of a remainder forbidding corruption in the earth -- except a few of those whom We delivered of them; but the evildoers followed the ease they were given to exult in and became sinners. Yet thy Lord would never destroy the cities unjustly, while as yet their people were putting things right.
11: 118 - 119	If thy Lord had so willed, He could have made mankind one people: but they will not cease to dispute. Except those on whom thy Lord hath bestowed His Mercy: and for this did He create them: and the Word of thy Lord shall be fulfilled: "I will fill Hell with jinns and men all together."	And if thy Lord had willed, He verily would have made mankind one nation, yet they cease not differing, Save him on whom thy Lord hath mercy; and for that He did create them. And the Word of thy Lord hath been fulfilled: Verily I shall fill hell with the jinn and mankind together.	And if your Lord had pleased He would certainly have made people a single nation, and they shall continue to differ. Except those on whom your Lord has mercy; and for this did He create them; and the word of your Lord is fulfilled: Certainly I will fill hell with the jinn and the men, all together.	Had thy Lord willed, He would have made mankind one nation; but they continue in their differences excepting those on whom thy Lord has mercy. To that end He created them, and perfectly is fulfilled the word of thy Lord: 'I shall assuredly fill Gehenna with jinn and men all together.'
11: 120 - 121	All that we relate to thee of the stories of the messengers,- with it We make firm thy heart: in them there cometh to thee the Truth, as well as an exhortation and a message of remembrance to those who believe. Say to those who do not believe: "Do what ever ye can: We shall do our part;"	And all that We relate unto thee of the story of the messengers is in order that thereby We may make firm thy heart. And herein hath come unto thee the Truth and an exhortation and a reminder for believers. And say unto those who believe not: Act according to your power. Lo! We (too) are acting.	And all we relate to you of the accounts of the messengers is to strengthen your heart therewith; and in this has come to you the truth and an admonition, and a reminder to the believers. And say to those who do not believe: Act according to your state; surely we too are acting.	And all that We relate to thee of the tidings of the Messengers is that whereby We strengthen thy heart; in these there has come to thee the truth and an admonition, and a reminder to the believers. And say to the unbelievers: 'Act you according to your station; we are acting.
11: 122 - 123	"And wait ye! We too shall wait." To Allah do belong the unseen (secrets) of the heavens and the earth, and to Him goeth back every affair (for decision): then worship Him, and put thy trust in Him: and thy Lord is not unmindful of aught that ye do.	And wait! Lo! We (too) are waiting. And Allah's is the Invisible of the heavens and the earth, and unto Him the whole matter will be returned. So worship Him and put thy trust in Him. Lo! thy Lord is not unaware of what ye (mortals) do.	And wait; surely we are waiting also. And Allah's is the unseen in the heavens and the earth, and to Him is returned the whole of the affair; therefore serve Him and rely on Him, and your Lord is not heedless of what you do.	And watch and wait; we are also watching and waiting.' To God belongs the Unseen in the heavens and the earth. To Him the whole matter shall be returned; so serve Him, and put thy trust in Him. Thy Lord is not heedless of the things you do.


12	from Mecca	Surah Yusuf — "Joseph" — the Twelfth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 111 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 53rd Surah of the Qur'an.
		The Qur'an is in the "language of heaven," Arabic: Verse 12:2 (see also 13:37). At 12:101, Joseph, son of Jacob, prays to Allah that he, Joseph, be judged a "submitter" to Allah, that is, a Muslim. And at 12:103 Muhammad "receives" the "revelation" that: "Yet no faith will the greater part of mankind have, however ardently thou dost desire it." Most people remain polytheists, 12:106.

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.
12: 1-3	A.L.R. These are the symbols (or Verses) of the perspicuous Book. We have sent it down as an Arabic Qur'an, in order that ye may learn wisdom. We do relate unto thee the most beautiful of stories, in that We reveal to thee this (portion of the) Qur'an: before this, thou too was among those who knew it not.	Alif. Lam. Ra. These are verse of the Scripture that maketh plain. Lo! We have revealed it, a Lecture in Arabic, that ye may understand. We narrate unto thee (Muhammad) the best of narratives in that We have inspired in thee this Qur'an, though aforetime thou wast of the heedless.	Alif Lam Ra. These are the verses of the Book that makes (things) manifest. Surely We have revealed it— an Arabic Quran— that you may understand. We narrate to you the best of narratives, by Our revealing to you this Quran, though before this you were certainly one of those who did not know.	Alif Lam Ra. Those are the signs of the Manifest Book. We have sent it down as an Arabic Koran; haply you will understand. We will relate to thee the fairest of stories in that We have revealed to thee this Koran, though before it thou wast one of the heedless.























12: 96 - 98	Then when the bearer of the good news came, He cast (the shirt) over his face, and he forthwith regained clear sight. He said: "Did I not say to you, 'I know from Allah that which ye know not?'" They said: "O our father! ask for us forgiveness for our sins, for we were truly at fault." He said: "Soon will I ask my Lord for forgiveness for you: for he is indeed Oft-Forgiving, Most Merciful."	Then, when the bearer of glad tidings came, he laid it on his face and he became a seer once more. He said: Said I not unto you that I know from Allah that which ye know not? They said: O our father! Ask forgiveness of our sins for us, for lo! we were sinful. He said: I shall ask forgiveness for you of my Lord. Lo! He is the Forgiving, the Merciful.	So when the bearer of good news came he cast it on his face, so forthwith he regained his sight. He said: Did I not say to you that I know from Allah what you do not know? They said: O our father! ask forgiveness of our faults for us, surely we were sinners. He said: I will ask for you forgiveness from my Lord; surely He is the Forgiving, the Merciful.	But when the bearer of good tidings came to him, and laid it on his face, forthwith he saw once again. He said, 'Did I not tell you I know from God that you know not?' They said, 'Our father, ask forgiveness of our crimes for us; for certainly we have been sinful.' He said, 'Assuredly I will ask my Lord to forgive you; He is the All-forgiving, the All-compassionate.'
12: 99 - 100	Then when they entered the presence of Joseph, he provided a home for his parents with himself, and said: "Enter ye Egypt (all) in safety if it please Allah." And he raised his parents high on the throne (of dignity), and they fell down in prostration, (all) before him. He said: "O my father! this is the fulfilment of my vision of old! Allah hath made it come true! He was indeed good to me when He took me out of prison and brought you (all here) out of the desert, (even) after Satan had sown enmity between me and my brothers. Verily my Lord understandeth best the mysteries of all that He planneth to do, for verily He is full of knowledge and wisdom."	And when they came in before Joseph, he took his parents unto him, and said: Come into Egypt safe, if Allah will! And he placed his parents on the dais and they fell down before him prostrate, and he said: O my father! This is the interpretation of my dream of old. My Lord hath made it true, and He hath shown me kindness, since He took me out of the prison and hath brought you from the desert after Satan had made strife between me and my brethren. Lo! my Lord is tender unto whom He will. He is the Knower, the Wise.	Then when they came in to Yusuf, he took his parents to lodge with him and said: Enter safe into Egypt, if Allah please. And he raised his parents upon the throne and they fell down in prostration before him, and he said: O my father! this is the significance of my vision of old; my Lord has indeed made it to be true; and He was indeed kind to me when He brought me forth from the prison and brought you from the desert after the Shaitan had sown dissensions between me and my brothers, surely my Lord is benignant to whom He pleases; surely He is the Knowing, the Wise.	So, when they entered unto Joseph, he took his father and mother into his arms saying, 'Enter you into Egypt, if God will, in security.' And he lifted his father and mother upon the throne; and the others fell down prostrate before him. 'See, father,' he said, 'this is the interpretation of my vision of long ago; my Lord has made it true. He was good to me when He brought me forth from the prison, and again when He brought you out of the desert, after that Satan set at variance me and my brethren. My Lord is gentle to what He will; He is the All-knowing, the All-wise.
12: 101	"O my Lord! Thou hast indeed bestowed on me some power, and taught me something of the interpretation of dreams and events,- O Thou Creator of the heavens and the earth! Thou art my Protector in this world and in the Hereafter. Take Thou my soul (at death) as one submitting to Thy will (as a Muslim), and unite me with the righteous."	O my Lord! Thou hast given me (something) of sovereignty and hast taught me (something) of the interpretation of events - Creator of the heavens and the earth! Thou art my Protecting Guardian in the world and the Hereafter. Make me to die muslim (unto Thee), and join me to the righteous.	My Lord! Thou hast given me of the kingdom and taught me of the interpretation of sayings: Originator of the heavens and the earth! Thou art my guardian in this world and the hereafter; make me die a muslim and join me with the good.	O my Lord, Thou hast given me to rule, and Thou hast taught me the interpretation of tales. O Thou, the Originator of the heavens and earth, Thou art my Protector in this world and the next. O receive me to Thee in true submission, and join me with the righteous.'
12: 102	Such is one of the stories of what happened unseen, which We reveal by inspiration unto thee; nor wast thou (present) with them then when they concerted their plans together in the process of weaving their plots.	This is of the tidings of the Unseen which We inspire in thee (Muhammad). Thou wast not present with them when they fixed their plan and they were scheming.	This is of the announcements relating to the unseen (which) We reveal to you, and you were not with them when they resolved upon their affair, and they were devising plans.	That is of the tidings of the Unseen that We reveal to thee; thou wast not with them when they agreed upon their plan, devising.
12: 103	Yet no faith will the greater part of mankind have, however ardently thou dost desire it.	And though thou try much, most men will not believe.	And most men will not believe though you desire it eagerly.	Yet, be thou ever so eager, the most part of men believe not.
12: 104 - 105	And no reward dost thou ask of them for this: it is no less than a message for all creatures. And how many Signs in the heavens and the earth do they pass by? Yet they turn (their faces) away from them!	Thou askest them no fee for it. It is naught else than a reminder unto the peoples. How many a portent is there in the heavens and the earth which they pass by with face averted!	And you do not ask them for a reward for this; it is nothing but a reminder for all mankind. And how many a sign in the heavens and the earth which they pass by, yet they turn aside from it.	Thou askest of them no wage for it; it is nothing but a reminder unto all beings. How many a sign there is in the heavens and in the earth that they pass by, turning away from it!
12: 106	And most of them believe not in Allah without associating (other as partners) with Him!	And most of them believe not in Allah except that they attribute partners (unto Him).	And most of them do not believe in Allah without associating others (with Him).	And the most part of them believe not in God, but they associate other gods with Him.
12: 107 - 111	Do they then feel secure from the coming against them of the covering veil of the wrath of Allah,- or of the coming against them of the (final) Hour all of a sudden while they perceive not? Say thou: "This is my way: I do invite unto Allah,- on evidence clear as the seeing with one's eyes,- I and whoever follows me. Glory to Allah! and never will I join gods with Allah!" Nor did We send before thee (as messengers) any but men, whom we did inspire,- (men) living in human habitations. Do they not travel through the earth, and see what was the end of those before them? But the home of the hereafter is best, for those who do right. Will ye not then understand? (Respite will be granted) until, when the messengers give up hope (of their people) and (come to) think that they were treated as liars, there reaches them Our help, and those whom We will are delivered into safety. But never will be warded off our punishment from those who are in sin. There is, in their stories, instruction for men endued with understanding. It is not a tale invented, but a confirmation of what went before it,- a detailed exposition of all things, and a guide and a mercy to any such as believe.	Deem they themselves secure from the coming on them of a pall of Allah's punishment, or the coming of the Hour suddenly while they are unaware? Say: This is my Way: I call on Allah with sure knowledge. I and whosoever followeth me - Glory be to Allah! - and I am not of the idolaters. We sent not before thee (any messengers) save men whom We inspired from among the folk of the townships - Have they not travelled in the land and seen the nature of the consequence for those who were before them? And verily the abode of the Hereafter, for those who ward off (evil), is best. Have ye then no sense? - Till, when the messengers despaired and thought that they were denied, then came unto them Our help, and whom We would was saved. And Our wrath cannot be warded from the guilty. In their history verily there is a lesson for men of understanding. It is no invented story but a confirmation of the existing (Scripture) and a detailed explanation of everything, and a guidance and a mercy for folk who believe.	Do they then feel secure that there may come to them an extensive chastisement from Allah or (that) the hour may come to them suddenly while they do not perceive? Say: This is my way: I call to Allah, I and those who follow me being certain, and glory be to Allah, and I am not one of the polytheists. And We have not sent before you but men from (among) the people of the towns, to whom We sent revelations. Have they not then travelled in the land and seen what was the end of those before them? And certainly the abode of the hereafter is best for those who guard (against evil); do you not then understand? Until when the messengers despaired and the people became sure that they were indeed told a lie, Our help came to them and whom We pleased was delivered; and Our punishment is not averted from the guilty people. In their histories there is certainly a lesson for men of understanding. It is not a narrative which could be forged, but a verification of what is before it and a distinct explanation of all things and a guide and a mercy to a people who believe.	Do they feel secure that there shall come upon them no enveloping of the chastisement of God, or that the Hour shall not come upon them suddenly when they are unaware? Say: 'This is my way. I call to God with sure knowledge, I and whoever follows after me. To God be glory! And I am not among the idolaters.' We sent not forth any before thee, but men We revealed to of the people living in the cities. Have they not journeyed in the land? Have they not beheld how was the end of those before them?. Surely the abode of the world to come is better for those that are godfearing. What, do you not understand? Till, when the Messengers despaired, deeming they were counted liars, Our help came to them and whosoever We willed was delivered. Our might will never be turned back from the people of the sinners. In their stories is surely a lesson to men possessed of minds; it is not a tale forged, but a confirmation of what is before it, and a distinguishing of every thing, and a guidance, and a mercy to a people who believe.


13	from Medina	Surah Ar-Rad — "The Thunder" — the Thirteenth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 43 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 96th Surah of the Qur'an.
		Already at 13:1, "most people do not believe." In 13:2-4, Muhammad's attempt at a bit of a "Genesis" account. Again, Predestination at 13:31 and 13:33. At 13:35 Muhammad promises a "heaven" of gardens, water, shade and food to the Arabian desert dwellers listening to him. At 13:37 (as at 12:2), the Qur'an is Arabic. At 13:41 Allah is "swift to take account," though many Quranic references to his forbearance, oft-forgivefullness.

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.
13:1	A.L.M.R. These are the signs (or verses) of the Book: that which hath been revealed unto thee from thy Lord is the Truth; but most men believe not.	Alif. Lam. Mim. Ra. These are verses of the Scripture. That which is revealed unto thee from thy Lord is the Truth, but most of mankind believe not.	Alif Lam Mim Ra. These are the verses of the Book; and that which is revealed to you from your Lord is the truth, but most people do not believe.	Alif Lam Mim Ra. Those are the signs of the Book; and that which has been sent down to thee from thy Lord is the truth, but most men do not believe.
13: 2-4	Allah is He Who raised the heavens without any pillars that ye can see; is firmly established on the throne (of authority); He has subjected the sun and the moon (to his Law)! Each one runs (its course) for a term appointed. He doth regulate all affairs, explaining the signs in detail, that ye may believe with certainty in the meeting with your Lord. And it is He who spread out the earth, and set thereon mountains standing firm and (flowing) rivers: and fruit of every kind He made in pairs, two and two: He draweth the night as a veil o'er the Day. Behold, verily in these things there are signs for those who consider! And in the earth are tracts (diverse though) neighbouring, and gardens of vines and fields sown with corn, and palm trees - growing out of single roots or otherwise: watered with the same water, yet some of them We make more excellent than others to eat. Behold, verily in these things there are signs for those who understand!	Allah it is Who raised up the heavens without visible supports, then mounted the Throne, and compelled the sun and the moon to be of service, each runneth unto an appointed term; He ordereth the course; He detaileth the revelations, that haply ye may be certain of the meeting with your Lord. And He it is Who spread out the earth and placed therein firm hills and flowing streams, and of all fruits He placed therein two spouses (male and female). He covereth the night with the day. Lo! herein verily are portents for people who take thought. And in the Earth are neighbouring tracts, vineyards and ploughed lands, and date-palms, like and unlike, which are watered with one water. And we have made some of them to excel others in fruit. Lo! herein verily are portents for people who have sense.	Allah is He Who raised the heavens without any pillars that you see, and He is firm in power and He made the sun and the moon subservient (to you); each one pursues its course to an appointed time; He regulates the affair, making clear the signs that you may be certain of meeting your Lord. And He it is Who spread the earth and made in it firm mountains and rivers, and of all fruits He has made in it two kinds; He makes the night cover the day; most surely there are signs in this for a people who reflect. And in the earth there are tracts side by side and gardens of grapes and corn and palm trees having one root and (others) having distinct roots— they are watered with one water, and We make some of them excel others in fruit; most surely there are signs in this for a people who understand.	God is He who raised up the heavens without pillars you can see, then He sat Himself upon the Throne. He subjected the sun and the moon, each one running to a term stated. He directs the affair; He distinguishes the signs; haply you will have faith in the encounter with your Lord. It is He who stretched out the earth and set therein firm mountains and rivers, and of every fruit He placed there two kinds, covering the day with the night. Surely in that are signs for a people who reflect. And on the earth are tracts neighbouring each to each, and gardens of vines, and fields sown, and palms in pairs, and palms single, watered with one water; and some of them We prefer in produce above others. Surely in that are signs for a people who understand.
13: 5-7	If thou dost marvel (at their want of faith), strange is their saying: "When we are (actually) dust, shall we indeed then be in a creation renewed?" They are those who deny their Lord! They are those round whose necks will be yokes (of servitude): they will be Companions of the Fire, to dwell therein (for aye)! They ask thee to hasten on the evil in preference to the good: Yet have come to pass, before them, (many) exemplary punishments! But verily thy Lord is full of forgiveness for mankind for their wrong-doing, and verily thy Lord is (also) strict in punishment. And the Unbelievers say: "Why is not a sign sent down to him from his Lord?" But thou art truly a warner, and to every people a guide.	And if thou wonderest, then wondrous is their saying: When we are dust, are we then forsooth (to be raised) in a new creation? Such are they who disbelieve in their Lord; such have carcans on their necks; such are rightful owners of the Fire, they will abide therein. And they bid thee hasten on the evil rather than the good, when exemplary punishments have indeed occurred before them. But lo! thy Lord is rich in pardon for mankind despite their wrong, and lo! thy Lord is strong in punishment. Those who disbelieve say: If only some portent were sent down upon him from his Lord! Thou art a warner only, and for every folk a guide.	And if you would wonder, then wondrous is their saying: What! when we are dust, shall we then certainly be in a new creation? These are they who disbelieve in their Lord, and these have chains on their necks, and they are the inmates of the fire; in it they shall abide. And they ask you to hasten on the evil before the good, and indeed there have been exemplary punishments before them; and most surely your Lord is the Lord of forgiveness to people, notwithstanding their injustice; and most surely your Lord is severe in requiting (evil). And those who disbelieve say: Why has not a sign been sent down upon him from his Lord? You are only a warner and (there is) a guide for every people.	If thou wouldst wonder, surely wonderful is their saying, 'What, when we are dust shall we indeed then be raised up again in new creation?' Those are they that disbelieve in their Lord; those -- on their necks are fetters; those shall be the inhabitants of the Fire, therein dwelling forever. They would have thee hasten the evil ere the good; yet there have passed away before them examples. Thy Lord is forgiving to men, for all their evil-doing, and thy Lord is terrible in retribution. The unbelievers say, 'Why has a sign not been sent down upon him from his Lord?' Thou art only a warner, and a guide to every people.


















13:30	Thus have we sent thee amongst a People before whom (long since) have (other) Peoples (gone and) passed away; in order that thou mightest rehearse unto them what We send down unto thee by inspiration; yet do they reject (Him), the Most Gracious! Say: "He is my Lord! There is no god but He! On Him is my trust, and to Him do I turn!"	Thus We send thee (O Muhammad) unto a nation, before whom other nations have passed away, that thou mayst recite unto them that which We have inspired in thee, while they are disbelievers in the Beneficent. Say: He is my Lord; there is no God save Him. In Him do I put my trust and unto Him is my recourse.	And thus We have sent you among a nation before which other nations have passed away, that you might recite to them what We have revealed to you and (still) they deny the Beneficent Allah. Say: He is my Lord, there is no god but He; on Him do I rely and to Him is my return.	Thus We have sent thee among a nation before which other nations have passed away, to recite to them that We have revealed to thee; and yet they disbelieve in the All-merciful. Say: 'He is my Lord -- there is no god but He. In Him I have put my trust, and to Him I turn.
13:31	If there were a Qur'an with which mountains were moved, or the earth were cloven asunder, or the dead were made to speak, (this would be the one!) But, truly, the command is with Allah in all things! Do not the Believers know, that, had Allah (so) willed, He could have guided all mankind (to the right)? But the Unbelievers,- never will disaster cease to seize them for their (ill) deeds, or to settle close to their homes, until the promise of Allah come to pass, for, verily, Allah will not fail in His promise.	Had it been possible for a Lecture to cause the mountains to move, or the earth to be torn asunder, or the dead to speak, (this Qur'an would have done so). Nay, but Allah's is the whole command. Do not those who believe know that, had Allah willed, He could have guided all mankind? As for those who disbelieve, disaster ceaseth not to strike them because of what they do, or it dwelleth near their home until the threat of Allah come to pass. Lo! Allah faileth not to keep the tryst.	And even if there were a Quran with which the mountains were made to pass away, or the earth were travelled over with it, or the dead were made to speak thereby; nay! the commandment is wholly Allah's, Have not yet those who believe known that if Allah please He would certainly guide all the people? And (as for) those who disbelieve, there will not cease to afflict them because of what they do a repelling calamity, or it will alight close by their abodes, until the promise of Allah comes about; surely Allah will not fail in (His) promise.	If only a Koran whereby the mountains were set in motion, or the earth were cleft, or the dead were spoken to -- nay, but God's is the affair altogether. Did not the believers know that, if God had willed, He would have guided men all together? And still the unbelievers are smitten by a shattering for what they wrought, or it alights nigh their habitation, until God's promise comes; and God will not fail the tryst.
13:32	Mocked were (many) messengers before thee: but I granted respite to the unbelievers, and finally I punished them: Then how (terrible) was my requital!	And verily messengers (of Allah) were mocked before thee, but long I bore with those who disbelieved. At length I seized them, and how (awful) was My punishment!	And messengers before you were certainly mocked at, but I gave respite to those who disbelieved, then I destroyed them; how then was My requital (of evil)?	Messengers indeed were scoffed at before thee, and I respited the unbelievers; then I seized them -- and how was my retribution?
13:33	Is then He who standeth over every soul (and knoweth) all that it doth, (like any others)? And yet they ascribe partners to Allah. Say: "But name them! is it that ye will inform Him of something he knoweth not on earth, or is it (just) a show of words?" Nay! to those who believe not, their pretence seems pleasing, but they are kept back (thereby) from the path. And those whom Allah leaves to stray, no one can guide.	Is He Who is aware of the deserts of every soul (as he who is aware of nothing)? Yet they ascribe unto Allah partners. Say: Name them. Is it that ye would inform Him of something which He knoweth not in the earth? Or is it but a way of speaking? Nay but their contrivance is made seeming fair for those who disbelieve and they are kept from the right road. He whom Allah sendeth astray, for him there is no guide.	Is He then Who watches every soul as to what it earns? And yet they give associates to Allah! Say: Give them a name; nay, do you mean to inform Him of what He does not know in the earth, or (do you affirm this) by an outward saying? Rather, their plans are made to appear fair-seeming to those who disbelieve, and they are kept back from the path; and whom Allah makes err, he shall have no guide.	What, He who stands over every soul for what it has earned? -- And yet they ascribe to God associates. Say: 'Name them! Or will you tell Him what He knows not in the earth? Or in apparent words?' Nay; but decked out fair to the unbelievers is their devising, and they are barred from the way; and whomsoever God leads astray, no guide has he.
13:34	For them is a penalty in the life of this world, but harder, truly, is the penalty of the Hereafter: and defender have they none against Allah.	For them is torment in the life of the world, and verily the doom of the Hereafter is more painful, and they have no defender from Allah.	They shall have chastisement in this world's life, and the chastisement of the hereafter is certainly more grievous, and they shall have no protector against Allah.	For them is chastisement in the present life; and the chastisement of the world to come is yet more grievous; they have none to defend them from God.
13:35	The parable of the Garden which the righteous are promised!- beneath it flow rivers: perpetual is the enjoyment thereof and the shade therein: such is the end of the Righteous; and the end of Unbelievers in the Fire.	A similitude of the Garden which is promised unto those who keep their duty (to Allah): Underneath it rivers flow; its food is everlasting, and its shade; this is the reward of those who keep their duty, while the reward of disbelievers is the Fire.	A likeness of the garden which the righteous are promised; there flow beneath it rivers, its food and shades are perpetual; this is the requital of those who guarded (against evil), and the requital of the unbelievers is the fire.	The likeness of Paradise, that is promised to the godfearing: beneath it rivers flow, its produce is eternal, and its shade. That is the requital of the god-fearing; and the requital of the unbelievers is -- the Fire!
13:36	Those to whom We have given the Book rejoice at what hath been revealed unto thee: but there are among the clans those who reject a part thereof. Say: "I am commanded to worship Allah, and not to join partners with Him. Unto Him do I call, and unto Him is my return."	Those unto whom We gave the Scripture rejoice in that which is revealed unto thee. And of the clans there are who deny some of it. Say: I am commanded only that I serve Allah and ascribe unto Him no partner. Unto Him I cry, and unto Him is my return.	And those to whom We have given the Book rejoice in that which has been revealed to you, and of the confederates are some who deny a part of it. Say: I am only commanded that I should serve Allah and not associate anything with Him, to Him do I invite (you) and to Him is my return.	And those to whom We have given the Book rejoice in what is sent down unto thee; and of the parties some reject some of it. Say: 'I have only been commanded to serve God, and not to associate aught with Him. To Him I call, and to Him I turn.'
13:37	Thus have We revealed it to be a judgment of authority in Arabic. Wert thou to follow their (vain) desires after the knowledge which hath reached thee, then wouldst thou find neither protector nor defender against Allah.	Thus have We revealed it, a decisive utterance in Arabic; and if thou shouldst follow their desires after that which hath come unto thee of knowledge, then truly wouldst thou have from Allah no protecting friend nor defender.	And thus have We revealed it, a true judgment in Arabic, and if you follow their low desires after what has come to you of knowledge, you shall not have against Allah any guardian or a protector.	Even so We have sent it down as an Arabic judgment. And if thou dost follow their caprices, after the knowledge that has come to thee, thou shalt have no protector against God, and no defender.
13: 38 - 43	We did send messengers before thee, and appointed for them wives and children: and it was never the part of a messenger to bring a sign except as Allah permitted (or commanded). For each period is a Book (revealed). Allah doth blot out or confirm what He pleaseth: with Him is the Mother of the Book. Whether We shall show thee (within thy life-time) part of what we promised them or take to ourselves thy soul (before it is all accomplished),- thy duty is to make (the Message) reach them: it is our part to call them to account. See they not that We gradually reduce the land (in their control) from its outlying borders? (Where) Allah commands, there is none to put back His Command: and He is swift in calling to account. Those before them did (also) devise plots; but in all things the master-planning is Allah's He knoweth the doings of every soul: and soon will the Unbelievers know who gets home in the end. The Unbelievers say: "No messenger art thou." Say: "Enough for a witness between me and you is Allah, and such as have knowledge of the Book."	And verily We sent messengers (to mankind) before thee, and We appointed for them wives and offspring, and it was not (given) to any messenger that he should bring a portent save by Allah's leave. For everything there is a time prescribed. Allah effaceth what He will, and establisheth (what He will), and with Him is the source of ordinance. Whether We let thee see something of that which We have promised them, or make thee die (before its happening), thine is but conveyance (of the message). Ours the reckoning. See they not how we aim to the land, reducing it of its outlying parts? (When) Allah doometh there is none that can postpone His doom, and He is swift at reckoning. Those who were before them plotted; but all plotting is Allah's. He knoweth that which each soul earneth. The disbelievers will come to know for whom will be the sequel of the (heavenly) Home. They who disbelieve say: Thou art no messenger (of Allah). Say: Allah, and whosoever hath knowledge of the Scripture, is sufficient witness between me and you.	And certainly We sent messengers before you and gave them wives and children, and it is not in (the power of) a messenger to bring a sign except by Allah's permission; for every term there is an appointment. Allah makes to pass away and establishes what He pleases, and with Him is the basis of the Book. And We will either let you see part of what We threaten them with or cause you to die, for only the delivery of the message is (incumbent) on you, while calling (them) to account is Our (business). Do they not see that We are bringing destruction upon the land by curtailing it of its sides? And Allah pronounces a doom— there is no repeller of His decree, and He is swift to take account. And those before them did indeed make plans, but all planning is Allah's; He knows what every soul earns, and the unbelievers shall come to know for whom is the (better) issue of the abode. And those who disbelieve say: You are not a messenger. Say: Allah is sufficient as a witness between me and you and whoever has knowledge of the Book.	And We sent Messengers before thee, and We assigned to them wives, and seed; and it was not for any Messengers to bring a sign, but by God's leave. Every term has a Book. God blots out, and He establishes whatsoever He will; and with Him is the Essence of the Book. Whether We show thee a part of that We promise them, or We call thee to Us, it is thine only to deliver the Message, and Ours the reckoning. Have they not seen how We come to the land diminishing it in its extremities? God judges; none repels His judgment; He is swift at the reckoning. Those that were before them devised; but God's is the devising altogether. He knows what every soul earns. The unbelievers shall assuredly know whose will be the Ultimate Abode. The unbelievers say, 'Thou art not an Envoy.' Say: 'God suffices as a witness between me and you, and whosoever possesses knowledge of the Book.'


14	from Mecca	Surah Ibrahim — "Abraham" — the Fourteenth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 52 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 72nd Surah of the Qur'an.
		Hell already at 14:2. And Predestination already at 14:4. In 14:37-41 Ibrahim (Abraham) is praying and thanking (in the first person) Allah, including thanking him (Allah) for Ishmael and Isaac in his (Ibrahim's) old age. At 14:42-44 more horrors of hell; and also Muhammad's escatology and Muhammad's hell at 14:47 to the end of the chapter at 14:52 (e.g., "Their garments of liquid pitch, and their faces covered with Fire;"), though note at 14:51 again, the theme: "That Allah may repay each soul what it hath earned. Lo! Allah is swift at reckoning." But given the many references in the Qur'an to man's complete Predestination, including in this Chapter 14 at Verse 4, how can it be meaningful to declare that Allah "repays each soul what it has earned"?

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.
14:1	A. L. R. A Book which We have revealed unto thee, in order that thou mightest lead mankind out of the depths of darkness into light - by the leave of their Lord - to the Way of (Him) the Exalted in power, worthy of all praise!-	Alif. Lam. Ra. (This is) a Scripture which We have revealed unto thee (Muhammad) that thereby thou mayst bring forth mankind from darkness unto light, by the permission of their Lord, unto the path of the Mighty, the Owner of Praise,	Alif Lam Ra. (This is) a Book which We have revealed to you that you may bring forth men, by their Lord's permission from utter darkness into light— to the way of the Mighty, the Praised One,	Alif Lam Ra. A Book We have sent down to thee that thou mayest bring forth mankind from the shadows to the light by the leave of their Lord, to the path of the All-mighty, the All-laudable,
14: 2-3	Of Allah, to Whom do belong all things in the heavens and on earth! But alas for the Unbelievers for a terrible penalty (their Unfaith will bring them)!- Those who love the life of this world more than the Hereafter, who hinder (men) from the Path of Allah and seek therein something crooked: they are astray by a long distance.	Allah, unto Whom belongeth whatsoever is in the heavens and whatsoever is in the earth. And woe unto the disbelievers from an awful doom; Those who love the life of the world more than the Hereafter, and debar (men) from the way of Allah and would have it crooked: such are far astray.	(Of) Allah, Whose is whatever is in the heavens and whatever Is in the earth; and woe to the unbelievers on account of the severe chastisement, (To) those who love this world's life more than the hereafter, and turn away from Allah's path and desire to make it crooked; these are in a great error.	God, to whom belongs all that is in the heavens and all that is in the earth. And woe to the unbelievers for a terrible chastisement, such as prefer the present life over the world to come, and bar from God's way, desiring to make it crooked -- they are in far error.
14:4	We sent not a messenger except (to teach) in the language of his (own) people, in order to make (things) clear to them. Now Allah leaves straying those whom He pleases and guides whom He pleases: and He is Exalted in power, full of Wisdom.	And We never sent a messenger save with the language of his folk, that he might make (the message) clear for them. Then Allah sendeth whom He will astray, and guideth whom He will. He is the Mighty, the Wise.	And We did not send any messenger but with the language of his people, so that he might explain to them clearly; then Allah makes whom He pleases err and He guides whom He pleases and He is the Mighty, the Wise.	And We have sent no Messenger save with the tongue of his people, that he might make all clear to them; then God leads astray whomsoever He will, and He guides whomsoever He will; and He is the All-mighty, the All-wise.















14: 37	"O our Lord! I have made some of my offspring to dwell in a valley without cultivation, by Thy Sacred House; in order, O our Lord, that they may establish regular Prayer: so fill the hearts of some among men with love towards them, and feed them with fruits: so that they may give thanks."	Our Lord! Lo! I have settled some of my posterity in an uncultivable valley near unto Thy holy House, our Lord! that they may establish proper worship; so incline some hearts of men that they may yearn toward them, and provide Thou them with fruits in order that they may be thankful.	O our Lord! surely I have settled a part of my offspring in a valley unproductive of fruit near Thy Sacred House, our Lord! that they may keep up prayer; therefore make the hearts of some people yearn towards them and provide them with fruits; haply they may be grateful:	Our Lord, I have made some of my seed to dwell in a valley where is no sown land by Thy Holy House; Our Lord, let them perform the prayer, and make hearts of men yearn towards them, and provide them with fruits; haply they will be thankful.
14: 38 - 41	"O our Lord! truly Thou dost know what we conceal and what we reveal: for nothing whatever is hidden from Allah, whether on earth or in heaven." "Praise be to Allah, Who hath granted unto me in old age Isma'il and Isaac: for truly my Lord is He, the Hearer of Prayer!" O my Lord! make me one who establishes regular Prayer, and also (raise such) among my offspring O our Lord! and accept Thou my Prayer. "O our Lord! cover (us) with Thy Forgiveness - me, my parents, and (all) Believers, on the Day that the Reckoning will be established!"	Our Lord! Lo! Thou knowest that which we hide and that which we proclaim. Nothing in the earth or in the heaven is hidden from Allah. Praise be to Allah Who hath given me, in my old age, Ishmael and Isaac! Lo! my Lord is indeed the Hearer of Prayer. My Lord! Make me to establish proper worship, and some of my posterity (also); our Lord! and accept my prayer. Our Lord! Forgive me and my parents and believers on the day when the account is cast.	O our Lord! Surely Thou knowest what we hide and what we make public, and nothing in the earth nor any thing in heaven is hidden from Allah: Praise be to Allah, Who has given me in old age Ismail and Ishaq; most surely my Lord is the Hearer of prayer: My Lord! make me keep up prayer and from my offspring (too), O our Lord, and accept my prayer: O our Lord! grant me protection and my parents and the believers on the day when the reckoning shall come to pass!	Our Lord, Thou knowest what we keep secret and what we publish; from God nothing whatever is hidden in earth and heaven. Praise be to God, who has given me, though I am old, Ishmael and Isaac; surely my Lord hears the petition. My Lord, make me a performer of the prayer, and of my seed. Our Lord, and receive my petition. Our Lord, forgive Thou me and my parents, and the believers, upon the day when the reckoning shall come to pass.
14: 42 - 44	Think not that Allah doth not heed the deeds of those who do wrong. He but giveth them respite against a Day when the eyes will fixedly stare in horror,- They running forward with necks outstretched, their heads uplifted, their gaze returning not towards them, and their hearts a (gaping) void! So warn mankind of the Day when the Wrath will reach them: then will the wrong-doers say: "Our Lord! respite us (if only) for a short term: we will answer Thy call, and follow the messengers!" "What! were ye not wont to swear aforetime that ye should suffer no decline?"	Deem not that Allah is unaware of what the wicked do. He but giveth them a respite till a day when eyes will stare (in terror), As they come hurrying on in fear, their heads upraised, their gaze returning not to them, and their hearts as air. And warn mankind of a day when the doom will come upon them, and those who did wrong will say: Our Lord! Reprieve us for a little while. We will obey Thy call and will follow the messengers. (It will be answered): Did ye not swear before that there would be no end for you?	And do not think Allah to be heedless of what the unjust do; He only respites them to a day on which the eyes shall be fixedly open, Hastening forward, their heads upraised, their eyes not reverting to them and their hearts vacant. And warn people of the day when the chastisement shall come to them, then those who were unjust will say: O our Lord! respite us to a near term, (so) we shall respond to Thy call and follow the messengers. What! did you not swear before (that) there will be no passing away for you!	Deem not that God is heedless of what the evildoers work; He is only deferring them to a day when eyes shall stare, when they shall run with necks outstretched and heads erect, their glances never returned on themselves, their hearts void. And warn mankind of the day when the chastisement comes on them, And those who did evil shall say, 'Our Lord, defer us to a near term, and we will answer Thy call, and follow the Messengers.' 'Ah, but did you not swear aforetime there should be no removing for you?
14: 45 - 46	"And ye dwelt in the dwellings of men who wronged their own souls; ye were clearly shown how We dealt with them; and We put forth (many) parables in your behoof!" Mighty indeed were the plots which they made, but their plots were (well) within the sight of Allah, even though they were such as to shake the hills!	And (have ye not) dwelt in the dwellings of those who wronged themselves (of old) and (hath it not) become plain to you how We dealt with them and made examples for you? Verily they have plotted their plot, and their plot is with Allah, though their plot were one whereby the mountains should be moved.	And you dwell in the abodes of those who were unjust to themselves, and it is clear to you how We dealt with them and We have made (them) examples to you. And they have indeed planned their plan, but their plan is with Allah, though their plan was such that the mountains should pass away thereby.	And you dwelt in the dwelling-places of those who wronged themselves, and it became clear to you how We did with them, and how We struck similitudes for you. They devised their devising, and their devising is known to God; though their devising were such as to remove mountains.'
14: 47 - 52	Never think that Allah would fail his messengers in His promise: for Allah is Exalted in power, - the Lord of Retribution. One day the earth will be changed to a different earth, and so will be the heavens, and (men) will be marshalled forth, before Allah, the One, the Irresistible; And thou wilt see the sinners that day bound together in fetters;- Their garments of liquid pitch, and their faces covered with Fire; That Allah may requite each soul according to its deserts; and verily Allah is swift in calling to account. Here is a Message for mankind: Let them take warning therefrom, and let them know that He is (no other than) One Allah: let men of understanding take heed.	So think not that Allah will fail to keep His promise to His messengers. Lo! Allah is Mighty, Able to Requite (the wrong). On the day when the earth will be changed to other than the earth, and the heavens (also will be changed) and they will come forth unto Allah, the One, the Almighty, Thou wilt see the guilty on that day linked together in chains, Their raiment of pitch, and the Fire covering their faces, That Allah may repay each soul what it hath earned. Lo! Allah is swift at reckoning. This is a clear message for mankind in order that they may be warned thereby, and that they may know that He is only One Allah, and that men of understanding may take heed.	Therefore do not think Allah (to be one) failing in His promise to His messengers; surely Allah is Mighty, the Lord of Retribution. On the day when the earth shall be changed into a different earth, and the heavens (as well), and they shall come forth before Allah, the One, the Supreme. And you will see the guilty on that day linked together in chains. Their shirts made of pitch and the fire covering their faces That Allah may requite each soul (according to) what it has earned; surely Allah is swift in reckoning. This is a sufficient exposition for the people and that they may be warned thereby, and that they may know that He is One Allah and that those possessed of understanding may mind.	So do not deem that God will fail in His promise to His Messengers; surely God is All-mighty, Vengeful. Upon the day the earth shall be changed to other than the earth, and the heavens and they sally forth unto God, the One, the Omnipotent. And thou shalt see the sinners that day coupled in fetters, of pitch their shirts, their faces enveloped by the Fire, that God may recompense every soul for its earnings; surely God is swift at the reckoning. This is a Message to be delivered to mankind that they may be warned by it, and that they may know that He is One God, and that all possessed of minds may remember.


15	from Mecca	Surah Al-Hijr — "The Rocky Tract" — the Fifteenth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 99 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 54th Surah of the Qur'an.
		At 15:6, Muhammad having "god" respond to people calling him, Muhammad, mad (insane). At 15:9 we are told that "the Message" [Muhammad's "revelation," that is, the Qur'an] will be guarded from corruption, and yet inexplicably this same omnipotent "Allah" of Muhammad failed, according to Muhammad's teaching, to effectively guard the previous messages sent by the previous messengers (e.g., Moses and Jesus). And in 15:12-13 we find a most fundamental difference between Muhammad's "theology" and the Truth of Christianity. Muhammad has his "god" not permitting evil — the disobedience of free men to God's will — but rather Muhammad's "god" causes the evil to happen.

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.
15:1	A. L. R. These are the Ayats of Revelation,- of a Qur'an that makes things clear.	Alif. Lam. Ra. These are verses of the Scripture and a plain Reading.	Alif Lam Ra. These are the verses of the Book and (of) a Quran that makes (things) clear.	Alif Lam Ra. Those are the signs of the Book and of a manifest Koran.
15: 2-5	Again and again will those who disbelieve, wish that they had bowed (to Allah's will) in Islam. Leave them alone, to enjoy (the good things of this life) and to please themselves: let (false) hope amuse them: soon will knowledge (undeceive them). Never did We destroy a population that had not a term decreed and assigned beforehand. Neither can a people anticipate its term, nor delay it.	It may be that those who disbelieve wish ardently that they were Muslims. Let them eat and enjoy life, and let (false) hope beguile them. They will come to know! And We destroyed no township but there was a known decree for it. No nation can outstrip its term nor can they lag behind.	Often will those who disbelieve wish that they had been Muslims. Leave them that they may eat and enjoy themselves and (that) hope may beguile them, for they will soon know. And never did We destroy a town but it had a term made known. No people can hasten on their doom nor can they postpone (it).	Perchance the unbelievers will wish that they had surrendered: leave them to eat, and to take their joy, and to be bemused by hope; certainly they will soon know! Never a city have We destroyed, but it had a known decree, and no nation outstrips its term, nor do they put it back.
15:6	They say: "O thou to whom the Message is being revealed! truly thou art mad (or possessed)!"	And they say: O thou unto whom the Reminder is revealed, lo! thou art indeed a madman!	And they say: O you to whom the Reminder has been revealed! you are most surely insane:	They say: 'Thou, upon whom the Remembrance is sent down, thou art assuredly possessed!
15: 7-8	"Why bringest thou not angels to us if it be that thou hast the Truth?" We send not the angels down except for just cause: if they came (to the ungodly), behold! no respite would they have!	Why bringest thou not angels unto us, if thou art of the truthful? We send not down the angels save with the Fact, and in that case (the disbelievers) would not be tolerated.	Why do you not bring to us the angels if you are of the truthful ones? We do not send the angels but with truth, and then they would not be respited.	Why dost thou not bring the angels unto us, if thou speakest truly?' We send not down the angels, save with truth;
15:9	We have, without doubt, sent down the Message; and We will assuredly guard it (from corruption).	Lo! We, even We, reveal the Reminder, and lo! We verily are its Guardian.	Surely We have revealed the Reminder and We will most surely be its guardian.	then they would not be respited. It is We who have sent down the Remembrance, and We watch over it.
15: 10 - 11	We did send messengers before thee amongst the religious sects of old: But never came a messenger to them but they mocked him.	We verily sent (messengers) before thee among the factions of the men of old. And never came there unto them a messenger but they did mock him.	And certainly We sent (messengers) before you among the nations of yore. And there never came a messenger to them but they mocked him.	Indeed, We sent Messengers before thee, among the factions of the ancients, and not a single Messenger came to them, but they mocked at him;
15: 12-13	Even so do we let it creep into the hearts of the sinners - That they should not believe in the (Message); but the ways of the ancients have passed away.	Thus do We make it traverse the hearts of the guilty: They believe not therein, though the example of the men of old hath gone before.	Thus do We make it to enter into the hearts of the guilty; They do not believe in it, and indeed the example of the former people has already passed.	even so We cause it to enter into the hearts of the sinners -- they believe not in it, though the wont of the ancients is already gone.
15: 14-15	Even if We opened out to them a gate from heaven, and they were to continue (all day) ascending therein, They would only say: "Our eyes have been intoxicated: Nay, we have been bewitched by sorcery."	And even if We opened unto them a gate of heaven and they kept mounting through it, They would say: Our sight is wrong - nay, but we are folk bewitched.	And even if We open to them a gateway of heaven, so that they ascend into it all the while, They would certainly say: Only our eyes have been covered over, rather we are an enchanted people.	Though We opened to them a gate in heaven, and still they mounted through it, yet would they say, 'Our eyes have been dazzled; nay, we are a people bewitched!'


16	from Mecca	Surah An-Nahl — "The Honey Bees" — the Sixteenth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 128 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 70th Surah of the Qur'an.
		In Verse 16:106, lying regarding devotion to Muhammad, his teaching, Dar

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)	John Medows Rodwell (R)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.







16: 106	Any one who, after accepting faith in Allah, utters Unbelief,- except under compulsion, his heart remaining firm in Faith - but such as open their breast to Unbelief, on them is Wrath from Allah, and theirs will be a dreadful Penalty.	Whoso disbelieveth in Allah after his belief - save him who is forced thereto and whose heart is still content with the Faith - but whoso findeth ease in disbelief: On them is wrath from Allah. Theirs will be an awful doom.	He who disbelieves in Allah after his having believed, not he who is compelled while his heart is at rest on account of faith, but he who opens (his) breast to disbelief— on these is the wrath of Allah, and they shall have a grievous chastisement.	Whoso disbelieves in God, after he has believed -- excepting him who has been compelled, and his heart is still at rest in his belief -- but whosoever's breast is expanded in unbelief, upon them shall rest anger from God, and there awaits them a mighty chastisement;	Whoso, after he hath believed in God denieth him, if he were forced to it and if his heart remain steadfast in the faith, shall be guiltless: but whoso openeth his breast to infidelity - on such shall be wrath from God, and a severe punishment awaiteth them.


17	from Mecca	Surah Al-Isra — "The Night Journey" — the Seventeenth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 111 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 50th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


18	from Mecca	Surah Al-Kahf — "The Cave" — the Eighteenth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 110 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 69th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


19	from Mecca	Surah Maryam — "Mary" — the Nineteenth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 98 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 44th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


20	from Mecca	Surah Taha — "Ta-Ha" — the Twentieth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 135 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 45th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


21	from Mecca	Surah Al-Ambiya — "The Prophets" — the Twenty-First Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 112 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 73rd Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


22	from Medina	Surah Al-Hajj — "The Pilgrimage" — the Twenty-Second Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 78 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 103rd Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


23	from Mecca	Surah Al-Mumenoon — "The Believers" — the Twenty-Third Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 118 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 74th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


24	from Medina	Surah — "The Light" — the Twenty-Fourth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 64 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 102nd Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


25	from Mecca	Surah Al-Furqan — "The Criterion" — the Twenty-Fifth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 77 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 42nd Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


26	from Mecca	Surah — "The Poets" — the Twenty-Sixth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 227 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 47th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


27	from Mecca	Surah — "The Ants" — the Twenty-Seventh Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 93 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 48th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


28	from Mecca	Surah Al-Qasas — "The Narrations" — the Twenty-Eighth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 88 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 49th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


29	from Mecca	Surah Al-Ankaboot — "The Spider" — the Twenty-Ninth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 69 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 85th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


30	from Mecca	Surah — "The Romans (Byzantines)" — the Thirtieth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 60 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 84th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


31	from Mecca	Surah Luqman— "Luqman" — the Thirty-First Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 34 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 57th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


32	from Mecca	Surah As-Sajda — "Worship" — the Thirty-Second Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 30 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 75th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


33	from Medina	Surah Al-Ahzab — "The Clans (Combined Forces)" — the Thirty-Third Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 73 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 90th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


34	from Mecca	Surah — "The ---" — the Thirty-Fourth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


35	from Mecca	Surah — "The ---" — the Thirty-Fifth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


36	from Mecca	Surah — "The ---" — the Thirty-Sixth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


37	from Mecca	Surah — "The ---" — the Thirty-Seventh Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


38	from Mecca	Surah — "The ---" — the Thirty-Eighth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


39	from Mecca	Surah — "The ---" — the Thirty-Ninth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


40	from Mecca	Surah — "The ---" — the Fortieth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


41	from Mecca	Surah — "The ---" — the Forty-First Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


42	from Mecca	Surah — "The ---" — the Forty-Second Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


43	from Mecca	Surah — "The ---" — the Forty-Third Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


44	from Mecca	Surah — "The ---" — the Forty-Fourth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


45	from Mecca	Surah — "The ---" — the Forty-Fifth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


46	from Mecca	Surah — "The ---" — the Forty-Sixth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


47	from Medina	Surah Muhammad — "Muhammad" — the Forty-Seventh Chapter of the Qur'an, containing 38 Ayat, that is verses.
	Chronologically, the 95th Sura of the Qur'an.
		The critical Verse 47:4 shows Muhammad's ever vengeful "god" instructing Muslims to cut off the head's of infidels (this means of us Christians) in copious numbers, enslaving the rest, going on to clarify that he, "god," could do it himself, but he wants Muslims to have the practice. At 47:14 those following their own lusts are presented as evil; and at 47:15 images of Paradise and of Hell are presented in the starkest of contrasts. At 47:20 we see that Muhammad's Allah has no tolerance for those who will not fight, violent war being unambiguously meant. Strangely, and very much incongruously with other verses, at Verse 47:24 we find Allah (via Gabriel and Muhammad) saying: "Will they not then meditate on the Koran? Are locks upon their hearts?" Elsewhere it is clear that Muhammad's Allah's creation includes individual men irremediably predestined for paradise or for Hell. At 47:25 to 47:28 no good news for apostates from Muhammad's Islam, that is, submission to Muhammad, what with angels beating them and all. Though the actions of men affect in the most serious way their own fate, Muhammad's Allah stands utterly aloof: "Those who reject Allah, hinder (men) from the Path of Allah, and resist the Messenger, after Guidance has been clearly shown to them, will not injure Allah in the least..." 47:32. Is this the same as Allah instructing us that he loves us men not a wit? At 47:35: "Be not fainthearted then; and invite not the infidels to peace when ye have the upper hand..." Again, and again and again, we see that the victory of Islam, of Muhammad's own teaching, through all methods fair and foul are is the only guage of right and justice. If it advances what Muhammad says, it is good. There it is. At 47:36, Muhammad's Allah will not ask a Muslim for all his possessions; then at 47:38: "Behold, ye are those invited to spend (of your substance) in the Way of Allah ...But any who are niggardly are so at the expense of their own souls."

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)	John Medows Rodwell (R)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.	In the Name of God, the Compassionate, the Merciful

47: 1-3	Those who reject Allah and hinder (men) from the Path of Allah,- their deeds will Allah render astray (from their mark). But those who believe and work deeds of righteousness, and believe in the (Revelation) sent down to Muhammad - for it is the Truth from their Lord,- He will remove from them their ills and improve their condition. This because those who reject Allah follow vanities, while those who believe follow the Truth from their Lord: Thus does Allah set forth for men their lessons by similitudes.	Those who disbelieve and turn (men) from the way of Allah, He rendereth their actions vain. And those who believe and do good works and believe in that which is revealed unto Muhammad - and it is the truth from their Lord - He riddeth them of their ill-deeds and improveth their state. That is because those who disbelieve follow falsehood and because those who believe follow the truth from their Lord. Thus Allah coineth their similitudes for mankind.	(As for) those who disbelieve and turn away from Allah's way, He shall render their works ineffective. And (as for) those who believe and do good, and believe in what has been revealed to Muhammad, and it is the very truth from their Lord, He will remove their evil from them and improve their condition. That is because those who disbelieve follow falsehood, and those who believe follow the truth from their Lord; thus does Allah set forth to men their examples.	Those who disbelieve and bar from God's way, God will send their works astray. But those who believe and do righteous deeds and believe in what is sent down to Muhammad -- and it is the truth from their Lord -- He will acquit them of their evil deeds, and dispose their minds aright. That is because those who disbelieve follow falsehood, and those who believe follow the truth from their Lord. Even so God strikes their similitudes for men.	WHOSO believe not, and prevent others from the way of God - their works will He cause to miscarry; But whoso believe, and do things that are right, and believe in what hath been sent down to MUHAMMAD - for it is the truth from their Lord - their sins will He cancel, and dispose their hearts aright. This - because the infidels followed vanity, while those who believe, followed the truth from their Lord. Thus to men doth God set forth their likenesses.
47:4	Therefore, when ye meet the Unbelievers (in fight), smite at their necks; At length, when ye have thoroughly subdued them, bind a bond firmly (on them): thereafter (is the time for) either generosity or ransom: Until the war lays down its burdens. Thus (are ye commanded): but if it had been Allah's Will, He could certainly have exacted retribution from them (Himself); but (He lets you fight) in order to test you, some with others. But those who are slain in the Way of Allah,- He will never let their deeds be lost.	Now when ye meet in battle those who disbelieve, then it is smiting of the necks until, when ye have routed them, then making fast of bonds; and afterward either grace or ransom till the war lay down its burdens. That (is the ordinance). And if Allah willed He could have punished them (without you) but (thus it is ordained) that He may try some of you by means of others. And those who are slain in the way of Allah, He rendereth not their actions vain.	So when you meet in battle those who disbelieve, then smite the necks until when you have overcome them, then make (them) prisoners, and afterwards either set them free as a favor or let them ransom (themselves) until the war terminates. That (shall be so); and if Allah had pleased He would certainly have exacted what is due from them, but that He may try some of you by means of others; and (as for) those who are slain in the way of Allah, He will by no means allow their deeds to perish.	When you meet the unbelievers, smite their necks, then, when you have made wide slaughter among them, tie fast the bonds; then set them free, either by grace or ransom, till the war lays down its loads. So it shall be; and if God had willed, He would have avenged Himself upon them; but that He may try some of you by means of others. And those who are slain in the way of God, He will not send their works astray.	When ye encounter the infidels, strike off their heads till ye have made a great slaughter among them, and of the rest make fast the fetters. And afterwards let there either be free dismissals or ransomings, till the war hath laid down its burdens. Thus do. Were such the pleasure of God, he could himself take vengeance upon them: but He would rather prove the one of you by the other. And whoso fight for the cause of God, their works he will not suffer to miscarry;
47: 5-11	Soon will He guide them and improve their condition, And admit them to the Garden which He has announced for them. O ye who believe! If ye will aid (the cause of) Allah, He will aid you, and plant your feet firmly. But those who reject (Allah),- for them is destruction, and (Allah) will render their deeds astray (from their mark). That is because they hate the Revelation of Allah; so He has made their deeds fruitless. Do they not travel through the earth, and see what was the End of those before them (who did evil)? Allah brought utter destruction on them, and similar (fates await) those who reject Allah. That is because Allah is the Protector of those who believe, but those who reject Allah have no protector.	He will guide them and improve their state, And bring them in unto the Garden which He hath made known to them. O ye who believe! If ye help Allah, He will help you and will make your foothold firm. And those who disbelieve, perdition is for them, and He will make their actions vain. That is because they are averse to that which Allah hath revealed, therefor maketh He their actions fruitless. Have they not travelled in the land to see the nature of the consequence for those who were before them? Allah wiped them out. And for the disbelievers there will be the like thereof. That is because Allah is patron of those who believe, and because the disbelievers have no patron.	He will guide them and improve their condition. And cause them to enter the garden which He has made known to them. O you who believe! if you help (the cause of) Allah, He will help you and make firm your feet. And (as for) those who disbelieve, for them is destruction and He has made their deeds ineffective. That is because they hated what Allah revealed, so He rendered their deeds null. Have they not then journeyed in the land and seen how was the end of those before them: Allah brought down destruction upon them, and the unbelievers shall have the like of it. That is because Allah is the Protector of those who believe, and because the unbelievers shall have no protector for them.	He will guide them, and dispose their minds aright, and He will admit them to Paradise, that He has made known to them. O believers, if you help God, He will help you, and confirm your feet. But as for the unbelievers, ill chance shall befall them! He will send their works astray. That is because they have been averse to what God has sent down, so He has made their works to fail. What, have they not journeyed in the land and beheld how was the end of those before them? God destroyed them; the unbelievers shall have the likes thereof. That is because God is the Protector of the believers, and that the unbelievers have no protector.	He will vouchsafe them guidance, and dispose their hearts aright; And he will bring them into the Paradise, of which he hath told them. Believers! if ye help God, God will help you, and will set your feet firm: But as for the infidels, let them perish: and their works shall God bring to nought: This - because they were averse from the command which God sent down; Fruitless, therefore, shall their works become! Have they not journeyed through the land, and seen what hath been the end of those who flourished before them? God brought destruction on them: and the like of this doth await the infidels. This - because God is the protector of those who believe, and because the infidels have no protector.
47: 12 - 14	Verily Allah will admit those who believe and do righteous deeds, to Gardens beneath which rivers flow; while those who reject Allah will enjoy (this world) and eat as cattle eat; and the Fire will be their abode. And how many cities, with more power than thy city which has driven thee out, have We destroyed (for their sins)? and there was none to aid them. Is then one who is on a clear (Path) from his Lord, no better than one to whom the evil of his conduct seems pleasing, and such as follow their own lusts?	Lo! Allah will cause those who believe and do good works to enter Gardens underneath which rivers flow; while those who disbelieve take their comfort in this life and eat even as the cattle eat, and the Fire is their habitation. And how many a township stronger than thy township (O Muhammad) which hath cast thee out, have We destroyed, and they had no helper! Is he who relieth on a clear proof from his Lord like those for whom the evil that they do is beautified while they follow their own lusts?	Surely Allah will make those who believe and do good enter gardens beneath which rivers flow; and those who disbelieve enjoy themselves and eat as the beasts eat, and the fire is their abode. And how many a town which was far more powerful than the town of yours which has driven you out: We destroyed them so there was no helper for them. What! is he who has a clear argument from his Lord like him to whom the evil of his work is made fairseeming: and they follow their low desires.	God shall surely admit those who believe and do righteous deeds into gardens underneath which rivers flow. As for the unbelievers, they take their enjoyment and eat as cattle eat; and the Fire shall be their lodging. How many a city that was stronger in might than thy city which has expelled thee have We destroyed! And there was no helper for them. What, is he who is upon a clear sign from his Lord like unto such a one unto whom his evil deeds have been decked out fair, and they have followed their caprices?	Verily God will bring those who believe, and do the things that are right, into the Gardens, beneath whose shades the rivers flow: but they who believe not, take their fill, and eat as the beasts eat! And their dwelling-place the fire! And how many cities were mightier in strength than thy city, which hath thrust thee forth! We destroyed them, and there was none to help them. Shall he who followeth the clear teaching of his Lord be as he, the evil of whose doings hath been made to seem good to him, or like those who follow their own lusts?
47:15	(Here is) a Parable of the Garden which the righteous are promised: in it are rivers of water incorruptible; rivers of milk of which the taste never changes; rivers of wine, a joy to those who drink; and rivers of honey pure and clear. In it there are for them all kinds of fruits; and Grace from their Lord. (Can those in such Bliss) be compared to such as shall dwell for ever in the Fire, and be given, to drink, boiling water, so that it cuts up their bowels (to pieces)?	A similitude of the Garden which those who keep their duty (to Allah) are promised: Therein are rivers of water unpolluted, and rivers of milk whereof the flavour changeth not, and rivers of wine delicious to the drinkers, and rivers of clear-run honey; therein for them is every kind of fruit, with pardon from their Lord. (Are those who enjoy all this) like those who are immortal in the Fire and are given boiling water to drink so that it teareth their bowels?	A parable of the garden which those guarding (against evil) are promised: Therein are rivers of water that does not alter, and rivers of milk the taste whereof does not change, and rivers of drink delicious to those who drink, and rivers of honey clarified and for them therein are all fruits and protection from their Lord. (Are these) like those who abide in the fire and who are made to drink boiling water so it rends their bowels asunder.	This is the similitude of Paradise which the godfearing have been promised: therein are rivers of water unstaling, rivers of milk unchanging in flavour, and rivers of wine -- a delight to the drinkers, rivers, too, of honey purified; and therein for them is every fruit, and forgiveness from their Lord -- Are they as he who dwells forever in the Fire, such as are given to drink boiling water, that tears their bowels asunder?	A picture of the Paradise which is promised to the God-fearing! Therein are rivers of water, which corrupt not: rivers of milk, whose taste changeth not: and rivers of wine, delicious to those who quaff it; And rivers of honey clarified: and therein are all kinds of fruit for them from their Lord! Is this like the lot of those who must dwell for ever in the fire? and shall have draughts of boiling water forced on them which will rend their bowels asunder?
47: 16 - 19	And among them are men who listen to thee, but in the end, when they go out from thee, they say to those who have received Knowledge, "What is it he said just then?" Such are men whose hearts Allah has sealed, and who follow their own lusts. But to those who receive Guidance, He increases the (light of) Guidance, and bestows on them their Piety and Restraint (from evil). Do they then only wait for the Hour,- that it should come on them of a sudden? But already have come some tokens thereof, and when it (actually) is on them, how can they benefit then by their admonition? Know, therefore, that there is no god but Allah, and ask forgiveness for thy fault, and for the men and women who believe: for Allah knows how ye move about and how ye dwell in your homes.	Among them are some who give ear unto thee (Muhammad) till, when they go forth from thy presence they say unto those who have been given knowledge: What was that he said just now? Those are they whose hearts Allah hath sealed, and they follow their own lusts. While as for those who walk aright, He addeth to their guidance, and giveth them their protection (against evil). Await they aught save the Hour, that it should come upon them unawares? And the beginnings thereof have already come. But how, when it hath come upon them, can they take their warning? So know (O Muhammad) that there is no God save Allah, and ask forgiveness for thy sin and for believing men and believing women. Allah knoweth (both) your place of turmoil and your place of rest.	And there are those of them who seek to listen to you, until when they go forth from you, they say to those who have been given the knowledge: What was it that he said just now? These are they upon whose hearts Allah has set a seal and they follow their low desires. And (as for) those who follow the right direction, He increases them in guidance and gives them their guarding (against evil). Do they then wait for aught but the hour that it should come to them all of a sudden? Now indeed the tokens of it have (already) come, but how shall they have their reminder when it comes on them? So know that there is no god but Allah, and, ask protection for your fault and for the believing men and the believing women; and Allah knows the place of your returning and the place of your abiding.	And some of them there are give ear to thee, till, when they go forth from thee, they say to those who have been given knowledge, 'What said he just now?' Those are they upon whose hearts God has set a seal, and they have followed their caprices. But those who are guided aright, them He increases in guidance, and gives them their godfearing. Are they looking for aught but the Hour, that it shall come upon them suddenly? Already its tokens have come; so, when it has come to them, how shall they have their Reminder? Know thou therefore that there is no god but God, and ask forgiveness for thy sin, and for the believers, men and women. God knows your going to and fro, and your lodging.	Some of them indeed hearken to thee, until when they go out from thee, they say with sneers to those to whom "the knowledge" hath been given, "What is this he said?" These are they whose hearts God hath sealed up, and who follow their own lusts. But as to those who have the guidance, He will increase their guidance, and He will teach them what to fear. For what do the infidels wait, but that the Hour come suddenly on them? Already are its signs come, and when it hath come on them indeed, how can they be warned then? Know, then, that there is no god but God: and ask pardon for thy sin, and for believers, both men and women. God knoweth your busy movements, and your final resting-places.
47: 20 - 24	Those who believe say, "Why is not a sura sent down (for us)?" But when a sura of basic or categorical meaning is revealed, and fighting is mentioned therein, thou wilt see those in whose hearts is a disease looking at thee with a look of one in swoon at the approach of death. But more fitting for them- Were it to obey and say what is just, and when a matter is resolved on, it were best for them if they were true to Allah. Then, is it to be expected of you, if ye were put in authority, that ye will do mischief in the land, and break your ties of kith and kin? Such are the men whom Allah has cursed for He has made them deaf and blinded their sight. Do they not then earnestly seek to understand the Qur'an, or are their hearts locked up by them?	And those who believe say: If only a surah were revealed! But when a decisive surah is revealed and war is mentioned therein, thou seest those in whose hearts is a disease looking at thee with the look of men fainting unto death. Therefor woe unto them! Obedience and a civil word. Then, when the matter is determined, if they are loyal to Allah it will be well for them. Would ye then, if ye were given the command, work corruption in the land and sever your ties of kinship? Such are they whom Allah curseth so that He deafeneth them and maketh blind their eyes. Will they then not meditate on the Qur'an, or are there locks on the hearts?	And those who believe say: Why has not a chapter been revealed? But when a decisive chapter is revealed, and fighting is mentioned therein you see those in whose hearts is a disease look to you with the look of one fainting because of death. Woe to them then! Obedience and a gentle word (was proper); but when the affair becomes settled, then if they remain true to Allah it would certainly be better for them. But if you held command, you were sure to make mischief in the land and cut off the ties of kinship! Those it is whom Allah has cursed so He has made them deaf and blinded their eyes. Do they not then reflect on the Quran? Nay, on the hearts there are locks.	Those who believe say, 'Why has a sura not been sent down?' Then, when a clear sura is sent down, and therein fighting is mentioned, thou seest those in whose hearts is sickness looking at thee as one who swoons of death; but better for them would be obedience, and words honourable. Then, when the matter is resolved, if they were true to God, it would be better for them. If you turned away, would you then haply work corruption in the land, and break your bonds of kin? Those are they whom God has cursed, and so made them deaf, and blinded their eyes. What, do they not ponder the Koran? Or is it that there are locks upon their hearts?	The believers say, "Oh, would that a Sura were sent down!" but when a peremptory Sura is revealed, whose burden is war, thou mayest see the diseased of heart look toward thee, with a look of one on whom the shadows of death have fallen! But better in them would be obedience and becoming language. And if, when the command for war is issued, they are true to God, it will be assuredly best for them. Were ye not ready, if ye had turned back from Him, to spread disorder in the land, and violate the ties of blood? Were ye not ready, if ye had turned back from Him, to spread disorder in the land, and violate the ties of blood? Will they not then meditate on the Koran? Are locks upon their hearts?
47: 25 - 28	Those who turn back as apostates after Guidance was clearly shown to them,- the Evil One has instigated them and busied them up with false hopes. This, because they said to those who hate what Allah has revealed, "We will obey you in part of (this) matter"; but Allah knows their (inner) secrets. But how (will it be) when the angels take their souls at death, and smite their faces and their backs? This because they followed that which called forth the Wrath of Allah, and they hated Allah's good pleasure; so He made their deeds of no effect.	Lo! those who turn back after the guidance hath been manifested unto them, Satan hath seduced them, and He giveth them the rein. That is because they say unto those who hate what Allah hath revealed: We will obey you in some matters; and Allah knoweth their secret talk. Then how (will it be with them) when the angels gather them, smiting their faces and their backs! That will be because they followed that which angereth Allah, and hated that which pleaseth Him. Therefor He hath made their actions vain.	Surely (as for) those who return on their backs after that guidance has become manifest to them, the Shaitan has made it a light matter to them; and He gives them respite. That is because they say to those who hate what Allah has revealed:We will obey you in some of the affairs; and Allah knows their secrets. But how will it be when the angels cause them to die smiting their backs. That is because they follow what is displeasing to Allah and are averse to His pleasure, therefore He has made null their deeds.	Those who have turned back in their traces after the guidance has become clear to them, Satan it was that tempted them, and God respited them. That is because they said to those who were averse to what God sent down, 'We will obey you in some of the affair'; and God knows their secrets. How shall it be, when the angels take them, beating their faces and their backs? That is because they have followed what angers God, and have been averse to His good pleasure, so He has made their works to fail.	But as to those who return to their errors after "the guidance" hath been made plain to them, Satan shall beguile them, and fill them with his suggestions. This - because they say to those who abhor what God hath sent down, "We will comply with you in part of what ye enjoin." But God knoweth their secret reservations. But how? When the angels, in causing them to die, shall smite them on the face and back! This - because they follow that which angereth God, and abhor what pleaseth Him: therefore will He make their works fruitless.
47: 29 - 31	Or do those in whose hearts is a disease, think that Allah will not bring to light all their rancour? Had We so wiled, We could have shown them up to thee, and thou shouldst have known them by their marks: but surely thou wilt know them by the tone of their speech! And Allah knows all that ye do. And We shall try you until We test those among you who strive their utmost and persevere in patience; and We shall try your reported (mettle).	Or do those in whose hearts is a disease deem that Allah will not bring to light their (secret) hates? And if We would, We could show them unto thee (Muhammad) so that thou shouldst know them surely by their marks. And thou shalt know them by the burden of their talk. And Allah knoweth your deeds. And verily We shall try you till We know those of you who strive hard (for the cause of Allah) and the steadfast, and till We test your record.	Or do those in whose hearts is a disease think that Allah will not bring forth their spite? And if We please We would have made you know them so that you would certainly have recognized them by their marks and most certainly you can recognize them by the intent of (their) speech; and Allah knows your deeds. And most certainly We will try you until We have known those among you who exert themselves hard, and the patient, and made your case manifest.	Or did those in whose hearts is sickness think that God would not bring to light their rancour? Did We will, We would show them to thee, then thou wouldst know them by their mark; and thou shalt certainly know them in the twisting of their speech; and God knows your deeds. And We shall assuredly try you until We know those of you who struggle and are steadfast, and try your tidings.	Think these men of diseased hearts, that God will not bring out their malice to light? If such were our pleasure, we could point them out to thee, and thou surely know them by their tokens: and know them thou shalt, by the strangeness of their words. God knoweth your doings. And we will surely test you, until we know the valiant and the steadfast among you: and we will test the reports of your conduct.
47:32	Those who reject Allah, hinder (men) from the Path of Allah, and resist the Messenger, after Guidance has been clearly shown to them, will not injure Allah in the least, but He will make their deeds of no effect.	Lo! those who disbelieve and turn from the way of Allah and oppose the messenger after the guidance hath been manifested unto them, they hurt Allah not a jot, and He will make their actions fruitless.	Surely those who disbelieve and turn away from Allah's way and oppose the Messenger after that guidance has become clear to them cannot harm Allah in any way, and He will make null their deeds.	Those who disbelieve and bar from God's way and make a breach with the Messenger after the guidance has become clear to them, they will nothing hurt God, and He will make their works to fail.	Verily they who believe not, and turn others from the way of God, and separate from the Apostle after that "the guidance" hath been clearly shewn them, shall in no way injure God: but their works shall he bring to nought.
47: 33 - 34	O ye who believe! Obey Allah, and obey the messenger, and make not vain your deeds! Those who reject Allah, and hinder (men) from the Path of Allah, then die rejecting Allah,- Allah will not forgive them.	O ye who believe! Obey Allah and obey the messenger, and render not your actions vain. Lo! those who disbelieve and turn from the way of Allah and then die disbelievers, Allah surely will not pardon them.	O you who believe! obey Allah and obey the Messenger, and do not make your deeds of no effect. Surely those who disbelieve and turn away from Allah's way, then they die while they are unbelievers, Allah will by no means forgive them.	O believers, obey God, and obey the Messenger, and do not make your own works vain. Those who disbelieve and bar from God's way and then die disbelieving, them God will not forgive.	Believers! obey God and the Apostle: and render not your works vain. Verily those who believe not, and who pervert others from the way of God, and then die in unbelief, God will not forgive.
47:35	Be not weary and faint-hearted, crying for peace, when ye should be uppermost: for Allah is with you, and will never put you in loss for your (good) deeds.	So do not falter and cry out for peace when ye (will be) the uppermost, and Allah is with you, and He will not grudge (the reward of) your actions.	And be not slack so as to cry for peace and you have the upper hand, and Allah is with you, and He will not bring your deeds to naught.	So do not faint and call for peace; you shall be the upper ones, and God is with you, and will not deprive you of your works.	Be not fainthearted then; and invite not the infidels to peace when ye have the upper hand: for God is with you, and will not defraud you of the recompense of your works.
47: 36 - 38	The life of this world is but play and amusement: and if ye believe and guard against Evil, He will grant you your recompense, and will not ask you (to give up) your possessions. If He were to ask you for all of them, and press you, ye would covetously withhold, and He would bring out all your ill-feeling. Behold, ye are those invited to spend (of your substance) in the Way of Allah: But among you are some that are niggardly. But any who are niggardly are so at the expense of their own souls. But Allah is free of all wants, and it is ye that are needy. If ye turn back (from the Path), He will substitute in your stead another people; then they would not be like you!	The life of the world is but a sport and a pastime. And if ye believe and ward off (evil). He will give you your wages, and will not ask of you your wordly wealth. If He should ask it of you and importune you, ye would hoard it, and He would bring to light your (secret) hates. Lo! ye are those who are called to spend in the way of Allah, yet among you there are some who hoard. And as for him who hoardeth, he hoardeth only from his soul. And Allah is the Rich, and ye are the poor. And if ye turn away He will exchange you for some other folk, and they will not be the likes of you.	The life of this world is only idle sport and play, and if you believe and guard (against evil) He will give you your rewards, and will not ask of you your possessions. If He should ask you for it and urge you, you will be niggardly, and He will bring forth your malice. Behold! you are those who are called upon to spend in Allah's way, but among you are those who are niggardly, and whoever is niggardly is niggardly against his own soul; and Allah is Self-sufficient and you have need (of Him), and if you turn back He will bring in your place another people, then they will not be like you.	The present life is naught but a sport and a diversion; and if you believe and are godfearing, He will give you your wages, and will not ask of you your goods. If He asks you for them, and presses you, you are niggardly, and He brings to light your rancour. Ha, there you are; you are called upon to expend in God's way, and some of you are niggardly. Whoso is niggardly is niggardly only to his own soul. God is the All-sufficient; you are the needy ones. If you turn away, He will substitute another people instead of you, then they will not be your likes.	Surely this present life is only a play, and pastime! but if ye believe, fear God; He will give you your rewards: but He will not ask all your riches of you. Should He ask them of you, and urge you, ye would shew yourself niggards: and He would bring your grudges to light. Lo! ye are they, who are called to expend for the cause of God: and some of you are niggards: but whoso is niggardly shall be niggard only to his own loss; for God is the Rich, and ye are the poor: and if ye turn back, He will change you for another people, and they shall not be your like!


48	from Medina	Surah Al-Fath — "Conquest" — the Forty-Eighth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 29 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 111th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.








48:29	Muhammad is the messenger of Allah; and those who are with him are strong against Unbelievers, (but) compassionate amongst each other. Thou wilt see them bow and prostrate themselves (in prayer), seeking Grace from Allah and (His) Good Pleasure. On their faces are their marks, (being) the traces of their prostration. This is their similitude in the Taurat; and their similitude in the Gospel is: like a seed which sends forth its blade, then makes it strong; it then becomes thick, and it stands on its own stem, (filling) the sowers with wonder and delight. As a result, it fills the Unbelievers with rage at them. Allah has promised those among them who believe and do righteous deeds forgiveness, and a great Reward.	Muhammad is the messenger of Allah. And those with him are hard against the disbelievers and merciful among themselves. Thou (O Muhammad) seest them bowing and falling prostrate (in worship), seeking bounty from Allah and (His) acceptance. The mark of them is on their foreheads from the traces of prostration. Such is their likeness in the Torah and their likeness in the Gospel - like as sown corn that sendeth forth its shoot and strengtheneth it and riseth firm upon its stalk, delighting the sowers - that He may enrage the disbelievers with (the sight of) them. Allah hath promised, unto such of them as believe and do good works, forgiveness and immense reward.	Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, and those with him are firm of heart against the unbelievers, compassionate among themselves; you will see them bowing down, prostrating themselves, seeking grace from Allah and pleasure; their marks are in their faces because of the effect of prostration; that is their description in the Taurat and their description in the Injeel; like as seed-produce that puts forth its sprout, then strengthens it, so it becomes stout and stands firmly on its stem, delighting the sowers that He may enrage the unbelievers on account of them; Allah has promised those among them who believe and do good, forgiveness and a great reward.	Muhammad is the Messenger of God, and those who are with him are hard against the unbelievers, merciful one to another. Thou seest them bowing, prostrating, seeking bounty from God and good pleasure. Their mark is on their faces, the trace of prostration. That is their likeness in the Torah, and their likeness in the Gospel: as a seed that puts forth its shoot, and strengthens it, and it grows stout and rises straight upon its stalk, pleasing the sowers, that through them He may enrage the unbelievers. God has promised those of them who believe and do deeds of righteousness forgiveness and a mighty wage.


49	from Medina	Surah Al-Hujraat — "The Inner Apartments" — the Forty-Ninth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 18 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 106th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


50	from Mecca	Surah Qaf — "Qaf" — the Fiftieth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 45 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 34th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


51	from Mecca	Surah Adh-Dhariyat — "The Wind that Scatter" — the Fifty-First Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 60 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 67th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


52	from Mecca	Surah At-Tur — "Mount Sinai" — the Fifty-Second Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 49 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 76th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


53	from Mecca	Surah An-Najm — "The Star" — the Fifty-Third Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 62 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 23rd Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


54	from Mecca	Surah Al-Qamar — "The Moon" — the Fifty-Fourth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 55 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 37th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


55	from Medina (disputed)	Surah Al-Rahman — "The Most Merciful" — the Fifty-Fifth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 78 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 97th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


56	from Mecca	Surah Al-Waqia — "The Inevitable" — the Fifty-Sixth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 96 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 46th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


57	from Medina	Surah — "The ---" — the Fifty-Seventh Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


58	from Medina	Surah — "The ---" — the Fifty-Eighth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


59	from Medina	Surah — "The ---" — the Fifty-Ninth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


60	from Medina	Surah — "The ---" — the Sixtieth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


61	from Medina	Surah — "The ---" — the Sixty-First Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


62	from Medina	Surah — "The ---" — the Sixty-Second Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


63	from Medina	Surah — "The ---" — the Sixty-Third Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


64	from Medina	Surah — "The ---" — the Sixty-Fourth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


65	from Medina	Surah — "The ---" — the Sixty-Fifth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


66	from Medina	Surah — "The ---" — the Sixty-Sixth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


67	from Mecca	Surah — "The ---" — the Sixty-Seventh Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


68	from Mecca	Surah — "The ---" — the Sixty-Eighth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


69	from Mecca	Surah — "The ---" — the Sixty-Ninth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


70	from Mecca	Surah — "The ---" — the Seventieth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


71	from Mecca	Surah — "The ---" — the Seventy-First Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


72	from Mecca	Surah — "The ---" — the Seventy-Second Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


73	from Mecca	Surah — "The ---" — the Seventy-Third Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


74	from Mecca	Surah — "The ---" — the Seventy-Fourth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


75	from Mecca	Surah — "The ---" — the Seventy-Fifth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing xx Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the Xth Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


76	from Medina (disputed)	Surah Al-Insan — "Man" — the Seventy-Sixth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 31 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 98th Surah of the Qur'an.
		At 76:3 the Ali translation seems to suggest free will, but see the end of this Surah-Chapter, at Ayat-Verses 76:27-31 for another reminder that no, Muslim "theology" has at its core the utter predestination of men. At 76:8-9 one sees clearly that Muhammad was capable of copying principles from the Old and New Testaments which he had heard, in this case the injunction toward alms giving with no expectation of return from the recipient, albeit with every hope of reward from Allah. Yet it is not being with God – the goal of the Christian – that it seems the followers of Muhammad yearned for. No, they want garments of silk (76:12); thrones and climate control (76:13); fruit within reach (76:14); dishes of silver and goblets of crystal (76:15-16); and at 76:17 one even sees the appearance of wine in Muhammad's heaven! And yet the climax of Surah Seventy-Six perhaps comes at Verses 76:19-22: No mere servant boys – normal men would not need or want pretty-boys, in green silk and bejeweled, and plied with wine in constant attendance, for ever – Verses 76:19-22 contain one of the Qur'anic installments of Muhammad's bizarre bow to pederasty. And this is after all consistent at one level with his entire conception of a bordello heaven: that forbidden, or just not available, on Earth is indulged in with complete abandone within Muhammad's transmogrified paradise. But lest the Homomafia and assorted "gay-marriage" enthusiasts within European Christendom and within the priestly and episcopal ranks of the Church start imagining that they have potential allies within Dar-al-Islam, forget it. "Love" or "gay marriage" or open homosexuality between or among adult men is celebrated by Muslims of all stripes by promplty stoning to death all involved. Again at 76:27-31, the complete predestination of man.

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.
76: 1-2	Has there not been over Man a long period of Time, when he was nothing - (not even) mentioned? Verily We created Man from a drop of mingled sperm, in order to try him: So We gave him (the gifts), of Hearing and Sight.	Hath there come upon man (ever) any period of time in which he was a thing unremembered? Lo! We create man from a drop of thickened fluid to test him; so We make him hearing, knowing.	There surely came over man a period of time when he was a thing not worth mentioning. Surely We have created man from a small life-germ uniting (itself): We mean to try him, so We have made him hearing, seeing.	Has there come on man a while of time when he was a thing unremembered? We created man of a sperm-drop, a mingling, and We made him hearing, seeing.
76: 3-4	We showed him the Way: whether he be grateful or ungrateful (rests on his will). For the Rejecters we have prepared chains, yokes, and a blazing Fire.	Lo! We have shown him the way, whether he be grateful or disbelieving. Lo! We have prepared for disbelievers manacles and carcans and a raging fire.	Surely We have shown him the way: he may be thankful or unthankful. Surely We have prepared for the unbelievers chains and shackles and a burning fire.	Surely We guided him upon the way whether he be thankful or unthankful. Surely We have prepared for the unbelievers chains, fetters, and a Blaze.
76: 5-7	As to the Righteous, they shall drink of a Cup (of Wine) mixed with Kafur,- A Fountain where the Devotees of Allah do drink, making it flow in unstinted abundance. They perform (their) vows, and they fear a Day whose evil flies far and wide.	Lo! the righteous shall drink of a cup whereof the mixture is of Kafur, A spring wherefrom the slaves of Allah drink, making it gush forth abundantly, (Because) they perform the vow and fear a day whereof the evil is wide-spreading,	Surely the righteous shall drink of a cup the admixture of which is camphor, A fountain from which the servants of Allah shall drink; they make it to flow a (goodly) flowing forth. They fulfill vows and fear a day the evil of which shall be spreading far and wide.	Surely the pious shall drink of a cup whose mixture is camphor, a fountain whereat drink the servants of God, making it to gush forth plenteously. They fulfil their vows, and fear a day whose evil is upon the wing;
76: 8-9	And they feed, for the love of Allah, the indigent, the orphan, and the captive,- (Saying), "We feed you for the sake of Allah alone: no reward do we desire from you, nor thanks."	And feed with food the needy wretch, the orphan and the prisoner, for love of Him, (Saying): We feed you, for the sake of Allah only. We wish for no reward nor thanks from you;	And they give food out of love for Him to the poor and the orphan and the captive: We only feed you for Allah's sake; we desire from you neither reward nor thanks:	they give food, for the love of Him, to the needy, the orphan, the captive: 'We feed you only for the Face of God; we desire no recompense from you, no thankfulness;
76: 10 - 16	"We only fear a Day of distressful Wrath from the side of our Lord." But Allah will deliver them from the evil of that Day, and will shed over them a Light of Beauty and (blissful) Joy. And because they were patient and constant, He will reward them with a Garden and (garments of) silk. Reclining in the (Garden) on raised thrones, they will see there neither the sun's (excessive heat) nor (the moon's) excessive cold. And the shades of the (Garden) will come low over them, and the bunches (of fruit), there, will hang low in humility. And amongst them will be passed round vessels of silver and goblets of crystal,- Crystal-clear, made of silver: they will determine the measure thereof (according to their wishes).	Lo! we fear from our Lord a day of frowning and of fate. Therefor Allah hath warded off from them the evil of that day, and hath made them find brightness and joy; And hath awarded them for all that they endured, a Garden and silk attire; Reclining therein upon couches, they will find there neither (heat of) a sun nor bitter cold. The shade thereof is close upon them and the clustered fruits thereof bow down. Goblets of silver are brought round for them, and beakers (as) of glass (Bright as) glass but (made) of silver, which they (themselves) have measured to the measure (of their deeds).	Surely we fear from our Lord a stern, distressful day. Therefore Allah win guard them from the evil of that day and cause them to meet with ease and happiness; And reward them, because they were patient, with garden and silk, Reclining therein on raised couches, they shall find therein neither (the severe heat of) the sun nor intense cold. And close down upon them (shall be) its shadows, and its fruits shall be made near (to them), being easy to reach. And there shall be made to go round about them vessels of silver and goblets which are of glass, (Transparent as) glass, made of silver; they have measured them according to a measure.	for we fear from our Lord a frowning day, inauspicious. So God has guarded them from the evil of that day, and has procured them radiancy and gladness, and recompensed them for their patience with a Garden, and silk; therein they shall recline upon couches, therein they shall see neither sun nor bitter cold; near them shall be its shades, and its clusters hung meekly down, and there shall be passed around them vessels of silver, and goblets of crystal, crystal of silver that they have measured -- very exactly.
76: 17 - 18	And they will be given to drink there of a Cup (of Wine) mixed with Zanjabil,- A fountain there, called Salsabil.	There are they watered with a cup whereof the mixture is of Zanjabil, (The water of) a spring therein, named Salsabil.	And they shall be made to drink therein a cup the admixture of which shall be ginger, (Of) a fountain therein which is named Salsabil.	And therein they shall be given to drink a cup whose mixture is ginger, therein a fountain whose name is called Salsabil.

76: 19 - 22	And round about them will (serve) youths of perpetual (freshness): If thou seest them, thou wouldst think them scattered Pearls. And when thou lookest, it is there thou wilt see a Bliss and a Realm Magnificent. Upon them will be green Garments of fine silk and heavy brocade, and they will be adorned with Bracelets of silver; and their Lord will give to them to drink of a Wine Pure and Holy. "Verily this is a Reward for you, and your Endeavour is accepted and recognised."	There wait on them immortal youths, whom, when thou seest, thou wouldst take for scattered pearls. When thou seest, thou wilt see there bliss and high estate. Their raiment will be fine green silk and gold embroidery. Bracelets of silver will they wear. Their Lord will slake their thirst with a pure drink. (And it will be said unto them): Lo! this is a reward for you. Your endeavour (upon earth) hath found acceptance.	And round about them shall go youths never altering in age; when you see them you will think them to be scattered pearls. And when you see there, you shall see blessings and a great kingdom. Upon them shall be garments of fine green silk and thick silk interwoven with gold, and they shall be adorned with bracelets of silver, and their Lord shall make them drink a pure drink. Surely this is a reward for you, and your striving shall be recompensed.	Immortal youths shall go about them; when thou seest them, thou supposest them scattered pearls, when thou seest them then thou seest bliss and a great kingdom. Upon them shall be green garments of silk and brocade; they are adorned with bracelets of silver, and their Lord shall give them to drink a pure draught. Behold, this is a recompense for you, and your striving is thanked.'

76:23	It is We Who have sent down the Qur'an to thee by stages.	Lo! We, even We, have revealed unto thee the Qur'an, a revelation;	Surely We Ourselves have revealed the Quran to you revealing (it) in portions.	Surely We have sent down the Koran on thee, a sending down;
76: 24 - 26	Therefore be patient with constancy to the Command of thy Lord, and hearken not to the sinner or the ingrate among them. And celebrate the name or thy Lord morning and evening, And part of the night, prostrate thyself to Him; and glorify Him a long night through.	So submit patiently to thy Lord's command, and obey not of them any guilty one or disbeliever. Remember the name of thy Lord at morn and evening. And worship Him (a portion) of the night. And glorify Him through the livelong night.	Therefore wait patiently for the command of your Lord, and obey not from among them a sinner or an ungrateful one. And glorify the name of your Lord morning and evening. And during part of the night adore Him, and give glory to Him (a) long (part of the) night.	so be thou patient under the judgment of thy Lord, and obey not one of them, sinner or unbeliever. And remember the Name of thy Lord at dawn and in the evening and part of the night; bow down before Him and magnify Him through the long night.
76: 27 - 31	As to these, they love the fleeting life, and put away behind them a Day (that will be) hard. It is We Who created them, and We have made their joints strong; but, when We will, We can substitute the like of them by a complete change. This is an admonition: Whosoever will, let him take a (straight) Path to his Lord. But ye will not, except as Allah wills; for Allah is full of Knowledge and Wisdom. He will admit to His Mercy whom He will; But the wrong-doers,- for them has He prepared a grievous Penalty.	Lo! these love fleeting life, and put behind them (the remembrance of) a grievous day. We, even We, created them, and strengthened their frame. And when We will, We can replace them, bringing others like them in their stead. Lo! this is an Admonishment, that whosoever will may choose a way unto his Lord. Yet ye will not, unless Allah willeth. Lo! Allah is Knower, Wise. He maketh whom He will to enter His mercy, and for evil-doers hath prepared a painful doom.	Surely these love the transitory and neglect a grievous day before them. We created them and made firm their make, and when We please We will bring in their place the likes of them by a change. Surely this is a reminder, so whoever pleases takes to his Lord a way. And you do not please except that Allah please, surely Allah is Knowing, Wise; He makes whom He pleases to enter into His mercy; and (as for) the unjust, He has prepared for them a painful chastisement.	Surely these men love the hasty world, and leave be behind them a heavy day. We created them, and We strengthened their joints; and, when We will, We shall exchange their likes. Surely this is a Reminder; so he who will, takes unto his Lord a way. But you will not unless God wills; surely God is ever All-knowing, All-wise. For He admits into His mercy whomsoever He will; as for the evildoers, He has prepared for them a painful chastisement.


77	from Mecca	Surah Al-Mursalat — "The Emissaries" — the Seventy-Seventh Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 50 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 33rd Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


78	from Mecca	Surah An-Naba — "The Announcement" — the Seventy-Eighth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 40 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 80th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


79	from Mecca	Surah An-Naziat — "Soul-Snatchers" — the Seventy-Ninth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 46 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 81st Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


80	from Mecca	Surah Abasa — "He Frowned" — the Eightieth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 42 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 24th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


81	from Mecca	Surah At-Takwir — "The Overthrowing" — the Eighty-First Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 29 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 7th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


82	from Mecca	Surah Al-Infitar — "Bursting Apart" — the Eighty-Second Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 19 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 82nd Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


83	from Mecca	Surah Al-Mutaffifin — "The Defrauders" — the Eighty-Third Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 36 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 86th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


84	from Mecca	Surah Al-Inshiqaq — "The Splitting Asunder" — the Eighty-Fourth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 25 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 83rd Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


85	from Mecca	Surah Al-Burooj — "Constellations" — the Eighty-Fifth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 22 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 27th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


86	from Mecca	Surah At-Tariq — "The Night-Visitant" — the Eighty-Sixth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 17 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 36th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


87	from Mecca	Surah Al-Ala — "The Most High" — the Eighty-Seventh Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 19 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 8th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


88	from Mecca	Surah Al-Ghashiya — "The Overshadowing Event" — the Eighty-Eighth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 26 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 68th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


89	from Mecca	Surah Al-Fajr — "The Daybreak" — the Eighty-Ninth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 30 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 10th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.


90	from Mecca	Surah Al-Balad — "The City" — the Ninetieth (Surah) Chapter of the Qur'an, containing 20 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 35th Surah of the Qur'an.
		Not that men have fallen away from God because of their own choices to sin, their own choice to separate themselves from God, but Muhammad's god has "created man to be in distress." Then this sura says some nice things about freeing slaves; feeding orphans (but with the bizarre qualification that such orphans be of near kin to the giver); helping poor adult men (without the near kinship qualification). Reflected here, as in many other Suwar, is Muhammad's superficial acquaintance with Christian principles of alms giving. Yet as this Sura-Chapter ends, and again as with many other Suwar, one is left with the unmistakable impression that Muhammad includes such fragmented references to righteousness only to camouflage his true purpose and obsession: the universal recognition of his own "prophetship," in the absence of such acceptance, such belief, the person is consigned to hellfire. Muhammad scarcely misses an opportunity to add this.

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

90: 1-20	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. I do call to witness this City;- And thou art a freeman of this City;- And (the mystic ties of) parent and child;- Verily We have created man into toil and struggle. Thinketh he, that none hath power over him? He may say (boastfully); Wealth have I squandered in abundance! Thinketh he that none beholdeth him? Have We not made for him a pair of eyes?- And a tongue, and a pair of lips?- And shown him the two highways? But he hath made no haste on the path that is steep. And what will explain to thee the path that is steep?- (It is:) freeing the bondman; Or the giving of food in a day of privation To the orphan with claims of relationship, Or to the indigent (down) in the dust. Then will he be of those who believe, and enjoin patience, (constancy, and self-restraint), and enjoin deeds of kindness and compassion. Such are the Companions of the Right Hand. But those who reject Our Signs, they are the (unhappy) Companions of the Left Hand. On them will be Fire vaulted over (all round).	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Nay, I swear by this city - And thou art an indweller of this city - And the begetter and that which he begat, We verily have created man in an atmosphere: Thinketh he that none hath power over him? And he saith: I have destroyed vast wealth: Thinketh he that none beholdeth him? Did We not assign unto him two eyes And a tongue and two lips, And guide him to the parting of the mountain ways? But he hath not attempted the Ascent - Ah, what will convey unto thee what the Ascent is! - (It is) to free a slave, And to feed in the day of hunger. An orphan near of kin, Or some poor wretch in misery, And to be of those who believe and exhort one another to perseverance and exhort one another to pity. Their place will be on the right hand. But those who disbelieve Our revelations, their place will be on the left hand. Fire will be an awning over them.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Nay! I swear by this city. And you shall be made free from obligation in this city— And the begetter and whom he begot. Certainly We have created man to be in distress. Does he think that no one has power over him? He shall say: I have wasted much wealth. Does he think that no one sees him? Have We not given him two eyes, And a tongue and two lips, And pointed out to him the two conspicuous ways? But he would not attempt the uphill road, And what will make you comprehend what the uphill road is? (It is) the setting free of a slave, Or the giving of food in a day of hunger To an orphan, having relationship, Or to the poor man lying in the dust. Then he is of those who believe and charge one another to show patience, and charge one another to show compassion. These are the people of the right hand. And (as for) those who disbelieve in our communications, they are the people of the left hand. On them is fire closed over.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. No! I swear by this land, and thou art a lodger in this land; by the begetter, and that he begot, indeed, We created man in trouble. What, does he think none has power over him, saying, 'I have consumed wealth abundant'? What, does he think none has seen him? Have We not appointed to him two eyes, and a tongue, and two lips, and guided him on the two highways? Yet he has not assaulted the steep; and what shall teach thee what is the steep? The freeing of a slave, or giving food upon a day of hunger to an orphan near of kin or a needy man in misery; then that he become of those who believe and counsel each other to be steadfast, and counsel each other to be merciful. Those are the Companions of the Right Hand. And those who disbelieve in Our signs, they are the Companions of the Left Hand; over them is a Fire covered down.


91	from Mecca	Surah Ash-Shams — "The Sun" — the Ninety-First Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 15 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 26th Surah of the Qur'an.
		Another utterly self-referential "revelation" of "heaven" which Muhammad "recites" to the world, well at least to those few around him in Mecca who would stop to listen, requiring of one and all that they accept him, Muhammad, a created person, as the lone bearer of all pure divine truth.

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

91: 1-15	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. By the Sun and his (glorious) splendour; By the Moon as she follows him; By the Day as it shows up (the Sun's) glory; By the Night as it conceals it; By the Firmament and its (wonderful) structure; By the Earth and its (wide) expanse: By the Soul, and the proportion and order given to it; And its enlightenment as to its wrong and its right;- Truly he succeeds that purifies it, And he fails that corrupts it! The Thamud (people) rejected (their prophet) through their inordinate wrong-doing, Behold, the most wicked man among them was deputed (for impiety). But the Messenger of Allah said to them: "It is a She-camel of Allah! And (bar her not from) having her drink!" Then they rejected him (as a false prophet), and they hamstrung her. So their Lord, on account of their crime, obliterated their traces and made them equal (in destruction, high and low)! And for Him is no fear of its consequences.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. By the sun and his brightness, And the moon when she followeth him, And the day when it revealeth him, And the night when it enshroudeth him, And the heaven and Him Who built it, And the earth and Him Who spread it, And a soul and Him Who perfected it And inspired it (with conscience of) what is wrong for it and (what is) right for it. He is indeed successful who causeth it to grow, And he is indeed a failure who stunteth it. (The tribe of) Thamud denied (the truth) in their rebellious pride, When the basest of them broke forth And the messenger of Allah said: It is the she-camel of Allah, so let her drink! But they denied him, and they hamstrung her, so Allah doomed them for their sin and razed (their dwellings). He dreadeth not the sequel (of events).	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. I swear by the sun and its brilliance, And the moon when it follows the sun, And the day when it shows it, And the night when it draws a veil over it, And the heaven and Him Who made it, And the earth and Him Who extended it, And the soul and Him Who made it perfect, Then He inspired it to understand what is right and wrong for it; He will indeed be successful who purifies it, And he will indeed fail who corrupts it. Samood gave the lie (to the truth) in their inordinacy, When the most unfortunate of them broke forth with So Allah's messenger said to them (Leave alone) Allah's she-camel, and (give) her (to) drink. But they called him a liar and slaughtered her, therefore their Lord crushed them for their sin and levelled them (with the ground). And He fears not its consequence.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. By the sun and his morning brightness and by the moon when she follows him, and by the day when it displays him and by the night when it enshrouds him! By the heaven and That which built it and by the earth and That which extended it! By the soul, and That which shaped it and inspired it to lewdness and godfearing! Prosperous is he who purifies it, and failed has he who seduces it. Thamood cried lies in their insolence when the most wretched of them uprose, then the Messenger of God said to them, 'The She-camel of God; let her drink!' But they cried him lies, and hamstrung her, so their Lord crushed them for their sin, and leveled them: and He fears not the issue thereof.


92	from Mecca	Surah Al-Lail — "The Night" — the Ninety-Second Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 21 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 9th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

92: 1-21	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. By the Night as it conceals (the light); By the Day as it appears in glory; By (the mystery of) the creation of male and female;- Verily, (the ends) ye strive for are diverse. So he who gives (in charity) and fears (Allah), And (in all sincerity) testifies to the best,- We will indeed make smooth for him the path to Bliss. But he who is a greedy miser and thinks himself self-sufficient, And gives the lie to the best,- We will indeed make smooth for him the path to Misery; Nor will his wealth profit him when he falls headlong (into the Pit). Verily We take upon Ourselves to guide, And verily unto Us (belong) the End and the Beginning. Therefore do I warn you of a Fire blazing fiercely; None shall reach it but those most unfortunate ones Who give the lie to Truth and turn their backs. But those most devoted to Allah shall be removed far from it,- Those who spend their wealth for increase in self-purification, And have in their minds no favour from anyone for which a reward is expected in return, But only the desire to seek for the Countenance of their Lord Most High; And soon will they attain (complete) satisfaction.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. By the night enshrouding And the day resplendent And Him Who hath created male and female, Lo! your effort is dispersed (toward divers ends). As for him who giveth and is dutiful (toward Allah) And believeth in goodness; Surely We will ease his way unto the state of ease. But as for him who hoardeth and deemeth himself independent, And disbelieveth in goodness; Surely We will ease his way unto adversity. His riches will not save him when he perisheth. Lo! Ours it is (to give) the guidance And lo! unto Us belong the latter portion and the former. Therefor have I warned you of the flaming Fire Which only the most wretched must endure, He who denieth and turneth away. Far removed from it will be the righteous Who giveth his wealth that he may grow (in goodness). And none hath with him any favour for reward, Except as seeking (to fulfil) the purpose of his Lord Most High. He verily will be content.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. I swear by the night when it draws a veil, And the day when it shines in brightness, And the creating of the male and the female, Your striving is most surely (directed to) various (ends). Then as for him who gives away and guards (against evil), And accepts the best, We will facilitate for him the easy end. And as for him who is niggardly and considers himself free from need (of Allah), And rejects the best, We will facilitate for him the difficult end. And his wealth will not avail him when he perishes. Surely Ours is it to show the way, And most surely Ours is the hereafter and the former. Therefore I warn you of the fire that flames: None shall enter it but the most unhappy, Who gives the lie (to the truth) and turns (his) back. And away from it shall be kept the one who guards most (against evil), Who gives away his wealth, purifying himself And no one has with him any boon for which he should be rewarded, Except the seeking of the pleasure of his Lord, the Most High. And he shall soon be well-pleased.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. By the night enshrouding and the day in splendour and That which created the male and the female, surely your striving is to diverse ends. As for him who gives and is godfearing and confirms the reward most fair, We shall surely ease him to the Easing. But as for him who is a miser, and self-sufficient, and cries lies to the reward most fair, We shall surely ease him to the Hardship; his wealth shall not avail him when he perishes. Surely upon Us rests the guidance, and to Us belong the Last and the First. Now I have warned you of a Fire that flames, whereat none but the most wretched shall be roasted, even he who cried lies, and turned away; and from which the most godfearing shall be removed, even he who gives his wealth to purify himself and confers no favour on any man for recompense, only seeking the Face of his Lord the Most High; and he shall surely be satisfied.


93	from Mecca	Surah Ad-Dhuha — "Morning Hours" — the Ninety-Third Surah-Chapter of the Qur'an, containing 11 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the11th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

93: 1-11	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. By the Glorious Morning Light, And by the Night when it is still,- Thy Guardian-Lord hath not forsaken thee, nor is He displeased. And verily the Hereafter will be better for thee than the present. And soon will thy Guardian-Lord give thee (that wherewith) thou shalt be well-pleased. Did He not find thee an orphan and give thee shelter (and care)? And He found thee wandering, and He gave thee guidance. And He found thee in need, and made thee independent. Therefore, treat not the orphan with harshness, Nor repulse the petitioner (unheard); But the bounty of thy Lord - rehearse and proclaim!	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. By the morning hours And by the night when it is stillest, Thy Lord hath not forsaken thee nor doth He hate thee, And verily the latter portion will be better for thee than the former, And verily thy Lord will give unto thee so that thou wilt be content. Did He not find thee an orphan and protect (thee)? Did He not find thee wandering and direct (thee)? Did He not find thee destitute and enrich (thee)? Therefor the orphan oppress not, Therefor the beggar drive not away, Therefor of the bounty of thy Lord be thy discourse.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. I swear by the early hours of the day, And the night when it covers with darkness. Your Lord has not forsaken you, nor has He become displeased, And surely what comes after is better for you than that which has gone before. And soon will your Lord give you so that you shall be well pleased. Did He not find you an orphan and give you shelter? And find you lost (that is, unrecognized by men) and guide (them to you)? And find you in want and make you to be free from want? Therefore, as for the orphan, do not oppress (him). And as for him who asks, do not chide (him), And as for the favor of your Lord, do announce (it).	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. By the white forenoon and the brooding night! Thy Lord has neither forsaken thee nor hates thee and the Last shall be better for thee than the First. Thy Lord shall give thee, and thou shalt be satisfied. Did He not find thee an orphan, and shelter thee? Did He not find thee erring, and guide thee? Did He not find thee needy, and suffice thee? As for the orphan, do not oppress him, and as for the beggar, scold him not; and as for thy Lord's blessing, declare it.


94	from Mecca	Surah Al-Inshirah — "The Consolation" — the Ninety-Fourth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 8 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 12th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

94: 1-8	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. Have We not expanded thee thy breast?- And removed from thee thy burden The which did gall thy back?- And raised high the esteem (in which) thou (art held)? So, verily, with every difficulty, there is relief: Verily, with every difficulty there is relief. Therefore, when thou art free (from thine immediate task), still labour hard, And to thy Lord turn (all) thy attention.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Have We not caused thy bosom to dilate, And eased thee of the burden Which weighed down thy back; And exalted thy fame? But lo! with hardship goeth ease, Lo! with hardship goeth ease; So when thou art relieved, still toil And strive to please thy Lord.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Have We not expanded for you your breast, And taken off from you your burden, Which pressed heavily upon your back, And exalted for you your esteem? Surely with difficulty is ease. With difficulty is surely ease. So when you are free, nominate. And make your Lord your exclusive object.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. Did We not expand thy breast for thee and lift from thee thy burden, the burden that weighed down thy back? Did We not exalt thy fame? So truly with hardship comes ease, truly with hardship comes ease.' So when thou art empty, labour, and let thy Lord be thy Quest.


95	from Mecca	Surah At-Tin — "The Fig Tree" — the Ninety-Fifth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 8 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 28th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

95: 1-8	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. By the Fig and the Olive, And the Mount of Sinai, And this City of security,- We have indeed created man in the best of moulds, Then do We abase him (to be) the lowest of the low,- Except such as believe and do righteous deeds: For they shall have a reward unfailing. Then what can, after this, contradict thee, as to the judgment (to come)? Is not Allah the wisest of judges?	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. By the fig and the olive, By Mount Sinai, And by this land made safe; Surely We created man of the best stature Then we reduced him to the lowest of the low, Save those who believe and do good works, and theirs is a reward unfailing. So who henceforth will give the lie to thee about the judgment? Is not Allah the most conclusive of all judges?	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. I swear by the fig and the olive, And mount Sinai, And this city made secure, Certainly We created man in the best make. Then We render him the lowest of the low. Except those who believe and do good, so they shall have a reward never to be cut off. Then who can give you the lie after (this) about the judgment? Is not Allah the best of the Judges?	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. By the fig and the olive and the Mount Sinai and this land secure! We indeed created Man in the fairest stature then We restored him the lowest of the low -- save those who believe, and do righteous deeds; they shall have a wage unfailing. What then shall cry thee lies as to the Doom? Is not God the justest of judges?


96	from Mecca	Surah Al-Alaq — "Clot of Blood" — the First Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 19 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically the First Surah of the Qur'an

English translations of:

Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)

Marmaduke Pickthall (P)

Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)

Arthur John Arberry (A)

	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate
96: 1-5	Proclaim! (or read!) in the name of thy Lord and Cherisher, Who created- Created man, out of a (mere) clot of congealed blood: Proclaim! And thy Lord is Most Bountiful,- He Who taught (the use of) the pen,- Taught man that which he knew not.	Read: In the name of thy Lord Who createth, Createth man from a clot. Read: And thy Lord is the Most Bounteous, Who teacheth by the pen, Teacheth man that which he knew not.	Read in the name of your Lord Who created. He created man from a clot. Read and your Lord is Most Honorable, Who taught (to write) with the pen Taught man what he knew not.	Recite: In the Name of thy Lord who created, created Man of a blood-clot. Recite: And thy Lord is the Most Generous, who taught by the Pen, taught Man that he knew not.
96: 6-10	Nay, but man doth transgress all bounds, In that he looketh upon himself as self-sufficient. Verily, to thy Lord is the return (of all). Seest thou one who forbids- A votary when he (turns) to pray?	Nay, but verily man is rebellious That he thinketh himself independent! Lo! unto thy Lord is the return. Hast thou seen him who dissuadeth A slave when he prayeth?	Nay! man is most surely inordinate, Because he sees himself free from want. Surely to your Lord is the return. Have you seen him who forbids A servant when he prays?	No indeed; surely Man waxes insolent, for he thinks himself self-sufficient. Surely unto thy Lord is the Returning. What thinkest thou? He who forbids a servant when he prays --
96: 11-16	Seest thou if he is on (the road of) Guidance?- Or enjoins Righteousness? Seest thou if he denies (Truth) and turns away? Knoweth he not that Allah doth see? Let him beware! If he desist not, We will drag him by the forelock,- A lying, sinful forelock!	Hast thou seen if he relieth on the guidance (of Allah) Or enjoineth piety? Hast thou seen if he denieth (Allah's guidance) and is froward? Is he then unaware that Allah seeth? Nay, but if he cease not We will seize him by the forelock- The lying, sinful forelock -	Have you considered if he were on the right way, Or enjoined guarding (against evil)? Have you considered if he gives the lie to the truth and turns (his) back? Does he not know that Allah does see? Nay! if he desist not, We would certainly smite his forehead, A lying, sinful forehead.	What thinkest thou? If he were upon guidance or bade to godfearing -- What thinkest thou? If he cries lies, and turns away -- Did he not know that God sees? No indeed; surely, if he gives not over, We shall seize him by the forelock, a lying, sinful forelock.
96: 17-19	Then, let him call (for help) to his council (of comrades): We will call on the angels of punishment (to deal with him)! Nay, heed him not: But bow down in adoration, and bring thyself the closer (to Allah)!	Then let him call upon his henchmen! We will call the guards of hell. Nay, Obey not thou him. But prostrate thyself, and draw near (unto Allah).	Then let him summon his council, We too would summon the braves of the army. Nay! obey him not, and make obeisance and draw nigh (to Allah).	So let him call on his concourse! We shall call on the guards of Hell. No indeed; do thou not obey him, and bow thyself, and draw nigh.


97	from Mecca	Surah Al-Qadr — "The Night of Honor" — the Ninety-Seventh Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 5 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 25th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

97: 1-5	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. We have indeed revealed this (Message) in the Night of Power: And what will explain to thee what the night of power is? The Night of Power is better than a thousand months. Therein come down the angels and the Spirit by Allah's permission, on every errand: Peace!… This until the rise of morn!	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Lo! We revealed it on the Night of Predestination. Ah, what will convey unto thee what the Night of Power is! The Night of Power is better than a thousand months. The angels and the Spirit descend therein, by the permission of their Lord, with all decrees. (The night is) Peace until the rising of the dawn.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Surely We revealed it on the grand night. And what will make you comprehend what the grand night The grand night is better than a thousand months. The angels and Gibreel descend in it by the permission of their Lord for every affair, Peace! it is till the break of the morning.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. Behold, We sent it down on the Night of Power; And what shall teach thee what is the Night of Power? The Night of Power is better than a thousand months; in it the angels and the Spirit descend, by the leave of their Lord, upon every command. Peace it is, till the rising of dawn.


98	from Medina	Surah Al-Bayyina — "The Clear Evidence" — the Ninety-Eighth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 8 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 100th Surah of the Qur'an.
		Except, of course, that no clear sign, no evidence whatsoever is supplied by this Sura.

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

98: 1-8	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. Those who reject (Truth), among the People of the Book and among the Polytheists, were not going to depart (from their ways) until there should come to them Clear Evidence, A messenger from Allah, rehearsing scriptures kept pure and holy: Wherein are laws (or decrees) right and straight. Nor did the People of the Book make schisms, until after there came to them Clear Evidence. And they have been commanded no more than this: To worship Allah, offering Him sincere devotion, being true (in faith); to establish regular prayer; and to practise regular charity; and that is the Religion Right and Straight. Those who reject (Truth), among the People of the Book and among the Polytheists, will be in Hell-Fire, to dwell therein (for aye). They are the worst of creatures. Those who have faith and do righteous deeds,- they are the best of creatures. Their reward is with Allah: Gardens of Eternity, beneath which rivers flow; they will dwell therein for ever; Allah well pleased with them, and they with Him: all this for such as fear their Lord and Cherisher.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Those who disbelieve among the People of the Scripture and the idolaters could not have left off (erring) till the clear proof came unto them, A messenger from Allah, reading purified pages Containing correct scriptures. Nor were the People of the Scripture divided until after the clear proof came unto them. And they are ordered naught else than to serve Allah, keeping religion pure for Him, as men by nature upright, and to establish worship and to pay the poor-due. That is true religion. Lo! those who disbelieve, among the People of the Scripture and the idolaters, will abide in fire of hell. They are the worst of created beings. (And) lo! those who believe and do good works are the best of created beings. Their reward is with their Lord: Gardens of Eden underneath which rivers flow, wherein they dwell for ever. Allah hath pleasure in them and they have pleasure in Him. This is (in store) for him who feareth his Lord.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Those who disbelieved from among the followers of the Book and the polytheists could not have separated (from the faithful) until there had come to them the clear evidence: A messenger from Allah, reciting pure pages, Wherein are all the right ordinances. And those who were given the Book did not become divided except after clear evidence had come to them. And they were not enjoined anything except that they should serve Allah, being sincere to Him in obedience, upright, and keep up prayer and pay the poor-rate, and that is the right religion. Surely those who disbelieve from among the followers of the Book and the polytheists shall be in the fire of hell, abiding therein; they are the worst of men. (As for) those who believe and do good, surely they are the best of men. Their reward with their Lord is gardens of perpetuity beneath which rivers flow, abiding therein for ever; Allah is well pleased with them and they are well pleased with Him; that is for him who fears his Lord.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. The unbelievers of the People of the Book and the idolaters would never leave off; till the Clear Sign came to them, a Messenger from God, reciting pages purified, therein true Books. And they scattered not, those that were given the Book, excepting after the Clear Sign came to them. They were commanded only to serve God, making the religion His sincerely, men of pure faith, and to perform the prayer, and pay the alms -- that is the religion of the True. The unbelievers of the People of the Book and the idolaters shall be in the Fire of Gehenna, therein dwelling forever; those are the worst of creatures. But those who believe, and do righteous deeds, those are the best of creatures; their recompense is with their Lord -- Gardens of Eden, underneath which rivers flow, therein dwelling for ever and ever. God is well-pleased with them, and they are well-pleased with Him; that is for him who fears his Lord.


99	from Medina (disputed)	Surah Al-Zalzala — "The Earthquake" — the Ninety-Ninth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 8 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 93rd Surah of the Qur'an.
		Interesting. See Matthew 10:40-42 and Mark 9:41. Everything counts.

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

99: 1-8	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. When the earth is shaken to her (utmost) convulsion, And the earth throws up her burdens (from within), And man cries (distressed): 'What is the matter with her?'- On that Day will she declare her tidings: For that thy Lord will have given her inspiration. On that Day will men proceed in companies sorted out, to be shown the deeds that they (had done). Then shall anyone who has done an atom's weight of good, see it! And anyone who has done an atom's weight of evil, shall see it.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. When Earth is shaken with her (final) earthquake And Earth yieldeth up her burdens, And man saith: What aileth her? That day she will relate her chronicles, Because thy Lord inspireth her. That day mankind will issue forth in scattered groups to be shown their deeds. And whoso doeth good an atom's weight will see it then, And whoso doeth ill an atom's weight will see it then.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. When the earth is shaken with her (violent) shaking, And the earth brings forth her burdens, And man says: What has befallen her? On that day she shall tell her news, Because your Lord had inspired her. On that day men shall come forth in sundry bodies that they may be shown their works. So. he who has done an atom's weight of good shall see it And he who has done an atom's weight of evil shall see it.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. When earth is shaken with a mighty shaking and earth brings forth her burdens, and Man says, 'What ails her?' upon that day she shall tell her tidings for that her Lord has inspired her. Upon that day men shall issue in scatterings to see their works, and whoso has done an atom's weight of good shall see it, and whoso has done an atom's weight of evil shall see it.


100	from Mecca	Surah Al-Adiyat — "The War Horse" — the Hundredth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 11 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 14th Surah of the Qur'an.
		Not much surprise that no mention is made of Muhammad's own exhorbitant love of wealth and sensual pleasures. Muhammad "revealed" "god's will" that Muhammad himself would receive a twenty-percent share of the booty from the many raids he ordered and/or participated in. These were about 100 in number, depending on definitions. He had not less than 13 "wives", most of them at the same time.

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

100: 1-11	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. By the (Steeds) that run, with panting (breath), And strike sparks of fire, And push home the charge in the morning, And raise the dust in clouds the while, And penetrate forthwith into the midst (of the foe) en masse;- Truly man is, to his Lord, ungrateful; And to that (fact) he bears witness (by his deeds); And violent is he in his love of wealth. Does he not know,- when that which is in the graves is scattered abroad, And that which is (locked up) in (human) breasts is made manifest- That their Lord had been Well-acquainted with them, (even to) that Day?	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. By the snorting courses, Striking sparks of fire And scouring to the raid at dawn, Then, therewith, with their trail of dust, Cleaving, as one, the centre (of the foe), Lo! man is an ingrate unto his Lord And lo! he is a witness unto that; And lo! in the love of wealth he is violent. Knoweth he not that, when the contents of the graves are poured forth And the secrets of the breasts are made known, On that day will their Lord be perfectly informed concerning them.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. I swear by the runners breathing pantingly, Then those that produce fire striking, Then those that make raids at morn, Then thereby raise dust, Then rush thereby upon an assembly: Most surely man is ungrateful to his Lord. And most surely he is a witness of that. And most surely he is tenacious in the love of wealth. Does he not then know when what is in the graves is raised, And what is in the breasts is made apparent? Most surely their Lord that day shall be fully aware of them.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. By the snorting chargers, by the strikers of fire, by the dawn-raiders blazing a trail of dust, cleaving there with a host! Surely Man is ungrateful to his Lord, and surely he is a witness against that! Surely he is passionate in his love for good things. Knows he not that when that which is in the tombs is over-thrown, and that which is in the breasts is brought out -- surely on that day their Lord shall be aware of them!


101	from Mecca	Surah Al-Qaria — "The Great Calamity" — the Hundred and First Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 11 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 30th Surah of the Qur'an.
		This weighing of the balance of good and bad deeds applies only to Muslims. All non-Muslims are consigned to hell, the unvarying view of Muslim religious authorities throughout the centuries has it. As for Muslims, their deeds will be weighed. Except, critically, those who participate in Jihad. The power of this understanding for Muslims can scarcely be overstated: participate in Jihad, and if you die you go to heaven, but die without having participated in Jihad, and your deeds will be weighed in the balance to determine your eternal fate.

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

101: 1-5	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. The (Day) of Noise and Clamour: What is the (Day) of Noise and Clamour? And what will explain to thee what the (Day) of Noise and Clamour is? (It is) a Day whereon men will be like moths scattered about, And the mountains will be like carded wool.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. The Calamity! What is the Calamity? Ah, what will convey unto thee what the Calamity is! A day wherein mankind will be as thickly-scattered moths And the mountains will become as carded wool.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. The terrible calamity! What is the terrible calamity! And what will make you comprehend what the terrible calamity is? The day on which men shall be as scattered moths, And the mountains shall be as loosened wool.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. The Clatterer! What is the Clatterer? And what shall teach thee what is the Clatterer? The day that men shall be like scattered moths, and the mountains shall be like plucked wooltufts.
101: 6-11	Then, he whose balance (of good deeds) will be (found) heavy, Will be in a life of good pleasure and satisfaction. But he whose balance (of good deeds) will be (found) light,- Will have his home in a (bottomless) Pit. And what will explain to thee what this is? (It is) a Fire blazing fiercely!	Then, as for him whose scales are heavy (with good works), He will live a pleasant life. But as for him whose scales are light, A bereft and Hungry One will be his mother, Ah, what will convey unto thee what she is! - Raging Fire.	Then as for him whose measure of good deeds is heavy, He shall live a pleasant life. And as for him whose measure of good deeds is light, His abode shall be the abyss. And what will make you know what it is? A burning fire.	Then he whose deeds weigh heavy in the Balance shall inherit a pleasing life, but he whose deeds weigh light in the Balance shall plunge in the womb of the Pit. And what shall teach thee what is the Pit? A blazing Fire!


102	from Mecca	Surah At-Takathur — "Greed for More" — the Hundred and Second Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 8 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 16th Surah of the Qur'an.
		More hell fire. And yet the curious thing in this and many other Quranic passages is the utter and pathological Quranic confusion about what it is that constitutes the good, even the ultimate good. Greed with respect to material luxuries and sensual pleasures is set up as a thing of evil. Those who seek such things during their lives on earth inherit hell in the hereafter, at least if they and their lives are found wanting in the balance, if there was not enough weight of good deeds to counterbalance this thing of evil. And yet it is that very thing of evil — luxurious sensuality, vast and timeless — which is set up by the faith of Islam, by the Qur'an, as being the heavenly reward! Not an offer to spend eternity in the presense of God — the goal of Christians and the Christian conception of Heaven — but rather the ability to lavishly indulge in that which was, at least partially, forbidden on earth, this is the conception of heaven which Muhammad and his Qur'an and his Islam offer humankind. There are many reasons why is is necessary to conclude the Muhammad's message, Muhammad's Qur'an is not from God. And yet this one point would be enough on its own.

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

102: 1-8	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. The mutual rivalry for piling up (the good things of this world) diverts you (from the more serious things), Until ye visit the graves. But nay, ye soon shall know (the reality). Again, ye soon shall know! Nay, were ye to know with certainty of mind, (ye would beware!) Ye shall certainly see Hell-Fire! Again, ye shall see it with certainty of sight! Then, shall ye be questioned that Day about the joy (ye indulged in)!	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Rivalry in worldly increase distracteth you Until ye come to the graves. Nay, but ye will come to know! Nay, but ye will come to know! Nay, would that ye knew (now) with a sure knowledge! For ye will behold hell-fire. Aye, ye will behold it with sure vision. Then, on that day, ye will be asked concerning pleasure.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Abundance diverts you, Until you come to the graves. Nay! you shall soon know, Nay! Nay! you shall soon know. Nay! if you had known with a certain knowledge, You should most certainly have seen the hell; Then you shall most certainly see it with the eye of certainty; Then on that day you shall most certainly be questioned about the boons.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. Gross rivalry diverts you, even till you visit the tombs. No indeed; but soon you shall know. Again, no indeed; but soon you shall know. No indeed; did you know with the knowledge of certainty, you shall surely see Hell; Again, you shall surely see it with the eye of certainty then you shall be questioned that day concerning true bliss.


103	from Mecca	Surah Al-Asr — "The Declining Day" — the Hundred and Third Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 3 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 13th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

103: 1-3	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. By (the Token of) Time (through the ages), Verily Man is in loss, Except such as have Faith, and do righteous deeds, and (join together) in the mutual teaching of Truth, and of Patience and Constancy.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. By the declining day, Lo! man is a state of loss, Save those who believe and do good works, and exhort one another to truth and exhort one another to endurance.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. I swear by the time, Most surely man is in loss, Except those who believe and do good, and enjoin on each other truth, and enjoin on each other patience.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. By the afternoon! Surely Man is in the way of loss, save those who believe, and do righteous deeds, and counsel each other unto the truth, and counsel each other to be steadfast.


104	from Mecca	Surah Al-Humaza — "The Gossipmonger" — the Hundred and Fourth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 9 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 32nd Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

104: 1-9	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. Woe to every (kind of) scandal-monger and-backbiter, Who pileth up wealth and layeth it by, Thinking that his wealth would make him last for ever! By no means! He will be sure to be thrown into That which Breaks to Pieces, And what will explain to thee That which Breaks to Pieces? (It is) the Fire of (the Wrath of) Allah kindled (to a blaze), The which doth mount (right) to the Hearts: It shall be made into a vault over them, In columns outstretched.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Woe unto every slandering traducer, Who hath gathered wealth (of this world) and arranged it. He thinketh that his wealth will render him immortal. Nay, but verily he will be flung to the Consuming One. Ah, what will convey unto thee what the Consuming One is! (It is) the fire of Allah, kindled, Which leapeth up over the hearts (of men). Lo! it is closed in on them In outstretched columns.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Woe to every slanderer, defamer, Who amasses wealth and considers it a provision (against mishap); He thinks that his wealth will make him immortal. Nay! he shall most certainly be hurled into the crushing disaster, And what will make you realize what the crushing disaster is? It is the fire kindled by Allah, Which rises above the hearts. Surely it shall be closed over upon them, In extended columns.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. Woe unto every backbiter, slanderer, who has gathered riches and counted them over thinking his riches have made him immortal! No indeed; he shall be thrust into the Crusher; and what shall teach thee what is the Crusher; The Fire of God kindled roaring over the hearts covered down upon them, in columns outstretched.


105	from Mecca	Surah Al-Fil — "The Elephant" — the Hundred and Fifth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 5 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 19th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

105: 1-5	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. Seest thou not how thy Lord dealt with the Companions of the Elephant? Did He not make their treacherous plan go astray? And He sent against them Flights of Birds, Striking them with stones of baked clay. Then did He make them like an empty field of stalks and straw, (of which the corn) has been eaten up.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Hast thou not seen how thy Lord dealt with the owners of the Elephant? Did He not bring their stratagem to naught, And send against them swarms of flying creatures, Which pelted them with stones of baked clay, And made them like green crops devoured (by cattle)?	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Have you not considered how your Lord dealt with the possessors of the elephant? Did He not cause their war to end in confusion, And send down (to prey) upon them birds in flocks, Casting against them stones of baked clay, So He rendered them like straw eaten up?	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. Hast thou not seen how thy Lord did with the Men of the Elephant? Did He not make their guile to go astray? And He loosed upon them birds in flights, hurling against them stones of baked clay and He made them like green blades devoured.


106	from Mecca	Surah Quraysh — "Quraysh, also transliterated as Quraish or Koraish" — the Hundred and Sixth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 4 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 29th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

106: 1-4	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. For the covenants (of security and safeguard enjoyed) by the Quraish, Their covenants (covering) journeys by winter and summer,- Let them adore the Lord of this House, Who provides them with food against hunger, and with security against fear (of danger).	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. For the taming of Qureysh. For their taming (We cause) the caravans to set forth in winter and summer. So let them worship the Lord of this House, Who hath fed them against hunger and hath made them safe from fear.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. For the protection of the Qureaish— Their protection during their trading caravans in the winter and the summer— So let them serve the Lord of this House Who feeds them against hunger and gives them security against fear.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. For the composing of Koraish, their composing for the winter and summer caravan! So let them serve the Lord of this House who has fed them against hunger and secured them from fear.


107	from Mecca	Surah Al-Maun — "Almsgiving" — the Hundred and Seventh Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 7 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 17th Surah of the Qur'an.
		See Matthew 25:31-46

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

107: 1-7	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. Seest thou one who denies the Judgment (to come)? Then such is the (man) who repulses the orphan (with harshness), And encourages not the feeding of the indigent. So woe to the worshippers Who are neglectful of their prayers, Those who (want but) to be seen (of men), But refuse (to supply) (even) neighbourly needs.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Hast thou observed him who belieth religion? That is he who repelleth the orphan, And urgeth not the feeding of the needy. Ah, woe unto worshippers Who are heedless of their prayer; Who would be seen (at worship) Yet refuse small kindnesses!	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Have you considered him who calls the judgment a lie? That is the one who treats the orphan with harshness, And does not urge (others) to feed the poor. So woe to the praying ones, Who are unmindful of their prayers, Who do (good) to be seen, And withhold the necessaries of life.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. Hast thou seen him who cries lies to the Doom? That is he who repulses the orphan and urges not the feeding of the needy. So woe to those that pray and are heedless of their prayers, to those who make display and refuse charity.


108	from Mecca	Surah Al-Kauther — "Abundance" — the Hundred and Eighth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 3 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 15th Surah of the Qur'an.
		Here, as again and again in the Qur'an, a strange juxtaposition of a call to Muslims to gratitude, prayer and piety with an immediate reference to a divine "repayment" to Muslims in the form of wrath and punishment to be meted out to their foes.

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

108: 1-3	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. To thee have We granted the Fount (of Abundance). Therefore to thy Lord turn in Prayer and Sacrifice. For he who hateth thee, he will be cut off (from Future Hope).	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Lo! We have given thee Abundance; So pray unto thy Lord, and sacrifice. Lo! it is thy insulter (and not thou) who is without posterity.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Surely We have given you Kausar, Therefore pray to your Lord and make a sacrifice. Surely your enemy is the one who shall be without posterity.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. Surely We have given thee abundance; so pray unto thy Lord and sacrifice. Surely he that hates thee, he is the one cut off.


109	from Mecca	Surah Al-Kafiroon — "The Disbelievers" — the Hundred and Ninth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 6 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 18th Surah of the Qur'an.
		Live and let live. What a wonderful example of the tolerance which is at the very heart of Islam is found in this Chapter of the Qur'an. Well, wrong. What this is an example of is the practice of deception against Muhammad's opponents which Muhammad both freely employed and taught as part of the doctrine of Islam. The message of tolerance which Muslims were called to mouth to their non-Muslim neighbours in this early Sura-Chapter of the Qur'an was Abrogated by other chapters and verses chronologically later in order of "revelation."

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

109: 1-6	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. Say: O ye that reject Faith! I worship not that which ye worship, Nor will ye worship that which I worship. And I will not worship that which ye have been wont to worship, Nor will ye worship that which I worship. To you be your Way, and to me mine.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Say: O disbelievers! I worship not that which ye worship; Nor worship ye that which I worship. And I shall not worship that which ye worship. Nor will ye worship that which I worship. Unto you your religion, and unto me my religion.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Say: O unbelievers! I do not serve that which you serve, Nor do you serve Him Whom I serve: Nor am I going to serve that which you serve, Nor are you going to serve Him Whom I serve: You shall have your religion and I shall have my religion.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. Say: 'O unbelievers, I serve not what you serve and you are not serving what I serve, nor am I serving what you have served, neither are you serving what I serve To you your religion, and to me my religion!'


110	from Medina	Surah An-Nasr — "Divine Support, Succour" — the Hundred and Tenth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 3 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically the last, the 114th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

110: 1-3	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. When comes the Help of Allah, and Victory, And thou dost see the people enter Allah's Religion in crowds, Celebrate the praises of thy Lord, and pray for His Forgiveness: For He is Oft-Returning (in Grace and Mercy).	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. When Allah's succour and the triumph cometh And thou seest mankind entering the religion of Allah in troops, Then hymn the praises of thy Lord, and seek forgiveness of Him. Lo! He is ever ready to show mercy.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. When there comes the help of Allah and the victory, And you see men entering the religion of Allah in companies, Then celebrate the praise of your Lord, and ask His forgiveness; surely He is oft-returning (to mercy).	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. When comes the help of God, and victory, and thou seest men entering God's religion in throngs, then proclaim the praise of thy Lord, and seek His forgiveness; for He turns again unto men.


111	from Mecca	Surah Al-Masadd — "The Plaited Rope, The Flame, Palm Fibre" — the One Hundred and Eleventh Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 5 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 6th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

111: 1-5	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. Perish the hands of the Father of Flame! Perish he! No profit to him from all his wealth, and all his gains! Burnt soon will he be in a Fire of Blazing Flame! His wife shall carry the (crackling) wood - As fuel!- A twisted rope of palm-leaf fibre round her (own) neck!	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. The power of Abu Lahab will perish, and he will perish. His wealth and gains will not exempt him. He will be plunged in flaming Fire, And his wife, the wood-carrier, Will have upon her neck a halter of palm-fibre.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Perdition overtake both hands of Abu Lahab, and he will perish. His wealth and what he earns will not avail him. He shall soon burn in fire that flames, And his wife, the bearer of fuel, Upon her neck a halter of strongly twisted rope.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. Perish the hands of Abu Lahab, and perish he! His wealth avails him not, neither what he has earned; he shall roast at a flaming fire and his wife, the carrier of the firewood, upon her neck a rope of palm-fibre.


112	from Mecca	Surah Al-Ikhlas — "Purity of Faith" — the One Hundred and Twelfth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 4 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 22nd Surah of the Qur'an.
		Central purpose is the denial of the Divinity of Christ and so of Christianity.

	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

112: 1-4	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. Say: He is Allah, the One and Only; Allah, the Eternal, Absolute; He begetteth not, nor is He begotten; And there is none like unto Him.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Say: He is Allah, the One! Allah, the eternally Besought of all! He begetteth not nor was begotten. And there is none comparable unto Him.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Say: He, Allah, is One. Allah is He on Whom all depend. He begets not, nor is He begotten. And none is like Him.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. Say: 'He is God, One, God, the Everlasting Refuge, who has not begotten, and has not been begotten, and equal to Him is not any one.'


113	from Mecca	Surah Al-Falaq — "The Daybreak" — the One Hundred and Thirteenth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 5 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 20th Surah of the Qur'an.


	English translations of:
	Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)	Marmaduke Pickthall (P)	Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)	Arthur John Arberry (A)

113: 1-5	In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful. Say: I seek refuge with the Lord of the Dawn, From the mischief of created things; From the mischief of Darkness as it overspreads; From the mischief of those who practise secret arts; And from the mischief of the envious one as he practises envy.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Say: I seek refuge in the Lord of the Daybreak From the evil of that which He created; From the evil of the darkness when it is intense, And from the evil of malignant witchcraft, And from the evil of the envier when he envieth.	In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful. Say: I seek refuge in the Lord of the dawn, From the evil of what He has created, And from the evil of the utterly dark night when it comes, And from the evil of those who blow on knots, And from the evil of the envious when he envies.	In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate. Say: 'I take refuge with the Lord of the Daybreak from the evil of what He has created, from the evil of darkness when it gathers, from the evil of the women who blow on knots, from the evil of an envier when he envies.'


114	from Mecca	Surah An-Nas— "Mankind" — the One Hundred and Fourteenth Surah (Chapter) of the Qur'an, containing 6 Ayat (verses).
	Chronologically, the 21st Surah of the Qur'an.

English translations of:

Abdullah Yusuf Ali (Y)

Marmaduke Pickthall (P)

Mohammad Habib Shakir (S)

Arthur John Arberry (A)

114:

1-6

In the name of Allah, the Most Beneficent, the Most Merciful.

Say: I seek refuge with the Lord and Cherisher of Mankind, The King (or Ruler) of Mankind, From the mischief of the Whisperer (of Evil), who withdraws (after his whisper),- (The same) who whispers into the hearts of Mankind,- Among jinns and among men.

In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.

Say: I seek refuge in the Lord of mankind, The King of mankind, The God of mankind, From the evil of the sneaking whisperer, Who whispereth in the hearts of mankind, Of the jinn and of mankind.

In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful.

Say: I seek refuge in the Lord of men, The King of men, The God of men, From the evil of the whisperings of the slinking (Shaitan), Who whispers into the hearts of men, From among the jinn and the men.

In the Name of God, the Merciful, the Compassionate.

Say: 'I take refuge with the Lord of men, the King of men, the God of men, from the evil of the slinking whisperer who whispers in the breasts of men of jinn and men.'

The End